batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4172-l4219
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4172-l4219
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 4172-4219
start: '4172'
end: '4219'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage lists eschatological signs and events in Sale''s account of
Islamic traditions: the appearance of an Antichrist figure, the descent of Jesus,
a period of peace, conflict with Jews, the eruption of Gog and Magog, cosmic signs,
renewed idolatry, and a wind that removes the faithful and the Koran before a
period of ignorance.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: An Antichrist figure is described as appearing in the last days, ruling land
and sea, being followed by Jews of Ispahan, remaining on earth for forty days
of unequal length, laying waste places, being unable to enter Mecca or Medina
because angels guard them, and being slain by Jesus at the gate of Lud.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Jesus is described as descending near the white tower east of Damascus after
the taking of Constantinople, embracing the Mohammedan religion, marrying, having
children, killing Antichrist, and later dying after a stated period on earth.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Under Jesus, the world is said to have security and plenty, hatred and malice
cease, predatory and domestic animals live peacefully, and a child plays with
serpents without injury.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: A war with the Jews is described in which trees and stones reveal hidden Jews,
except the Gharkad tree, identified in the passage as the tree of the Jews.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Gog and Magog are described as passing the lake of Tiberias, whose water their
vanguard drinks dry, reaching Jerusalem, and distressing Jesus and his companions.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: At Jesus' request, God destroys Gog and Magog, fills the earth with their
carcasses, sends birds to carry them away, and later sends rain to cleanse and
fertilize the earth.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: The Moslems are said to burn the bows, arrows, and quivers of Gog and Magog
for seven years.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:8
text: A smoke is listed as filling the whole earth.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:9
text: 'Three eclipses before the last hour are reported: one in the east, one in
the west, and one in Arabia.'
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:10
text: The Arabs are described as returning to the worship of Allat, al-Uzza, and
other ancient idols after the faithful have decreased.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:11
text: God is said to send a cold fragrant wind from Syria Damascena that removes
the souls of all the faithful and the Koran itself, leaving people in ignorance
for a hundred years.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Antichrist figure
description: A last-days adversary who claims dominion over land and sea, devastates
places, cannot enter Mecca or Medina, and is slain by Jesus at Lud.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Jesus
description: A returning figure who descends near Damascus, kills Antichrist, brings
an era of peace and plenty, is distressed by Gog and Magog, prays for their removal,
and eventually dies.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Angels
description: Guardians of Mecca and Medina, preventing the Antichrist figure from
entering.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Jews of Ispahan
description: A group of 70,000 Jews said to follow the Antichrist figure.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Mohammedans / Moslems
description: The religious community described as engaging in war with Jews and
later burning the weapons of Gog and Magog.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Gog and Magog / Yajuj and Majuj
description: A vast barbarian army that drinks dry the lake of Tiberias, comes to
Jerusalem, and distresses Jesus and his companions before being destroyed by God.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: God
description: The divine actor who destroys Gog and Magog, sends birds, sends cleansing
rain, and later sends a wind that removes the faithful and the Koran.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Jesus' companions and followers
description: Those distressed with Jesus by Gog and Magog and associated with prayers
after their destruction.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Birds
description: Birds sent by God to carry away the carcasses of Gog and Magog.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Faithful
description: People whose souls are removed by a cold fragrant wind before the remaining
period of ignorance.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
label: eschatological adversary
assigned_to:
- fig:1
- fig:6
basis: The Antichrist figure devastates places and is slain by Jesus; Gog and Magog
distress Jesus and his companions before divine destruction.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: role:2
label: returning eschatological judge or victor
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Jesus descends, kills Antichrist, and is central in the defeat of Gog and
Magog.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- id: role:3
label: holy city guardians
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Angels guard Mecca and Medina from the Antichrist figure.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:4
label: apocalyptic followers or invading host
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:6
basis: Jews of Ispahan follow the Antichrist figure; Gog and Magog appear as a vast
army.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: religious combatant community
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The Mohammedans are described as making a religious slaughter and later burning
the weapons of Gog and Magog.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:6
label: divine deliverer
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:7
basis: Jesus requests divine aid; God destroys Gog and Magog and later cleanses
the earth.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:7
label: protected or saved community
assigned_to:
- fig:8
- fig:10
basis: Jesus' followers pray after the destruction of Gog and Magog; the faithful
are removed by the wind before final ignorance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: role:8
label: corpse-removing agents
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Birds are sent to carry away the carcasses of Gog and Magog.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: guarded holy cities
literal_form: Mecca and Medina guarded by angels
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: white tower near Damascus
literal_form: white tower east of Damascus
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: peaceable animals and harmless serpents
literal_form: lions with camels, bears with sheep, and a child playing with serpents
unhurt
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- serpent
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:4
label: revealing trees and stones
literal_form: trees and stones discovering hidden Jews
associated_figures:
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:5
label: Gharkad tree
literal_form: tree called Gharkad, described as the tree of the Jews
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:6
label: lake drunk dry
literal_form: lake of Tiberias drunk dry by the vanguard of Gog and Magog
associated_figures:
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:7
label: weapon-burning for seven years
literal_form: bows, arrows, and quivers burned for seven years
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:8
label: cleansing rain
literal_form: rain sent by God to cleanse the earth and make it fertile
associated_figures:
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:9
label: world-filling smoke
literal_form: smoke filling the whole earth
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:10
label: three eclipses
literal_form: eclipses in the east, west, and Arabia before the last hour
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:11
label: fragrant cold wind
literal_form: cold odoriferous wind from Syria Damascena sweeping away souls of
the faithful and the Koran
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Appearance and defeat of Antichrist
summary: The Antichrist figure appears in the last days, gathers followers, devastates
places, is barred from Mecca and Medina by angels, and is killed by Jesus at Lud.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Descent of Jesus and peaceable order
summary: Jesus descends near Damascus, participates in earthly life, kills Antichrist,
and presides over a time of security, plenty, and peace among hostile animals.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: War with Jews and revealing landscape
summary: In a religious conflict, trees and stones reveal hidden Jews, except for
the Gharkad tree.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Eruption and destruction of Gog and Magog
summary: Gog and Magog drink dry the lake of Tiberias, distress Jesus and his companions
at Jerusalem, are destroyed by God, have their carcasses removed by birds, and
leave weapons burned for seven years before cleansing rain restores the earth.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:5
label: Cosmic signs before the last hour
summary: A smoke fills the earth and three eclipses occur in the east, west, and
Arabia.
figure_refs: []
symbol_refs:
- sym:9
- sym:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:6
label: Return to idolatry and removal of the faithful
summary: After faith declines, Arabs return to ancient idols; God sends a cold fragrant
wind that removes the souls of the faithful and the Koran, leaving people in ignorance.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: last-days adversary defeated by returning Jesus
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The Antichrist figure appears before the last days, is barred from holy cities,
and is slain by Jesus.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is a later English translation/commentarial summary of traditions,
not a direct Qur'anic verse in this line range.
- id: motif:2
label: messianic descent and peaceable kingdom
taxonomy_refs:
- return
- divine_judgment
basis: Jesus descends near Damascus, kills Antichrist, and presides over security,
plenty, and peaceful relations among animals and a child with serpents.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The label 'messianic' is descriptive and should be checked against Islamic
terminology in human review.
- id: motif:3
label: apocalyptic invasion by Gog and Magog
taxonomy_refs:
- chaos
- divine_judgment
basis: Gog and Magog emerge as a vast army, consume the lake of Tiberias, distress
Jesus and his companions, and are destroyed by God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: The passage itself notes that many details are related in the Koran and
traditions, but does not quote those sources directly here.
- id: motif:4
label: earth cleansed and renewed after apocalyptic destruction
taxonomy_refs:
- death_rebirth
- resurrection
basis: After Gog and Magog are destroyed and their carcasses removed, God sends
rain to cleanse the earth and make it fertile.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage describes renewal of fertility but does not explicitly frame
it as resurrection.
- id: motif:5
label: cosmic portents before the last hour
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage lists world-filling smoke and three eclipses before the last
hour.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: Only brief list entries are given for these signs.
- id: motif:6
label: removal of the faithful before final ignorance
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: A cold fragrant wind removes the souls of the faithful and the Koran, after
which only the worst people remain in ignorance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy link is approximate; the passage describes removal rather
than a journey narrative.
- id: motif:7
label: sacred or animate landscape exposing hidden enemies
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Trees and stones reveal hidden Jews, while the Gharkad tree is excepted.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage presents this within a polemical apocalyptic war scene; interpretation
should be reviewed carefully.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage itself points readers to Isaiah 11:6 in connection with the peaceable
animals and child-with-serpents scene.
claim_level: same_motif
target: Isaiah 11:6 peaceable animals motif
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:7
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The support is a translator's footnote rather than an extended comparison
in the narrative itself.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage itself points readers to Ezekiel 39:9 and Revelation 20:8 in
connection with Gog and Magog and the burning of weapons.
claim_level: same_motif
target: Biblical Gog and Magog apocalyptic war traditions
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:7
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The footnote indicates parallels but does not establish historical
contact or dependence.
- id: claim:3
claim: The passage itself points readers to Joel 2:30 and Revelation 9:2 in connection
with the world-filling smoke sign.
claim_level: visual_similarity
target: Biblical apocalyptic smoke portents
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:7
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: The passage gives only a brief smoke sign and footnote references,
so the comparison is limited.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 4172-4185
quote_or_summary: The Antichrist figure is expected in the last days, followed by
Jews of Ispahan, barred from Mecca and Medina by angels, and slain by Jesus at
the gate of Lud.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 4186-4194
quote_or_summary: Jesus descends near a white tower east of Damascus, embraces the
Mohammedan religion, marries, has children, kills Antichrist, later dies, and
presides over security, plenty, peace among animals, and harmless serpents.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 4195-4198
quote_or_summary: In war with Jews, trees and stones reveal hidden persons except
the Gharkad tree, called the tree of the Jews.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 4199-4209
quote_or_summary: Gog and Magog pass the lake of Tiberias, drink it dry, distress
Jesus and companions at Jerusalem, are destroyed by God, removed by birds, leave
weapons burned for seven years, and are followed by cleansing, fertilizing rain.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 4210-4214
quote_or_summary: 'A smoke fills the whole earth, and three eclipses occur before
the last hour: east, west, and Arabia.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 4215-4219
quote_or_summary: Arabs return to ancient idols after faith declines; God sends
a cold fragrant wind from Syria Damascena that removes the faithful and the Koran,
leaving ignorance for a hundred years.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: citation
locator: lines 4219 footnotes in supplied passage
quote_or_summary: Footnotes in the supplied passage cite Isaiah 11:6; Ezekiel 39:9;
Revelation 20:8; Joel 2:30; Revelation 9:2; and Qur'an chapters 18, 21, and 44
in connection with listed signs.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; citation summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied line range. Motif labels and taxonomy
mappings are candidates and require human review, especially because the passage
is a translated/commentarial presentation of traditions and includes polemical
material.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No figures, objects, or comparisons were added beyond the supplied passage and its footnotes.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l4172-l4219
passage_sha256=21f6375774f231cda9d17dd8913f967c9a7b64cddabbad247a9c9366f7b4adc4