Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l34760-l34864

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l34760-l34864

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l34760-l34864
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER LIV. / ENTITLED, THE MOON;
    REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 34760-34864
  start: '34760'
  end: '34864'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: THE hour of judgment approacheth; and the moon hath been split in sunder
  summary: The passage announces the approach of judgment, describes unbelievers dismissing
    a sign, depicts mankind rising from graves at the summons, and recounts punishments
    of earlier peoples who rejected prophets, including the flood in Noah's time,
    the wind sent against Ad, and the rejection by Thamud.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage states that the hour of judgment approaches and that the moon
    has been split in sunder.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Unbelievers see a sign, turn aside, and call it a powerful charm.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Mankind is described as coming forth from graves with downcast looks and as
    numerous as scattered locusts.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The people of Noah accuse Noah of imposture and call him a madman.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Noah calls upon his Lord, saying that he is overpowered and asking for avenging
    action.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Water pours from the gates of heaven and springs break forth from the earth
    until the waters meet according to an established decree.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Noah is borne on a vessel made of planks and nails, moving under divine regard.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The vessel is left as a sign.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: Ad charges its prophet with imposture and is struck by a roaring or cold wind.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: The wind carries men away like palm-tree roots torn up.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: Thamud rejects admonitions and questions whether they should follow a single
    man among them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / LORD
  description: The divine speaker who announces judgment, opens heaven, causes earth
    to produce springs, bears Noah on the vessel, sends wind against Ad, and speaks
    of vengeance and threatening.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Unbelievers
  description: Those who see a sign, turn aside, call it a charm, accuse Mohammed
    of imposture, follow their own lusts, and later say the judgment day is a day
    of distress.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: The addressed prophet whom the unbelievers accuse of imposture.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: The summoner
  description: The figure who summons mankind to judgment; a note identifies this
    as the angel Israfil.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Mankind from the graves
  description: People who come forth from their graves with downcast looks and hasten
    in terror to the summoner.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Noah
  description: A prophet and servant accused of imposture by his people; he calls
    upon the LORD and is borne on the vessel.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: The people of Noah
  description: The people who accuse Noah of imposture, call him a madman, and reject
    him with reproach.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Ad
  description: A people who charge their prophet with imposture and are punished by
    a roaring or cold wind.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Prophet of Ad
  description: The unnamed prophet whom Ad charges with imposture.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Thamud
  description: A people who charge admonitions with falsehood and refuse to follow
    a single man among them.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Single man among Thamud
  description: The unnamed admonishing figure whom Thamud calls a liar and insolent
    fellow.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Divine judge and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The divine speaker announces judgment and describes acts of punishment against
    rejecting peoples.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: role:2
  label: Rejected messenger or prophet
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  basis: Mohammed, Noah, the prophet of Ad, and the admonishing figure among Thamud
    are each associated with accusation, rejection, or refusal by their people.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:3
  label: Rejecters of warning
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  basis: These groups are described as dismissing signs, accusing prophets, or charging
    admonitions with falsehood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:4
  label: Eschatological summoner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The summoner calls mankind to judgment; the note identifies this summoner
    as the angel Israfil.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
- id: role:5
  label: Resurrected humanity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Mankind comes forth from graves and hastens toward the summoner.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: Saved recipient of divine protection
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Noah is carried on a vessel under divine regard after calling upon the LORD.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Split moon
  literal_form: The moon split in sunder near the approach of judgment.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Sign dismissed as charm
  literal_form: A sign seen by unbelievers and called a powerful charm.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: Graves
  literal_form: Graves from which mankind comes forth at the summons.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: Scattered locusts
  literal_form: The multitude from the graves is compared to locusts scattered far
    abroad.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: Flood waters
  literal_form: Water pouring from heaven and springs breaking from earth until the
    waters meet.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: Vessel of planks and nails
  literal_form: A vessel composed of planks and nails, bearing Noah and later left
    as a sign.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: Roaring wind
  literal_form: A roaring or cold wind sent against Ad.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: Uprooted palm-tree roots
  literal_form: Men carried away as though they were roots of palm-trees forcibly
    torn up.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Approach of judgment and the split moon
  summary: The passage announces the approach of judgment and says that the moon has
    been split in sunder; a note reports alternative interpretations as a past sign
    or future resurrection event.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Unbelievers reject the sign and the messenger
  summary: Unbelievers see a sign, dismiss it as a charm, accuse Mohammed of imposture,
    and follow their own lusts.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Summons from the graves
  summary: The summoner calls mankind; people come forth from graves, downcast and
    numerous as scattered locusts, and hasten in terror to the summons.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
- id: scene:4
  label: Noah's rejection and flood deliverance
  summary: Noah is accused and rejected, calls on the LORD, and is borne on a vessel
    after waters pour from heaven and burst from the earth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Ad punished by wind
  summary: Ad rejects its prophet, and a roaring or cold wind carries men away like
    uprooted palm-tree roots.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Thamud rejects admonition
  summary: Thamud rejects admonitions, refuses to follow a single man, and calls him
    a liar and insolent fellow.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Approaching divine judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage explicitly announces the hour of judgment and repeatedly describes
    divine vengeance and threats against rejecting peoples.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The extraction uses only this passage's explicit judgment language and
    examples.
- id: motif:2
  label: Resurrection and summons from graves
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: Mankind comes forth from graves and hastens in terror to the summoner on
    the day of distress.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the event as judgment summons rather than a detailed
    afterlife journey.
- id: motif:3
  label: Flood punishment and vessel deliverance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - flood_and_renewal
  - ark_vessel
  basis: Water descends from heaven and bursts from the earth, while Noah is borne
    on a vessel of planks and nails that is left as a sign.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes punishment, rescue, and sign; renewal after the
    flood is not described in this excerpt.
- id: motif:4
  label: Rejected warner followed by punishment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Noah's people, Ad, and Thamud each reject or accuse a messenger or admonition,
    and the surrounding passage frames these rejections with divine vengeance or warning.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Thamud's punishment is not included within the provided line range, so
    the repeated pattern is only partly shown for that group.
- id: motif:5
  label: Wisdom as admonition
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The message is called consummate wisdom, and the passage repeats that the
    Koran has been made easy for admonition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is an instructional and theological motif rather than a developed
    narrative episode in the excerpt.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: Within the passage, the stories of Noah, Ad, and Thamud function as repeated
    examples of peoples rejecting a prophet or admonition and being placed under divine
    warning or punishment.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Internal pattern of rejected warners and divine judgment in Chapter LIV
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The Thamud episode is truncated in the supplied passage before any
    punishment is narrated, so the pattern is clearest for Noah and Ad.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 34760-34787
  quote_or_summary: "“THE hour of judgment approacheth; and the moon hath been split
    in sunder”; the note reports interpretations as a miracle-sign or as a future
    resurrection sign."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34788-34796
  quote_or_summary: Unbelievers see a sign, call it a powerful charm, accuse Mohammed
    of imposture, and a message of warning and wisdom is said to have come to them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34797-34805
  quote_or_summary: The summoner calls mankind; they come from graves with downcast
    looks, numerous as scattered locusts, and hasten in terror, while unbelievers
    call it a day of distress.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34806-34810
  quote_or_summary: The people of Noah accuse their prophet and servant of imposture,
    call him mad, reject him with reproach, and Noah calls on the LORD because he
    is overpowered.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34811-34813
  quote_or_summary: The gates of heaven are opened with pouring water, the earth breaks
    forth into springs, and the waters of heaven and earth meet according to an established
    decree.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34814-34816
  quote_or_summary: Noah is borne on a vessel composed of planks and nails, moving
    under divine regard, as recompense for one who had been rejected.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34817-34821
  quote_or_summary: The vessel is left as a sign; the passage asks whether anyone
    is warned and repeats that the Koran has been made easy for admonition.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34822-34830
  quote_or_summary: Ad charges its prophet with imposture; a roaring or cold wind
    is sent against them and carries men away like palm-tree roots torn up.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 34831-34840
  quote_or_summary: Thamud charges admonitions with falsehood and says it would be
    error and madness to follow a single man among them, calling him a liar and insolent
    fellow.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: note
  locator: note h within lines 34841-34864
  quote_or_summary: The note explains that the summoner is the angel Israfil calling
    men to judgment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is explicit about judgment, resurrection summons, flood, vessel,
    and the repeated rejection of warners. Motif assignment is strongest where taxonomy
    terms directly match; comparison claim is limited to an internal repeated function
    in the excerpt.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used; no external comparisons or taxonomy identifiers beyond the provided lists were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l34760-l34864
  passage_sha256=991da5871b1eccb25e009876b1af225c333dac71e58b9133c0852b80dc890d1d