Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l37160-l37248

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l37160-l37248

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l37160-l37248
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: ENTITLED, THE GENII; REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL
    GOD. / CHAPTER LXXIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 37160-37248
  start: '37160'
  end: '37248'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: O THOU wrapped up, arise to prayer, and continue therein during the night
  summary: The addressed wrapped figure is commanded to pray and recite the Koran
    at night, bear a weighty revelation, endure opponents, and trust the Lord. The
    passage warns deniers of fetters, fire, choking food, torment, cosmic upheaval,
    and the precedent of Pharaoh's punishment. It ends by easing the burden of prolonged
    night prayer and urging recitation, prayer, alms, a loan to God, and forgiveness.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A wrapped-up addressee is commanded to rise for prayer during much of the
    night and to recite the Koran distinctly.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The speaker says a weighty word will be laid on the addressee.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Night rising is described as especially effective for steadfast devotion and
    proper pronunciation.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The addressee is commanded to commemorate the Lord's name, separate himself
    to the Lord, and take the Lord as patron.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The addressee is told to endure the insults of unbelievers and depart from
    them decently.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Those who charge the Koran with falsehood are said to enjoy the blessings
    of this life for a while.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: 'Punitive objects and experiences are listed: heavy fetters, burning fire,
    choking food, and painful torment.'
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: On a certain day the earth and mountains will be shaken, and the mountains
    will become a heap of poured-out sand.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: An apostle is said to have been sent to the audience as a witness, just as
    an apostle was sent to Pharaoh.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Pharaoh disobeyed the apostle and was chastised heavily.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: A day is described that will make children gray-headed through terror and
    will rend heaven asunder.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: The passage identifies itself as an admonition and says the willing person
    will take the way to the Lord.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: The Lord knows that the addressee and some companions pray and meditate for
    varying portions of the night.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:14
  text: The burden of exact night observance is eased because God knows people cannot
    exactly compute night and day and because some are infirm, traveling for livelihood,
    or fighting in defense of the faith.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:15
  text: The audience is instructed to recite what is easy, observe prayer times, pay
    alms, lend God an acceptable loan, send good before their souls, and ask forgiveness.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:16
  text: A translator's note reports traditions that Mohammed was wrapped in garments
    when revelation came, with mention of Gabriel's appearance and variant explanations.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: The wrapped-up addressee
  description: The figure addressed as wrapped up and commanded to pray, recite, endure
    opposition, and receive a weighty word; the note identifies him as Mohammed.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: The Lord / God
  description: The speaker and divine figure described as Lord of east and west, sole
    God, patron, measurer of night and day, judge, forgiver, and merciful.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Those who charge the Koran with falsehood
  description: Opponents who deny the Koran and enjoy present-life blessings for a
    while.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: The apostle sent unto Pharaoh
  description: An apostle sent to Pharaoh, whom Pharaoh disobeyed.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: A ruler who disobeyed the apostle and was punished with heavy chastisement.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Companions with the addressee
  description: Some companions who also continue in prayer and meditation during portions
    of the night.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Infirm, travelers, and fighters among the audience
  description: 'Groups named as reasons for easing the exact burden of night recitation:
    the infirm, those traveling through the earth for God''s bounty, and those fighting
    in defense of God''s faith.'
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: In the translator's note, Gabriel appears in one explanation of why
    Mohammed was wrapped up when revelation was brought.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: night worshipper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The addressee is commanded to arise to prayer and continue during the night.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: recipient of weighty word
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says a weighty word will be laid on him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: enduring prophet-like addressee
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He is told to endure insults and is associated by the note with Mohammed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: divine speaker and patron
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The Lord is named as patron and sole God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: judge and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage attributes fetters, fire, torment, and chastisement to the divine
    side.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: merciful forgiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The end says God is ready to forgive and merciful.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: deniers of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They charge the Koran with falsehood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: messenger to Pharaoh
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: An apostle was sent unto Pharaoh.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: disobedient ruler punished as warning
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Pharaoh disobeyed the apostle and was chastised.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:10
  label: fellow practitioners
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Some companions continue in prayer and meditation with the addressee.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:11
  label: persons for whom devotional burden is eased
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Their infirmity, travel, or fighting are given as reasons for easier recitation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:12
  label: revelation-associated angel in note
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The note mentions Gabriel's appearance when revelation was brought.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: wrapped garment
  literal_form: The wrapped-up state of the addressee, explained in the note as garments,
    a mantle, or rug.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: night vigil
  literal_form: Prayer, meditation, and recitation during the night or portions of
    it.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
- id: sym:3
  label: weighty word
  literal_form: A 'weighty word' laid on the addressee.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: burning fire
  literal_form: Burning fire among the punishments kept with the divine speaker.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: heavy fetters
  literal_form: Heavy fetters listed with punishments.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: choking food
  literal_form: Food ready to choke the one who swallows it.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:7
  label: shaken mountains becoming sand
  literal_form: Mountains shaken and turned into a heap of poured-out sand.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: rent heaven
  literal_form: Heaven rent in sunder by the day of terror.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:9
  label: children made gray-headed
  literal_form: Children becoming gray-headed through terror on the day of judgment.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:10
  label: acceptable loan to God
  literal_form: Good deeds or alms described as lending unto God an acceptable loan.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Night prayer and recitation command
  summary: The wrapped-up addressee is instructed to rise at night for prayer, recite
    the Koran distinctly, and prepare for a weighty word.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Devotional separation and endurance of opponents
  summary: The addressee is told to remember the Lord, renounce worldly vanities,
    take God as patron, endure insults from unbelievers, and depart from them decently.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Punishment and cosmic terror
  summary: Deniers are warned of fetters, fire, choking food, torment, a shaken earth,
    mountains reduced to sand, terrified children, and a riven heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Pharaoh precedent
  summary: The audience is told that an apostle has been sent to them as a witness,
    just as an apostle was sent to Pharaoh, and that Pharaoh was punished for disobedience.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Easing of night observance and devotional obligations
  summary: God acknowledges varying night prayer among the addressee and companions,
    eases the burden of exact recitation, and commands prayer, alms, good deeds as
    a loan to God, and seeking forgiveness.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: night vigil and devotional withdrawal
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: The addressee is commanded to pray and recite at night, commemorate the Lord,
    and separate himself from worldly vanities.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage gives devotional commands; classification as mystical quest
    is interpretive and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:2
  label: burden of revelation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage says a weighty word will be laid on the addressee and commands
    careful recitation of the Koran.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference to wisdom is broad; the passage itself emphasizes
    revelation as a heavy charge rather than a wisdom quest.
- id: motif:3
  label: divine judgment with punitive torments
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Deniers are warned of fetters, burning fire, choking food, painful torment,
    and inescapable terror.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: No caution beyond the passage's explicitly eschatological warning language.
- id: motif:4
  label: cosmic upheaval on the promised day
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The earth and mountains are shaken, mountains become sand, children are terrified,
    and heaven is rent asunder.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The imagery is tied to judgment in this passage; it should not be generalized
    to a separate creation or chaos myth without further evidence.
- id: motif:5
  label: disobedient ruler punished as warning
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Pharaoh disobeys the apostle sent to him and is chastised; this functions
    as a warning to the present audience.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives only a brief allusion to Pharaoh and does not narrate
    the full story.
- id: motif:6
  label: sacred exchange through alms and loan to God
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The audience is told to pay legal alms, lend God an acceptable loan, and
    find the good sent before their souls with God as a greater reward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The phrase 'loan' is theological and devotional rather than a literal
    commercial exchange.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly compares the apostle sent to the present audience
    with the apostle sent to Pharaoh; both function as divinely sent witnesses or
    warners whose rejection brings judgment.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: the apostle sent unto Pharaoh and the apostle sent to the audience
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage provides only a compressed comparison and does not identify
    the present apostle by name within the quoted verses.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 37160-37248, opening command
  quote_or_summary: '"O THOU wrapped up" is commanded to arise for night prayer and
    recite the Koran with a distinct, sonorous voice.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37160-37248, devotional instruction
  quote_or_summary: The Lord will lay a weighty word on the addressee; night rising
    aids devotion and pronunciation; the addressee is told to remember the Lord, separate
    himself to him, and take him as patron.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37160-37248, verse marked 10 and following
  quote_or_summary: The addressee is told to suffer the insults of unbelievers, depart
    from them decently, and leave to God those who charge the Koran with falsehood
    while enjoying this life for a while.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 37160-37248, punishment warning
  quote_or_summary: Punishments are listed as "heavy fetters," "a burning fire," choking
    food, and painful torment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37160-37248, cosmic shaking and Pharaoh comparison
  quote_or_summary: On a certain day the earth and mountains will be shaken and mountains
    become poured-out sand; an apostle is sent to the audience as one was sent to
    Pharaoh, who disobeyed and was heavily chastised.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37160-37248, promised day and admonition
  quote_or_summary: A day is described as making children gray-headed through terror
    and rending heaven; the passage calls this an admonition and says the willing
    will take the way to the Lord.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37160-37248, final easing and obligations
  quote_or_summary: The Lord knows the addressee and companions keep varying portions
    of the night in prayer; exact observance is eased, and the audience is commanded
    to recite what is easy, pray, pay alms, lend God an acceptable loan, do good,
    and seek forgiveness.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 37160-37248, Sale note g
  quote_or_summary: The note explains traditions about the epithet 'wrapped up,' including
    Mohammed wrapped in garments and frightened at Gabriel's appearance, or sleeping
    or praying under a mantle or rug.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is mostly direct from the supplied passage. Motif labels
    involving mystical quest or wisdom are broader interpretive mappings and need
    review.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage text and metadata. The supplied locator label mentions 'THE GENII,' but the passage text is Chapter LXXIII, 'THE WRAPPED UP'; this discrepancy is noted without altering the provided locator.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l37160-l37248
  passage_sha256=d19150d5cb1902b4539a1eb526b8758f3f7afe8fd8543600ac216eb236611408