Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l33210-l33306

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l33210-l33306

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l33210-l33306
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XLIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XLIV. /
    IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 33210-33306
  start: '33210'
  end: '33306'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage recounts a faithful messenger asking that God's servants be
    released, God commanding a night departure and leaving the sea divided so the
    pursuing Egyptians will drown, the deliverance and choosing of the children of
    Israel, rejection of resurrection by Meccans, warnings from destroyed peoples,
    the day of separation, punishment of the impious with the tree of al-Zakkum and
    boiling water in hell, and the secure garden reward of the pious.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A faithful messenger asks that the servants of God be sent with him and warns
    his hearers not to exalt themselves against God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The messenger seeks protection in his Lord and their Lord from being stoned
    or injured, and he asks unbelievers at least to depart from him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: After being accused of imposture, the messenger calls on his Lord and calls
    the accusers a wicked people.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: God commands a night march with his servants, says they will be pursued, and
    instructs that the sea be left divided so the Egyptians may enter and be drowned.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The Egyptians leave behind gardens, fountains, fields of corn, fair dwellings,
    and advantages; these are given as inheritance to another people.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Heaven and earth do not weep for the destroyed people, and they receive no
    further respite.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The children of Israel are delivered from a shameful affliction from Pharaoh,
    who is described as haughty and a transgressor.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: The children of Israel are chosen above all people and shown several signs
    involving an evident trial.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: The Meccans deny being raised after their first natural death and ask for
    their forefathers to be brought back if the claim is true.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: The people of Tobba and earlier people are said to have been destroyed because
    they wrought wickedness.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: The heavens and earth and what is between them are said to have been created
    in truth, not as sport.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: The day of separation is appointed for all, and master and servant will not
    advantage or help one another except those on whom God has mercy.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: The fruit of the tree of al-Zakkum is described as food of the impious, boiling
    in the bellies of the damned like the hottest water.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:14
  text: Tormentors are commanded to take a condemned figure, drag him into the midst
    of hell, and pour boiling water on his head.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:15
  text: The pious are lodged in a secure place among gardens and fountains, clothed
    in fine silk and satin, seated facing one another, espoused to fair large-eyed
    damsels, supplied with fruits, spared death after the first death, and delivered
    from hell's pains.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:16
  text: The Koran is said to have been rendered easy in the addressee's own tongue
    so that people may be admonished.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / Lord
  description: Divine speaker and actor who commands the night march, destroys and
    delivers peoples, appoints the day of separation, shows mercy, and grants the
    pious their reward.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: faithful messenger
  description: The messenger who asks that God's servants be sent with him, seeks
    protection, and calls upon his Lord when accused of imposture.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: servants of God / children of Israel
  description: The people to be sent with the messenger, commanded to march by night,
    delivered from Pharaoh, chosen above all people, and shown signs.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: The source of shameful affliction for the children of Israel, described
    as haughty and a transgressor.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Egyptians
  description: The pursuing host that enters the divided sea and is doomed to be drowned;
    they leave behind gardens, fountains, fields, dwellings, and advantages.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Meccans
  description: The audience described as saying that their end will be only the first
    natural death and that they will not be raised again.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: people of Tobba and those before them
  description: Earlier peoples cited as having been destroyed because they wrought
    wickedness.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: the impious / damned condemned figure
  description: Those for whom the fruit of al-Zakkum is food; a condemned figure is
    dragged into hell and given boiling water punishment.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: tormentors
  description: Figures commanded to take the condemned figure, drag him into hell,
    and pour boiling water on his head.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: the pious
  description: Those lodged securely among gardens and fountains, clothed richly,
    supplied with fruits, and delivered from hell's pains.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: fair damsels with large black eyes
  description: Damsels to whom the pious are espoused in the secure afterlife setting.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine commander, judge, deliverer, and rewarder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God commands the night departure, delivers Israel, destroys wicked peoples,
    appoints the day of separation, and grants mercy and felicity to the pious.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: role:2
  label: faithful messenger and departure leader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He speaks as a faithful messenger, asks for God's servants to be sent with
    him, and is the addressee of the command to march by night.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: delivered and chosen people
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They are commanded to march by night, delivered from Pharaoh, chosen above
    all people, and shown signs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: haughty transgressor and oppressor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Pharaoh is named as the source of shameful affliction and described as haughty
    and a transgressor.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: doomed pursuers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The Egyptians are expected to pursue, enter the divided sea, and be drowned.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: resurrection-denying audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The Meccans say there is no end beyond first natural death and that they
    will not be raised again.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: destroyed wicked precedent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The people of Tobba and earlier peoples are cited as destroyed because they
    wrought wickedness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: punished impious
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The impious eat al-Zakkum, and the damned are subjected to boiling punishment
    in hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:9
  label: executors of punishment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: They are commanded to drag the condemned figure into hell and pour boiling
    water on him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: rewarded pious
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The pious receive secure lodging, garden abundance, rich clothing, fruits,
    freedom from further death, and deliverance from hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: afterlife spouses or companions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The passage says the pious will be espoused to fair damsels with large black
    eyes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: divided sea
  literal_form: The sea left divided so the Egyptians enter it and are drowned.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: abandoned gardens, fountains, fields, and dwellings
  literal_form: Gardens, fountains, fields of corn, fair dwellings, and advantages
    left behind by the Egyptians and inherited by another people.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: tree of al-Zakkum
  literal_form: A tree whose fruit is the food of the impious.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: boiling water
  literal_form: Hottest water that the al-Zakkum resembles in the belly, and boiling
    water poured on the condemned figure's head.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: hell
  literal_form: The place into whose midst the condemned figure is dragged and from
    whose pains the pious are delivered.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: secure gardens and fountains
  literal_form: A place of security among gardens and fountains where the pious are
    lodged.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: fine silk and satin
  literal_form: Garments worn by the pious in the secure afterlife setting.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: afterlife fruits
  literal_form: All kinds of fruits called for by the pious in full security.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Messenger confronts and petitions
  summary: A faithful messenger asks for God's servants to be sent, warns against
    arrogance toward God, seeks divine protection, and appeals to his Lord after being
    accused of imposture.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Night departure and divided sea
  summary: God commands the messenger and God's servants to march by night while pursued;
    the sea is left divided for the Egyptian host to enter and drown.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Dispossession and deliverance
  summary: The Egyptians leave wealth and dwellings behind; another people inherit
    them, and the children of Israel are delivered from Pharaoh, chosen, and shown
    signs.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Denial of raising and warning from destroyed peoples
  summary: The Meccans deny resurrection after the first death and are compared with
    the people of Tobba and earlier peoples destroyed for wickedness; creation is
    affirmed as made in truth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Day of separation
  summary: The appointed day separates people, and ordinary social relations such
    as master and servant do not help, except where God has mercy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Punishment of the impious
  summary: The impious are fed the fruit of al-Zakkum, which boils in their bellies,
    and a condemned figure is dragged into hell and subjected to boiling water.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Reward of the pious
  summary: The pious dwell securely among gardens and fountains, wear fine garments,
    sit facing one another, receive spouses and fruits, do not taste death after the
    first death, and are delivered from hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:8
  label: Admonition through the Koran
  summary: The Koran is said to be made easy in the addressee's own tongue so that
    people may be admonished, and the addressee is told to wait while opponents wait
    for misfortune.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: guided night departure from oppression through a divided sea
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: God commands a night march with his servants, announces pursuit, and uses
    the divided sea as the setting for the pursuers' drowning.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not name the messenger in the excerpt; the departure
    pattern is extracted only from the provided lines.
- id: motif:2
  label: divine deliverance of a chosen people and destruction of oppressors
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The children of Israel are delivered from Pharaoh, chosen, and shown signs,
    while the Egyptian host is doomed to drowning and loses its possessions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif combines deliverance and judgment because both are adjacent
    and causally linked in the passage.
- id: motif:3
  label: denial and assertion of postmortem raising
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: The Meccans deny being raised after first death, while the broader passage
    moves to the appointed day and afterlife outcomes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The excerpt explicitly quotes the denial of resurrection; the affirmative
    framework is inferred from the subsequent judgment and afterlife scenes.
- id: motif:4
  label: appointed day of separation and irreversible judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: A day of separation is appointed for all, when master and servant cannot
    help one another except by God's mercy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: No further procedural details of the judgment are given in this passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: infernal food and boiling punishment of the impious
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The fruit of al-Zakkum is food for the impious, boils in the bellies of the
    damned, and is paired with dragging into hell and boiling water poured on the
    head.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names infernal food; classified
    under divine judgment because punishment is the evident function.
- id: motif:6
  label: secure garden afterlife reward
  taxonomy_refs:
  - afterlife_journey_map
  basis: The pious are placed in a secure setting of gardens and fountains, clothed
    richly, supplied with fruit, paired with spouses, spared further death, and delivered
    from hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents a destination or state more than a narrated journey
    through the afterlife.
- id: motif:7
  label: paradisal espousal of the righteous
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_marriage
  basis: The pious are said to be espoused to fair damsels with large black eyes in
    the secure afterlife setting.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage describes reward and companionship; the taxonomy label 'sacred_marriage'
    may overstate the ritual or cosmic significance of the espousal.
- id: motif:8
  label: destroyed former peoples as warning to present deniers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The people of Tobba and earlier peoples are invoked in relation to the Meccans
    and described as destroyed because they wrought wickedness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives only brief information about the earlier peoples.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly compares the Meccan deniers with the people of Tobba
    and earlier peoples as precedents of wicked communities destroyed by God.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: people of Tobba and those before them
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is rhetorical and functional; the passage does not provide
    a detailed shared narrative sequence for the earlier peoples.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33210-33222
  quote_or_summary: A faithful messenger asks for God's servants to be sent, warns
    against pride toward God, seeks protection from being stoned or injured, asks
    unbelievers to depart from him, and calls the accusers a wicked people.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33223-33227
  quote_or_summary: God commands the messenger to march forth with God's servants
    by night, says they will be pursued, and instructs that the sea be left divided
    for the Egyptian host, doomed to be drowned.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33228-33237 and notes k-n
  quote_or_summary: The Egyptians leave gardens, fountains, fields, dwellings, and
    advantages; another people inherit them; heaven and earth do not weep for them;
    Israel is delivered from Pharaoh, chosen, and shown signs.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33238-33247 and notes o-p
  quote_or_summary: The Meccans deny resurrection after first death and demand their
    forefathers; the text asks whether they are better than the people of Tobba and
    earlier peoples destroyed for wickedness, and says creation was made in truth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33248-33253 and note q
  quote_or_summary: The day of separation is the appointed term for all; master and
    servant will not help one another except those on whom God has mercy.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33254-33271 and note r
  quote_or_summary: The fruit of the tree of al-Zakkum is the food of the impious
    and boils in the bellies of the damned like the hottest water.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33272-33277
  quote_or_summary: Tormentors are told to take the condemned figure, drag him into
    the midst of hell, pour boiling water on his head, and say that this is the punishment
    he doubted.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33278-33288
  quote_or_summary: The pious are lodged securely among gardens and fountains, clothed
    in silk and satin, seated facing one another, espoused to fair large-eyed damsels,
    given fruits, spared death after the first death, and delivered from hell's pains.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33289-33306
  quote_or_summary: The Koran is rendered easy in the addressee's own tongue so that
    people may be admonished; the addressee is told to wait while opponents wait for
    misfortune.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction is based entirely on the supplied passage and notes. Motif confidence
    is lower where available taxonomy labels are broader than the passage's specific
    images, especially paradisal espousal.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external identifications or comparisons were added beyond the supplied passage and available taxonomy references.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l33210-l33306
  passage_sha256=620aa1ed47650f38b50c89218c5cdc44550229006b670fd679eb4e660dc56130