batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l39628-l39754
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l39628-l39754
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / FINIS / AN INDEX / OF THE; lines
39628-39754
start: '39628'
end: '39754'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: An index section listing topics, figures, places, and brief episode summaries
from Sale's Koran edition, including entries on Arafat, the Ark of Israel, Asia
wife of Pharaoh, Azral, Mohammed's heavenly journey, the Caaba, Cain and Abel,
the golden calf, the sacrificed cow, David, Dhu'lkarnein, and afterlife rewards
and punishments.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Mount Arafat is listed with an explanation of its name and a procession to
it.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The Ark of Israel is listed as having been taken by the Amalekites.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Arrows used for divination are listed as forbidden.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:4
text: Asia, wife of Pharaoh, is described as martyred by her husband for believing
in Moses, taken alive into paradise, and counted among four perfect women.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: Azral is identified as the angel of death and is connected with a story involving
Solomon.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: Abu Becr is listed as bearing testimony to the truth of Mohammed's journey
to heaven.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: The Caaba is listed as a place of worship built and cleansed by Abraham and
Ismael; a celestial model of the Caaba is also listed.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: Cain and Abel are listed with their sacrifices; Cain kills his brother and
is instructed by a raven to bury him.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: The golden calf is listed as made, animated, and worshipped by the Israelites.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: A dead body is listed as raised to life by a part of the sacrificed cow.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:11
text: David is listed as killing Goliath, showing extraordinary devotion, having
birds and mountains sing praises with him, making breastplates, repenting, and
judging with Solomon.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: Dhu'lkarnein is listed as building a wall to prevent incursions of Gog and
Magog.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: The blessed are listed with future happiness, while the damned and unbelievers
are listed with punitive drink or collars in the life to come.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:14
text: Al Arem is listed as an inundation, and Canaan is listed as an unbelieving
son of Noah.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:15
text: Babel is listed as a destroyed tower, and Balaam is listed with punishment
for cursing the Israelites.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: Religious figure whose death, heavenly journey, victory, wife, enemies,
and other actions are indexed in the passage.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Abu Becr
description: Attends Mohammed in flight from Mecca and bears testimony to Mohammed's
journey to heaven.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Asia
description: Wife of Pharaoh, martyred for believing in Moses and taken alive into
paradise.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Pharaoh
description: Husband of Asia who martyrs her according to the index entry.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Moses
description: Belief in Moses is the stated reason for Asia's martyrdom.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Azral
description: The angel of death, with an indexed account of why he was appointed
to that office.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Solomon
description: A figure associated with Azral, Asaf as vizir, Balkis, and judgment
with David.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Abraham
description: Listed as builder and cleanser of the Caaba with Ismael.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Ismael
description: Listed as builder and cleanser of the Caaba with Abraham.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Cain
description: Kills his brother after the sacrifices of Cain and Abel.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Abel
description: Brother killed by Cain after their sacrifices.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Raven
description: Instructs Cain to bury his brother.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Israelites
description: People associated with the golden calf, Balaam's curse, the cow sacrifice,
and other entries.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:12
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: David
description: Kills Goliath, is extraordinarily devout, is praised with birds and
mountains, makes breastplates, repents, and judges with Solomon.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:15
name_or_label: Dhu'lkarnein
description: Builds a wall to prevent incursions of Gog and Magog.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:16
name_or_label: Gog and Magog
description: Groups whose incursions are prevented by the wall built by Dhu'lkarnein.
role_refs:
- role:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:17
name_or_label: Balkis, queen of Saba
description: Visits Solomon, is received by him, and marries him.
role_refs:
- role:15
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:18
name_or_label: Balaam
description: Punished for cursing the Israelites.
role_refs:
- role:16
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
roles:
- id: role:1
label: heaven-journey figure
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The index notes Mohammed's journey to heaven.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:2
label: witness to heavenly journey
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Abu Becr bears testimony to the truth of Mohammed's journey to heaven.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:3
label: martyr and paradise-taken believer
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Asia is martyred for believing in Moses and taken alive into paradise.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:4
label: persecuting husband
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Pharaoh martyrs Asia, his wife, for her belief.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: angel of death
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Azral is explicitly identified as the angel of death.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: judge-associated royal figure
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Solomon is linked with judgment alongside David and receives Balkis, queen
of Saba.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: role:7
label: builders and cleansers of the Caaba
assigned_to:
- fig:8
- fig:9
basis: Abraham and Ismael are listed as having built and cleansed the Caaba.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:8
label: fratricide
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Cain kills his brother.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:9
label: slain brother
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: Abel is the brother killed by Cain.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:10
label: animal burial instructor
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: A raven instructs Cain to bury his brother.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:11
label: people associated with sacrifice and idolatry episodes
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: Israelites are linked to the sacrificed cow and golden calf entries.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:12
label: warrior, devotee, craftsman, and judge
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: David kills Goliath, displays devotion, makes breastplates, repents, and
judges with Solomon.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:13
label: barrier builder
assigned_to:
- fig:15
basis: Dhu'lkarnein builds a wall to prevent incursions.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:14
label: contained incursion force
assigned_to:
- fig:16
basis: Gog and Magog are the groups whose incursions the wall prevents.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:15
label: visiting queen and bride
assigned_to:
- fig:17
basis: Balkis, queen of Saba, visits Solomon and marries him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:16
label: punished curser
assigned_to:
- fig:18
basis: Balaam is punished for cursing the Israelites.
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Mount Arafat
literal_form: mountain
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: Ark of Israel
literal_form: ark
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:3
label: arrows for divination
literal_form: arrows
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:4
label: paradise waters
literal_form: fountain and river in paradise
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:5
label: Caaba and celestial model
literal_form: place of worship and its celestial model
associated_figures:
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:6
label: golden calf
literal_form: animated golden calf
associated_figures:
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:7
label: sacrificed cow
literal_form: cow ordered to be sacrificed; part of cow raises dead body
associated_figures:
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:8
label: protective wall
literal_form: wall against Gog and Magog
associated_figures:
- fig:15
- fig:16
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:9
label: birds and mountains praising with David
literal_form: birds and mountains
associated_figures:
- fig:14
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:10
label: punishments of the damned
literal_form: collars and drink of the damned
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:11
label: raven burial instructor
literal_form: raven
associated_figures:
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: testimony to Mohammed's heavenly journey
summary: Abu Becr is listed as testifying to the truth of Mohammed's journey to
heaven.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:2
label: Asia's martyrdom and entry into paradise
summary: Asia is martyred by Pharaoh for believing in Moses and is taken alive into
paradise.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: building and cleansing of the Caaba
summary: The Caaba is appointed for worship and is built and cleansed by Abraham
and Ismael; a celestial model is also indexed.
figure_refs:
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Cain and Abel sacrifices, killing, and burial instruction
summary: Cain and Abel offer sacrifices; Cain kills Abel and is instructed by a
raven to bury him.
figure_refs:
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:5
label: golden calf made and worshipped
summary: The golden calf is made, animated, and worshipped by the Israelites.
figure_refs:
- fig:13
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: scene:6
label: sacrificed cow and revived dead body
summary: A cow is ordered to be sacrificed, and a dead body is raised to life by
a part of that cow.
figure_refs:
- fig:13
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:7
label: David's heroic and devotional acts
summary: David kills Goliath, practices extraordinary devotion, is praised with
birds and mountains, makes breastplates, repents, and judges with Solomon.
figure_refs:
- fig:14
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:8
label: Dhu'lkarnein's wall against Gog and Magog
summary: Dhu'lkarnein builds a wall to prevent the incursions of Gog and Magog.
figure_refs:
- fig:15
- fig:16
symbol_refs:
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:9
label: afterlife happiness and punishment
summary: The blessed have future happiness, while the damned and unbelievers are
associated with punitive drink and collars in the life to come.
figure_refs: []
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:10
label: Balaam punished after cursing Israel
summary: Balaam is listed as punished for cursing the Israelites.
figure_refs:
- fig:18
- fig:13
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: heavenly ascent or journey to heaven
taxonomy_refs:
- ascent
basis: Mohammed's journey to heaven is explicitly indexed, with Abu Becr testifying
to it.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The index gives only a brief reference, not the full narrative.
- id: motif:2
label: martyr taken alive into paradise
taxonomy_refs:
- ascent
- divine_beloved
basis: Asia is martyred for belief and taken alive into paradise.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage does not elaborate how she is taken into paradise.
- id: motif:3
label: sacrifice and consequence
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
basis: Cain and Abel's sacrifices, the ordered cow sacrifice, and camels appointed
for sacrifice are all indexed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:13
confidence: high
cautions: Different sacrifice references may belong to separate contexts.
- id: motif:4
label: revival of the dead
taxonomy_refs:
- resurrection
- death_rebirth
basis: A dead body is raised to life by part of the sacrificed cow.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The index does not describe the full circumstances.
- id: motif:5
label: divine judgment in afterlife reward and punishment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The blessed, believers, damned, and unbelievers are indexed with future happiness,
sentences, collars, and drink of the damned.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The evidence is a thematic index summary rather than a continuous passage.
- id: motif:6
label: sacred vessel taken by enemies
taxonomy_refs:
- ark_vessel
basis: The Ark of Israel is listed as taken by the Amalekites.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage names the ark but gives no additional narrative detail.
- id: motif:7
label: destructive inundation
taxonomy_refs:
- flood_and_renewal
basis: Al Arem is listed as an inundation.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
confidence: low
cautions: The index does not state renewal or a full flood narrative in this excerpt.
- id: motif:8
label: sacred center with heavenly counterpart
taxonomy_refs:
- world_center
basis: The Caaba is appointed as a place of worship and a celestial model of the
Caaba is listed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The phrase 'world center' is not used in the passage; the motif assignment
rests on the place of worship and celestial model entries.
- id: motif:9
label: protective barrier against monstrous or hostile peoples
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Dhu'lkarnein builds a wall to prevent incursions of Gog and Magog.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names barrier-building or containment.
- id: motif:10
label: animal teaches burial rite
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: A raven instructs Cain to bury his slain brother.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The wisdom taxonomy fit is broad; the passage only states the raven's
instruction.
- id: motif:11
label: idolatrous animated image
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The golden calf is made, animated, and worshipped by the Israelites.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference specifically covers idolatrous images.
- id: motif:12
label: divination prohibited
taxonomy_refs:
- forbidden_knowledge
basis: Arrows for divination are listed as forbidden.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage gives only the index entry, without the underlying legal or
ritual discussion.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The indexed 'journey to heaven' aligns with the ascent motif family at the
level of motif function.
claim_level: same_motif
target: ascent motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The excerpt is an index entry and does not preserve the full journey
narrative.
- id: claim:2
claim: The dead body raised by a part of the sacrificed cow aligns with a resurrection
or revival-of-the-dead motif family.
claim_level: same_motif
target: resurrection motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The index gives a compressed reference only.
- id: claim:3
claim: Entries such as Cain and Abel, Babel, Balaam, David, the Ark of Israel, Israelites,
Jews, Christians, and Barnabas indicate overlap with nearby biblical and Jewish-Christian
narrative corpora at the level of named episodes and figures.
claim_level: same_motif
target: biblical and Jewish-Christian narrative corpus
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:9
- ev:12
- ev:14
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage is an English index and does not itself establish historical
transmission, only shared named figures and episodes.
- id: claim:4
claim: Dhu'lkarnein's wall against Gog and Magog fits a protective barrier or containment
pattern also known from traditions about Gog and Magog.
claim_level: same_function
target: Gog and Magog barrier-containment pattern
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage gives no external comparison and only states the index
summary.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: quote
locator: 39631-39636
quote_or_summary: '"Arafat, Mount"; "Ark of Israel taken by the Amalekites"; "Arrows
for divination forbidden".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: 39644-39649
quote_or_summary: '"Asia, the wife of Pharaoh, marytred by her husband for believing
in Moses... is taken alive into paradise"; "Azral, the angel of death".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: 39664-39670
quote_or_summary: '"Becr (Abu) attends Mohammed in his flight from Mecca" and "bears
testimony to the truth of Mohammed''s journey to heaven".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:4
type: quote
locator: 39657-39659
quote_or_summary: '"Balks, queen of Saba, visits Solomon, and her reception... marries
Solomon".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:5
type: quote
locator: 39694-39700, 39741
quote_or_summary: '"Al Caaba, appointed for a place of worship... built and cleansed
by Abraham and Ismael"; "Al Dorb, the celestial mode of the Caaba".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:6
type: quote
locator: 39702-39717
quote_or_summary: '"Cain and Abel, their sacrifices"; "Cain kills his brother";
"instructed by a raven to bury him"; "Cow ordered to be sacrificed"; "Dead body
raised to life by a part of the sacrificed Cow".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:7
type: quote
locator: 39704-39705
quote_or_summary: '"Calf, the golden, of what and by whom made... animated... worshipped
by the Israelites".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:8
type: quote
locator: 39678, 39712, 39740, 39754
quote_or_summary: '"Blessed, their future happiness described"; "Collars to be worn
by the unbelievers in the life to come"; "Drink of the damned".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:9
type: quote
locator: 39719-39724
quote_or_summary: '"DAVID kills Goliah"; "his extraordinary devotion"; "the birds
and mountains sing praises with him"; "makes breastplates"; "his and Solomon''s
judgment".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:10
type: quote
locator: 39730-39731
quote_or_summary: '"Dhu''lkarnein... builds a wall to prevent the incursions of
Gog and Magog".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:11
type: quote
locator: 39635, 39706
quote_or_summary: '"Al Arem, the inundation of"; "Canaan, an unbelieving son of
Noah".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:12
type: quote
locator: 39654-39656
quote_or_summary: '"Babel, the tower of, destroyed"; "Balaam, his punishment for
cursing the Israelites".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:13
type: quote
locator: 39705-39706
quote_or_summary: '"Camels... appointed for sacrifice".'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:14
type: quote
locator: 39660, 39719, 39750
quote_or_summary: The index references Barnabas's apocryphal gospel, David, and
Christians, alongside Jewish and Israelite materials elsewhere in the excerpt.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The source passage is an index rather than a continuous narrative. Motif
extraction is based on concise index summaries and therefore should be checked
against the referenced passages and notes.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. Spellings and names follow the passage where practical, including older transliterations and typographical forms.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l39628-l39754
passage_sha256=8bc46a910cb35e8282ed38799881cf283ff77e04163eccda4b1397478dc1dafd