Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l38412-l38514

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l38412-l38514

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l38412-l38514
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER LXXXVIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER LXXXIX.
    / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 38412-38514
  start: '38412'
  end: '38514'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage opens with oaths by daybreak, sacred nights, double and single,
    and night. It recalls how the Lord dealt with Ad/Irem, Thamud, and Pharaoh, who
    acted insolently and spread corruption. It says the Lord poured chastisement on
    them and watches human actions. It contrasts human reactions to prosperity and
    affliction, condemns neglect of orphans and the poor, greed for inheritance, and
    love of riches. It then describes the earth being ground to dust, the Lord coming
    with angels in ranks, hell being brought near, human regret, punishment and binding,
    and the restful soul being told to return to the Lord and enter paradise.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage begins with oaths by daybreak, ten nights, double and single,
    and the night as it comes on.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The Lord is said to have dealt with Ad, the people of Irem, who are described
    as adorned with lofty buildings.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Thamud are described as hewing rocks in the valley into houses.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Pharaoh is called the contriver of the stakes, and the named groups are described
    as having behaved insolently and multiplied corruption in the earth.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The Lord is said to have poured various kinds of chastisement on the insolent
    and corrupt groups and to observe human actions from a watch-tower.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: A human being tested by prosperity says the Lord honors him, while one tested
    by affliction and withheld provision says the Lord despises him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage condemns failure to honor the orphan, failure to encourage feeding
    the poor, greedy devouring of the inheritance of the weak, and strong love of
    riches.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage describes a future time when the earth will be ground to dust,
    the Lord will come, angels will stand rank by rank, and hell will be brought near.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: On that day, man will remember his evil deeds and wish he had done good works
    during his lifetime.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The restful soul is addressed and told to return to the Lord, enter among
    the Lord’s servants, and enter paradise.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: A translator note reports a commentary tradition in which Sheddd son of Ad
    built a garden in imitation of celestial paradise and was destroyed with his company
    by a terrible noise from heaven before reaching it.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: the Lord / God
  description: The divine figure who deals with past peoples, tests humans, observes
    actions, comes on the day of judgment, addresses the soul, and admits servants
    into paradise.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Ad / people of Irem
  description: A past people associated with Irem and lofty buildings.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Thamud
  description: A past people who hewed rocks in the valley into houses.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: Called the contriver of the stakes and grouped with those who acted
    insolently and multiplied corruption.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: man
  description: The human figure who reacts to prosperity and affliction, remembers
    evil deeds on the day of judgment, and regrets not having done good works.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: orphan
  description: A vulnerable person whom the audience is said not to honor.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: poor
  description: Persons whom the audience does not encourage one another to feed.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: weak
  description: Persons whose inheritance is devoured with greediness.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: angels
  description: Beings who appear rank by rank when the Lord comes in the judgment
    scene.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: the soul which is at rest
  description: A soul addressed as at rest and told to return to the Lord and enter
    paradise.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Sheddd son of Ad
  description: In the translator note, a monarch said to have built a garden in imitation
    of celestial paradise and to have been destroyed before reaching it.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The Lord punishes corrupt past peoples and presides over the day when deeds
    are remembered and punishment occurs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: tester and provider
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The Lord tries man by prosperity, honor, bounty, affliction, and withheld
    provision.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: receiver of the soul
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The soul is told to return to the Lord and enter paradise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: punished former power
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  basis: Ad/Irem, Thamud, and Pharaoh are cited as former groups or rulers associated
    with insolence, corruption, or divine punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: tested human
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Man is described as responding to prosperity and affliction as divine honor
    or divine contempt.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: regretful judged person
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: On the day of judgment, man remembers evil deeds and wishes he had done good
    works.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: neglected vulnerable person
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  basis: The passage identifies orphans, the poor, and the weak in connection with
    failures of honor, feeding, and protection of inheritance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:8
  label: ranked heavenly attendants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Angels are described as appearing rank by rank in the judgment scene.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: accepted soul
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The soul at rest is called well pleased and well pleasing, and is told to
    enter among servants and into paradise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: builder of imitative paradise
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The translator note says Sheddd made a garden in imitation of celestial paradise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: daybreak
  literal_form: daybreak invoked in an oath
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: ten nights
  literal_form: ten nights invoked in an oath
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: double and single
  literal_form: that which is double and that which is single, invoked in an oath
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:4
  label: night coming on
  literal_form: the night when it comes on, invoked in an oath
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:5
  label: lofty buildings of Irem
  literal_form: lofty buildings associated with Irem
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:6
  label: rock houses in the valley
  literal_form: rocks hewed in the valley into houses
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:7
  label: stakes of Pharaoh
  literal_form: stakes associated with Pharaoh
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:8
  label: watch-tower
  literal_form: watch-tower from which the Lord observes human actions
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:9
  label: earth ground to dust
  literal_form: the earth minutely ground to dust
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:10
  label: hell brought near
  literal_form: hell brought near on the day of remembrance
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:11
  label: bonds
  literal_form: bonds associated with punishment on that day
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:12
  label: paradise
  literal_form: paradise entered by the soul at rest
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:13
  label: imitative garden of Irem
  literal_form: a garden made in imitation of celestial paradise, according to the
    translator note
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Oaths by times and paired terms
  summary: The passage opens with an oath by daybreak, ten nights, double and single,
    and the night as it comes on.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Former peoples and divine chastisement
  summary: Ad/Irem, Thamud, and Pharaoh are named as former powers; they are associated
    with monumental works, insolence, corruption, and divine chastisement.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Human misreading of trial
  summary: Man interprets prosperity as divine honor and affliction as divine contempt,
    while the passage condemns social neglect and greed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Judgment and regret
  summary: The earth is ground to dust, the Lord comes with angels in ranks, hell
    is brought near, and man remembers evil deeds and regrets not having done good
    works.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  - sym:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Return of the restful soul
  summary: The soul at rest is told to return to the Lord, enter among the Lord’s
    servants, and enter paradise.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:6
  label: Commentarial garden imitating paradise
  summary: A translator note recounts that Sheddd built a garden in imitation of celestial
    paradise and was destroyed with his company by a heavenly noise before seeing
    it.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:13
  - sym:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine judgment on arrogant former powers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Ad/Irem, Thamud, and Pharaoh are cited as examples of those who behaved insolently,
    multiplied corruption, and received chastisement from the Lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives brief exempla rather than a full narrative of each people’s
    destruction.
- id: motif:2
  label: Final judgment with cosmic disruption, angels, hell, and regret
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The earth is ground to dust, the Lord comes, angels appear in ranks, hell
    is brought near, and man remembers evil deeds and expresses regret.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is eschatological and admonitory; it does not provide an extended
    sequence beyond these elements.
- id: motif:3
  label: Return of the accepted soul to divine paradise
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: The soul at rest is commanded to return to the Lord, enter among the Lord’s
    servants, and enter paradise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference 'return' is applicable only in the literal sense
    of the soul returning to the Lord; the passage does not frame it as a hero-return
    narrative.
- id: motif:4
  label: Moral trial by prosperity and affliction
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Man is tested by prosperity and affliction, and the passage links moral failure
    to neglect of orphans, the poor, and the weak, as well as greed for riches.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is an ethical-theological pattern rather than a narrative myth motif.
- id: motif:5
  label: Human imitation of celestial paradise followed by heavenly destruction
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The translator note reports a commentary tradition in which Sheddd built
    a garden imitating celestial paradise and was destroyed by a terrible noise from
    heaven before arriving there.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This motif derives from the translator’s note and cited commentators,
    not directly from the Qur'anic verse text in the passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: Within the translator note, Sheddd’s garden is explicitly presented as an
    imitation of celestial paradise.
  claim_level: visual_similarity
  target: celestial paradise
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is an intra-passage comparison in the note; it should not be treated
    as evidence of external historical contact or broad comparative inheritance.
- id: claim:2
  claim: Ad/Irem, Thamud, and Pharaoh function together as examples of former powers
    associated with insolence, corruption, and divine punishment.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: pattern of punished arrogant powers
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage groups them rhetorically but gives different details for
    each and does not narrate all their histories.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 38412-38514; Chapter LXXXIX opening oath
  quote_or_summary: "“BY the daybreak, and ten nights; by that which is double, and
    that which is single; and by the night when it cometh on”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for extraction evidence.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 38412-38514; Chapter LXXXIX, Ad/Irem and Thamud
  quote_or_summary: The Lord is said to have dealt with Ad, the people of Irem adorned
    with lofty buildings, and with Thamud, who hewed rocks in the valley into houses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 38412-38514; Chapter LXXXIX, Pharaoh and chastisement
  quote_or_summary: Pharaoh is called the contriver of the stakes; the named powers
    behaved insolently and multiplied corruption, so the Lord poured various chastisements
    on them and observes human actions from a watch-tower.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 38412-38514; Chapter LXXXIX, human trial
  quote_or_summary: Man, when tried by prosperity, honor, and bounty, says the Lord
    honors him; when tried by afflictions and withheld provisions, he says the Lord
    despises him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 38412-38514; Chapter LXXXIX, social failures
  quote_or_summary: The audience is reproached for not honoring the orphan, not encouraging
    feeding the poor, devouring the inheritance of the weak, and loving riches greatly.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 38412-38514; Chapter LXXXIX, judgment scene
  quote_or_summary: When the earth is ground to dust, the Lord comes, angels stand
    rank by rank, hell is brought near, and man remembers evil deeds and wishes he
    had done good works; punishment and bonds are mentioned.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: lines 38412-38514; Chapter LXXXIX closing address to the soul
  quote_or_summary: "“O thou soul which art at rest, return unto thy LORD... enter
    among my servants; and enter my paradise.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for extraction evidence.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 38412-38514; translator note b on Irem
  quote_or_summary: The note says commentators relate the passage to Sheddd son of
    Ad, who made a garden in imitation of celestial paradise in the deserts of Aden;
    when he approached it with his company, they were destroyed by a terrible noise
    from heaven.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Main textual extraction is straightforward. Motif assignments are cautious
    because the passage is brief and includes translator notes alongside the translated
    Qur'anic text.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No taxonomy symbol refs were assigned because the supplied symbol list does not include the passage’s main literal symbols such as daybreak, night, hell, paradise, rocks, stakes, or watch-tower.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l38412-l38514
  passage_sha256=d3a910d08b243da78ce55d8450cd224796423055ced7734a93596a6f200f3f8f