batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l3425-l3470
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l3425-l3470
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: PRELIMINARY DISCOURSE / SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III; lines 3425-3470
start: '3425'
end: '3470'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage describes Sale''s account of Islam''s setting and purpose:
Arabia is portrayed as religiously mixed; the central doctrine is the unity of
God; Mohammed is presented as prophet, ambassador, and final prophet after Moses
and Jesus; the Koran is said to contain examples of divine punishments for rejecting
messengers, laws, moral admonitions, and occasional passages tied to particular
emergencies.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Arabia is described as containing idolaters, Jews, and Christians living among
one another.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: God is described as eternal, invisible, creator, governor, judge, and lord
of creation.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: The passage says religion is established with laws, ceremonial signs, and
rewards and punishments, both temporal and eternal.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Mohammed is described as prophet and ambassador of God, and as one who would
establish and propagate God's religion on earth.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: The passage identifies the unity of God as the great doctrine of the Koran
and says restoring this doctrine was presented as Mohammed's chief mission.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: The passage says the same orthodox religion is renewed when neglected or corrupted
through prophets, naming Moses and Jesus as distinguished predecessors and Mohammed
as their seal.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: The passage says a large part of the Koran relates examples of dreadful punishments
formerly inflicted by God on those who rejected or abused his messengers.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: The passage says another part of the Koran gives laws, directions, admonitions
to moral and divine virtues, worship of God, and resignation to God's will.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: The passage says many passages are occasional and relate to particular emergencies
involving Mohammed.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: Eternal, invisible creator, governor, judge, and lord of creation.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: Presented as prophet and ambassador of God, restorer of divine unity,
and seal after Moses and Jesus.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:7
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Moses
description: Named as one of the most distinguished earlier prophets.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Jesus
description: Named as one of the most distinguished earlier prophets.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: People of Arabia
description: Collective population described as including idolaters, Jews, and Christians.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Rejected messengers
description: God's messengers who are said to have been rejected or abused by former
peoples.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
label: supreme deity and judge
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God is described as creator, supreme governor, judge, and lord.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: prophet and ambassador
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Mohammed is explicitly called prophet and ambassador of God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:3
label: distinguished earlier prophet
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:4
basis: Moses and Jesus are named as the most distinguished among earlier prophets.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:4
label: final prophet or seal
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Mohammed is described as the seal of Moses and Jesus, with no other prophet
expected after him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: religious audience
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The people of Arabia are described as the population among whom the religions
and beliefs are present.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:6
label: divine messenger
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: The passage refers to God's messengers whose rejection brings punishment
narratives.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: ceremonial signs
literal_form: outward signs of certain ceremonies
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: temporal and eternal rewards and punishments
literal_form: rewards and punishments, both temporal and eternal
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Religiously mixed Arabia
summary: The passage portrays Arabia as populated by idolaters, Jews, and Christians
with differing beliefs.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Mission to restore divine unity
summary: Mohammed is said to present restoration of God's unity and obedience to
God as the chief end of his mission.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Sequence of prophetic admonition
summary: The passage describes God re-informing humanity through prophets when religion
is neglected or corrupted, naming Moses, Jesus, and Mohammed.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Punishment examples for rejected messengers
summary: The Koran is said to recount former punishments inflicted by God on those
who rejected or abused divine messengers.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Instruction and admonition
summary: The Koran is said to contain laws, directions, moral admonitions, worship
of God, and resignation to God's will.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine judgment on rejecters of messengers
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage says the Koran recounts dreadful punishments inflicted by God
on those who rejected and abused his messengers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is a preliminary discourse summary, not a direct narrative
episode.
- id: motif:2
label: prophetic renewal of neglected religion
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage describes God repeatedly re-informing and re-admonishing humanity
through prophets whenever religion becomes neglected or corrupted.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: No specific taxonomy reference in the supplied list exactly matches this
motif.
- id: motif:3
label: final prophet after earlier prophets
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Moses and Jesus are named as distinguished earlier prophets, while Mohammed
is described as their seal with no later prophet expected.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: This is doctrinal summary rather than a mythic episode.
- id: motif:4
label: sacred law with reward and punishment
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The passage connects divine religion with laws, ceremonies, obedience, and
temporal and eternal rewards and punishments.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The term covenant is not used in the passage; the taxonomy link is based
only on the combination of divine law, obedience, and sanction.
- id: motif:5
label: scriptural exempla as moral warning
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The passage says punishment stories are used to engage hearers and that other
parts give laws, directions, and admonitions to virtue and worship.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The wisdom taxonomy reference is broad and should be reviewed.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage claims that several Koranic punishment stories or circumstances
are taken from the Old and New Testament.
claim_level: historical_contact
target: Old and New Testament punishment narratives or related stories
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: This is Sale's authorial claim in a preliminary discourse and may reflect
polemical framing; the passage itself does not provide individual narrative parallels.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage claims that many more Koranic stories derive from apocryphal
books and Jewish and Christian traditions of the age.
claim_level: historical_contact
target: Jewish and Christian apocryphal and traditional narrative material
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage gives a broad source claim without naming particular apocryphal
texts or motifs in this line range.
- id: claim:3
claim: The punishment narratives are presented as serving an admonitory function
comparable to earlier scriptural examples of divine punishment.
claim_level: same_function
target: scriptural punishment exempla used as warnings
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: The functional comparison is implicit in the passage's statement that
examples are used to make people hearken; it does not analyze a specific parallel
episode.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 3425-3432
quote_or_summary: Arabia is described as religiously mixed, with idolaters, Jews,
and Christians, and God is described as eternal, invisible, creator, governor,
judge, and lord.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 3432-3438
quote_or_summary: Religion is described as sanctioned by laws, ceremonial signs,
temporal and eternal rewards and punishments, and obedience to Mohammed as prophet
and ambassador of God.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 3439-3443
quote_or_summary: The great doctrine of the Koran is identified as the unity of
God, which Mohammed is said to have presented as the chief end of his mission
to restore.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 3443-3449
quote_or_summary: When religion becomes neglected or corrupted, God is said to re-inform
humanity through prophets; Moses and Jesus are named, and Mohammed is described
as their seal.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 3449-3460
quote_or_summary: A great part of the Koran is said to relate examples of dreadful
punishments inflicted by God on those who rejected his messengers; the passage
claims several stories come from biblical, apocryphal, and Jewish or Christian
traditional sources.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 3461-3466
quote_or_summary: Another part of the Koran is said to give laws, directions, moral
and divine admonitions, worship and reverence of God, and resignation to God's
will.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 3467-3470
quote_or_summary: The passage says many other passages are occasional and relate
to particular emergencies that perplexed Mohammed.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The extraction is based on a prose summary from Sale's preliminary discourse,
not on a direct Qur'anic narrative passage. Some motif assignments are broad and
should be reviewed for taxonomy fit.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Polemical terms and claims in the source passage have been summarized neutrally where possible.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l3425-l3470
passage_sha256=56a851fab19e581333e150dc18909475f6567325015ad91d0741922789144c2b