Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l35818-l35898

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l35818-l35898

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l35818-l35898
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER LIX. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER LX. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 35818-35898
  start: '35818'
  end: '35898'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage warns believers not to make secret friendship with hostile
    unbelievers, presents Abraham and his companions as an example of renouncing idolatry,
    distinguishes just treatment of non-hostile outsiders from forbidden alliance
    with hostile dispossessors, and gives rules for testing believing women refugees
    and settling marriage dowers. It also refers to resurrection, divine assembly,
    and God's judgment.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Believers are told not to take God's enemy and their enemy as friends or privately
    show friendship to them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: God is described as knowing what people conceal and what they disclose.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The hostile group is said to have rejected the truth, expelled the apostle
    and believers from their native city, and to desire that the believers become
    unbelievers.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: On the day of resurrection, kindred and children are said not to avail the
    believers, and separation from one another is said to occur.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Abraham and those with him are presented as an excellent pattern when they
    renounce their people and the idols worshipped besides God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Abraham's promise to ask pardon for his father is marked as an exception to
    the example being followed.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The believers pray that they not be put to trial by unbelievers and ask God
    for forgiveness.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage allows kindness and justice toward those who have not fought the
    believers because of religion or expelled them from their homes.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage forbids friendship with those who have fought the believers because
    of religion, dispossessed them, or assisted in dispossessing them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: Believing women who come as refugees are to be tried; if known as true believers,
    they are not to be sent back to the infidels.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: Marriage and dowry restitution rules are given for believing refugee women,
    unbelieving husbands, and wives who go over to unbelievers.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The Lord addressed in prayer and described as knowing, seeing, powerful,
    forgiving, merciful, mighty, wise, self-sufficient, praiseworthy, and the establisher
    of judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: true believers
  description: The addressed community instructed about enemies, Abraham's example,
    outsiders, and refugee women.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: God's enemy and the believers' enemy
  description: A hostile unbelieving group associated with rejecting the truth, expelling
    the apostle and believers, and desiring the believers' unbelief.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: the apostle
  description: The apostle is said to have been expelled from the believers' native
    city.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: A model figure who renounces his people and their idols, trusts in
    God, and speaks of being assembled before God.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: those who were with Abraham
  description: Companions of Abraham included in the excellent pattern of renouncing
    the people and idols worshipped besides God.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Abraham's father
  description: The recipient of Abraham's stated intention to beg pardon, while Abraham
    says he cannot obtain anything from God on his behalf.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: believing women refugees
  description: Women who come to the believers as refugees and are to be tried for
    sincerity of faith.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: unbelieving husbands
  description: Former husbands of believing refugee women, to whom what they expended
    for dowers is to be given.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine judge and lord
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is invoked as Lord, described as knowing and wise, and his judgment is
    established among the community.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: addressed faithful community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The commands are repeatedly addressed to true believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: hostile unbelieving enemy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The group rejects the truth, has expelled the apostle and believers, and
    is described as hostile if victorious.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: expelled apostle
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The apostle is named among those expelled from the native city.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: exemplary renouncer of idolatry
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  basis: Abraham and those with him are called an excellent pattern when they renounce
    the people and idols worshipped besides God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: kinsman excluded from intercessory power
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Abraham says he will beg pardon for his father but cannot obtain anything
    of God on his behalf.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: tested refugee believer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Believing women refugees are to be tried, and if known as true believers
    are not to be returned.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: recipient of dowry restitution
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The passage instructs that unbelieving husbands be given what they expended
    for dowers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: idols worshipped besides God
  literal_form: idols
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: straight path
  literal_form: path image used for right conduct
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: day of resurrection
  literal_form: eschatological day of separation
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: dowers
  literal_form: marriage payments to be returned or paid
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Warning against alliance with hostile enemies
  summary: Believers are warned not to make friends with hostile unbelievers who rejected
    the truth and expelled the apostle and believers; God knows hidden and open actions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Abraham's exemplary renunciation
  summary: Abraham and his companions declare themselves clear of their people and
    the idols worshipped besides God, express trust in God, and look toward assembly
    before God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Eschatological separation
  summary: The passage states that kindred and children will not avail the believers
    on the day of resurrection, which will separate them from one another.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:4
  label: Rules for hostile and non-hostile outsiders
  summary: The passage permits kindness and justice toward outsiders who have not
    fought or expelled the believers, while forbidding friendship with those who have
    fought and dispossessed them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Testing refugee women and settling dowers
  summary: Believing women refugees are examined for faith, not returned to unbelievers
    if sincere, and marriage and dowry payments are regulated as God's judgment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: final divine judgment and resurrection separation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - resurrection
  basis: The passage refers to the day of resurrection, separation from kin, assembly
    before God, and God's judgment established among the community.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is legal and exhortative as well as eschatological; the motif
    is present through explicit resurrection and judgment language.
- id: motif:2
  label: exemplary ancestor renounces idolatrous people
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Abraham and those with him are presented as an excellent pattern for declaring
    separation from their people and from idols worshipped besides God until belief
    in God alone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: No specific available taxonomy reference directly covers this Abrahamic
    exemplar pattern.
- id: motif:3
  label: trial of newcomers for sincere faith
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Believing women who arrive as refugees are to be tried, with God knowing
    their faith, before communal and marital decisions are made.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The trial is a legal examination rather than a mythic initiation episode.
- id: motif:4
  label: sacred regulation of reciprocal marriage payments
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Dowry restitution and new dowries are prescribed and called the judgment
    of God established among the believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The exchange is a juridical marital rule; the broader sacred-exchange
    taxonomy fit is tentative.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage fits the divine judgment and resurrection motif families by explicitly
    presenting a day of resurrection, separation from kin, assembly before God, and
    God's established judgment.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: 'available taxonomy motif families: divine_judgment; resurrection'
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is a taxonomy-level comparison only; the passage does not narrate
    a detailed afterlife journey.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The dowry restitution rules have the function of a sacredly authorized exchange
    because the reciprocal payments are grounded in God's judgment.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: 'available taxonomy motif family: sacred_exchange'
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage frames the matter as communal law, not as a mythic exchange
    episode.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 35818-35898, opening commands of Chapter LX
  quote_or_summary: Believers are warned not to take God's enemy and their enemy as
    friends, because the group disbelieved the truth and expelled the apostle and
    believers; God knows what is concealed and disclosed, and such conduct strays
    from the straight path.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 35818-35898, warning about enemies and resurrection
  quote_or_summary: If the enemies prevail, they will act against the believers and
    desire their unbelief; kindred and children will not avail on the day of resurrection,
    which separates people from one another.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 35818-35898, Abraham example
  quote_or_summary: Abraham and those with him are called an excellent pattern when
    they renounce their people and the idols worshipped besides God; Abraham's statement
    about asking pardon for his father is excepted, and the prayer states trust in
    God and future assembly before him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 35818-35898, prayer and repeated example
  quote_or_summary: The believers pray not to be put to trial by unbelievers and ask
    forgiveness; the text again states that they have an excellent example for whoever
    hopes in God and the last day.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 35818-35898, permission for kindness and justice
  quote_or_summary: God may establish friendship between the believers and present
    enemies; the passage does not forbid kindness and justice toward those who did
    not fight them over religion or expel them from dwellings.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 35818-35898, prohibition regarding hostile dispossessors
  quote_or_summary: The passage forbids friendship with those who bore arms against
    the believers on account of religion, dispossessed them of homes, or assisted
    in dispossession.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 35818-35898, verse marked 10 and following
  quote_or_summary: Believing women who come as refugees are to be tried; if true
    believers, they are not to be returned to infidels. The passage regulates marriage
    lawfulness and dowry reimbursement, calling this the judgment of God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal extraction is strong for the translated passage. Motif classification
    is clearest for resurrection and divine judgment; sacred exchange and newcomer
    trial are more tentative because the passage is primarily legal and exhortative.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Translator notes in the supplied passage give an occasion-of-revelation narrative, but this record focuses on the main translated passage content for motif extraction.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l35818-l35898
  passage_sha256=0a12867d10039d8867388756b31fc0e4bd8d199375b62c987eb97c44ad4d63c2