Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l37250-l37280

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l37250-l37280

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l37250-l37280
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: ENTITLED, THE GENII; REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL
    GOD. / CHAPTER LXXIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 37250-37280
  start: '37250'
  end: '37280'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Commentarial notes explain difficult Qur'anic precepts, the suitability
    of night for meditation, prayer, and attentive reading of God's word, a polemical
    alternative reading by Marracci, infernal punishments involving the tree al Zakkum
    and corruption from the damned, the easing or abrogation of prolonged night devotion,
    and the merit of good deeds performed during life.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage describes Qur'anic precepts as heavy and difficult for those obliged
    to observe them, especially for the prophet responsible for his people observing
    them.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The nighttime is described as especially suitable for meditation, prayer,
    and distinct attentive reading of God's word because of the absence of distractions.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Marracci is reported as offering a sexualized Latin paraphrase of the night-season
    explanation, which the note criticizes as ridicule.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Infernal food or punishment is described with thorns, thistles, the fruit
    of the infernal tree al Zakkum, and corruption flowing from the bodies of the
    damned.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: A later explanation says the obligation of night reading and prayer was made
    easier because some Moslems watched the whole night until their legs and feet
    swelled.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The commentators add that dedicating part of the night to devotion was abrogated
    by the institution of five hours of prayer.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Good deeds done during one's lifetime are said to be more meritorious before
    God than good deferred until death and ordered by will.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: Divine figure whose word is read and in whose sight good deeds have
    merit.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: the prophet
  description: The prophet is described as especially burdened by the precepts because
    of his care that his people observe them.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Moslems observing night devotion
  description: Some Moslems are described as spending the whole night in reading and
    praying, standing and walking until their legs and feet swelled.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: the damned
  description: Bodies of the damned are described as producing corruption associated
    with infernal punishment.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Marracci
  description: A commentator who is reported as giving a sexualized paraphrase of
    the night-season explanation.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: commentators
  description: Commentators are cited for explanations of night devotion and its abrogation
    by five hours of prayer.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God's word is the object of devotional reading, and merit is evaluated in
    God's sight.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: responsible prophet
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The prophet is described as caring that his people observe the precepts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: night devotees
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Some Moslems keep night vigil in reading and prayer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: damned sufferers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The damned are named in connection with infernal corruption.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: polemical interpreter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Marracci is reported as reinterpreting the passage in a sexualized way, criticized
    by the note.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: exegetical authorities
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Commentators supply explanations of nighttime devotion and abrogation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: nighttime
  literal_form: the nighttime or first hours of the night
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: God's word
  literal_form: reading God's word distinctly and with attention
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: infernal tree al Zakkum
  literal_form: the fruit of the infernal tree al Zakkum
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: thorns and thistles
  literal_form: thorns and thistles
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: five hours of prayer
  literal_form: the institution of the five hours of prayer
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Night as devotional time
  summary: The note explains night as a fitting time for meditation, prayer, and attentive
    reading because distracting noise and objects are absent.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Infernal punishment imagery
  summary: The note lists thorns, thistles, the fruit of al Zakkum, and corruption
    from the damned as infernal elements.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Easing the night-vigil obligation
  summary: The note says the duty of counting and spending night hours in reading
    and prayer was made easier, after some Moslems kept vigil all night, and was later
    considered abrogated by five hours of prayer.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: night vigil for prayer and sacred reading
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage presents night as the proper time for meditation, prayer, and
    attentive reading of God's word, and describes believers keeping night vigil.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy link to wisdom is broad; the passage is exegetical commentary
    rather than a narrative myth.
- id: motif:2
  label: infernal punishment through dreadful food and corruption
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Infernal elements include thorns, thistles, fruit of the infernal tree al
    Zakkum, and corruption flowing from the bodies of the damned.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives a brief explanatory note, not a full judgment scene.
- id: motif:3
  label: religious burden eased by later dispensation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The note describes a demanding devotional precept and an easing or abrogation
    of the night-vigil requirement through the institution of five hours of prayer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The covenant taxonomy fit is indirect; the passage frames this as legal
    or devotional interpretation.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37250-37253
  quote_or_summary: The precepts in the Koran are described as heavy and difficult
    for observers, especially the prophet, who must see that his people observe them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37254-37259
  quote_or_summary: The note explains the night, especially early hours, as proper
    for meditation, prayer, and attentive reading of God's word because distractions
    are absent.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37260-37267
  quote_or_summary: Marracci is said to reinterpret the night-season explanation in
    sexual terms, and the note criticizes this as a way to make the book ridiculous.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 37268-37270
  quote_or_summary: '"As thorns and thistles, the fruit of the infernal tree al Zakkm,
    and the corruption flowing from the bodies of the damned."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37271-37277
  quote_or_summary: The note says the obligation of counting night hours for reading
    and prayer was made easy; some Moslems watched all night until their legs and
    feet swelled, and commentators say this devotion was abrogated by the five hours
    of prayer.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37278-37280
  quote_or_summary: Good done during life is said to be more meritorious before God
    than good deferred until death and ordered by will.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is straightforward, but motif-family assignments are broad
    because the passage is commentary rather than narrative myth. No comparison claims
    were made because the passage does not itself support a comparative claim.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  The passage is primarily exegetical and polemical commentary; motifs are therefore recorded cautiously.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l37250-l37280
  passage_sha256=a2c59ee941649b370dbb074d79cc51d5cdaca79b213dd22a2d5f556caf298e03