Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l33132-l33207

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l33132-l33207

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l33132-l33207
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XLIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XLIV. /
    IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 33132-33207
  start: '33132'
  end: '33207'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Chapter XLIV opens by invoking the perspicuous book and says the Koran
    was sent down on a blessed night when every determined decree is sent down. It
    affirms God as lord of heaven and earth, giver of life and death, then warns of
    a day when heaven produces visible smoke covering humankind as a tormenting plague.
    Those afflicted ask for the plague to be removed and promise belief, but the text
    recalls their rejection of a manifest apostle and says they will return to unbelief.
    It then announces divine vengeance and recalls an earlier trial of the people
    of Pharaoh when an honourable messenger came to them.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage says the Koran was sent down on a blessed night.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The passage says every determined matter is distinctly sent down on that night
    as a command from God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage describes God as lord of heaven and earth and as the one who gives
    life and causes death.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage warns of a day when heaven produces visible smoke covering mankind.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The visible smoke is called a tormenting plague.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Those under the plague ask the Lord to remove it and say they will become
    true believers.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage says a manifest apostle came to them, but they turned away and
    called him instructed by others or distracted.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage says the plague will be removed for a little while, but the people
    will return to infidelity.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage announces a later assault with great power and divine vengeance.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage recalls that the people of Pharaoh were tested before them and
    that an honourable messenger came to those people.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: 'Sale''s note reports differing interpretations of the smoke: either a famine-related
    smoke in Mohammed''s time or an eschatological sign before the day of judgment.'
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / the Lord
  description: The sender of the Koran and decrees, lord of heaven and earth, giver
    of life and death, remover of the plague, and agent of vengeance.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Those addressed as doubters / afflicted people
  description: They are described as amusing themselves with doubt, being covered
    by the smoke, asking for the plague to be removed, promising belief, and later
    returning to infidelity.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Manifest apostle
  description: A manifest apostle came to the people, but they retired from him and
    accused him of being instructed by others or distracted.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: People of Pharaoh
  description: An earlier people whom God made trial of before the present addressees.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Honourable messenger
  description: A messenger who came to the people of Pharaoh.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine revealer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God sends down the Koran and determined decrees on the blessed night.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: divine judge and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is associated with the plague, its removal, and later vengeance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: doubters under punishment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They are described as doubting, being covered by the tormenting smoke, pleading
    for removal, and returning to infidelity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: messenger rejected or sent to a tested people
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  basis: One apostle is rejected by the addressees, and another messenger comes to
    the people of Pharaoh.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: precedent people tested by God
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The people of Pharaoh are explicitly named as having been tried before the
    present group.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: perspicuous book
  literal_form: The book of the Koran invoked at the chapter opening.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: blessed night
  literal_form: The night on which the Koran and decrees are said to be sent down.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: determined decree
  literal_form: Every determined thing distinctly sent down as a command.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: visible smoke
  literal_form: Smoke produced by heaven and covering mankind as a tormenting plague.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:9
- id: sym:5
  label: heaven and earth
  literal_form: The cosmic domain over which God is lord; heaven is also the source
    from which the smoke appears.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Revelation and decree on the blessed night
  summary: The Koran is said to be sent down on a blessed night, and every determined
    matter is sent down as a command from God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Visible smoke as plague
  summary: Heaven produces visible smoke covering mankind, and the afflicted people
    ask the Lord to remove the tormenting plague while promising belief.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Rejected apostle and return to infidelity
  summary: The text recalls that a manifest apostle had come to the people and was
    rejected; it then says the plague will be lifted briefly, but they will return
    to infidelity, followed by divine vengeance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:4
  label: Precedent of Pharaoh's people
  summary: The passage recalls that God previously tested the people of Pharaoh and
    that an honourable messenger came to them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Revelation of a sacred book on a blessed night
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage centers the sending down of the Koran and divine determinations
    on a blessed night.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy has no exact category for scripture revelation;
    'wisdom' is a broad fit only.
- id: motif:2
  label: Heaven-sent smoke plague as warning
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The smoke comes from heaven, covers mankind, is called a tormenting plague,
    and is linked to divine vengeance after rejection of an apostle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage and notes preserve multiple interpretations of the smoke's
    referent.
- id: motif:3
  label: Temporary repentance under affliction followed by relapse
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The afflicted people promise belief if the plague is removed, but the passage
    states they will return to infidelity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not provide further narrative details beyond the predicted
    relapse.
- id: motif:4
  label: Earlier punished or tested people as warning precedent
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The people of Pharaoh are explicitly recalled as a prior group tested when
    a messenger came to them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This excerpt only begins the Pharaoh precedent and does not include the
    full outcome.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly uses the people of Pharaoh as an earlier warning precedent
    for the present addressees, with both contexts involving divine testing and a
    messenger.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: People of Pharaoh episode within the passage's scriptural memory
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The excerpt gives only the opening of the Pharaoh comparison and does
    not narrate the full parallel.
- id: claim:2
  claim: 'Sale''s note records two interpretive placements for the smoke motif: a
    historical famine-associated sign and an eschatological sign before the day of
    judgment.'
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Smoke as historical plague sign and smoke as eschatological judgment sign
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This comparison is based on the translator's commentary, not on a direct
    comparison made in the main translated verse.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 33132-33207, Chapter XLIV opening
  quote_or_summary: '"BY the perspicuous book of the Koran; verily we have sent down
    the same on a blessed night"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 33132-33207, Chapter XLIV opening
  quote_or_summary: '"on the night wherein is distinctly sent down the decree of every
    determined thing, as a command from us"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 33132-33207, Chapter XLIV opening
  quote_or_summary: '"the LORD of heaven and earth"; "he giveth life, and he causeth
    to die"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 33132-33207, verse marked 10
  quote_or_summary: '"the heaven shall produce a visible smoke, which shall cover
    mankind: this will be a tormenting plague"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 33132-33207, after verse marked 10
  quote_or_summary: '"O LORD, take this plague from off us: verily we will become
    true believers."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 33132-33207, after plague plea
  quote_or_summary: '"a manifest apostle came unto them, but they retired from him,
    saying, This man is instructed by others, or is a distracted person"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33132-33207, after apostle rejection
  quote_or_summary: God says the plague will be taken away for a little, the people
    will return to infidelity, and on a later day God will assault them with great
    power and take vengeance.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: lines 33132-33207, Pharaoh transition
  quote_or_summary: '"We made trial of the people of Pharaoh before them, and an honourable
    messenger came unto them"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 33132-33207, Sale footnote c
  quote_or_summary: 'The note says commentators differ: some identify the smoke with
    a famine in Mohammed''s time, while a tradition of Ali treats it as a sign before
    the day of judgment filling east to west for forty days.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal extraction is strong for the translated passage. Motif taxonomy mapping
    is partly broad because available taxonomy lacks exact categories for scripture
    descent, decree night, and smoke plague.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage text and metadata. No identification of unnamed messengers beyond the labels present in the excerpt.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l33132-l33207
  passage_sha256=fd862cc1ef18075b3667d1eb6574402bbce09bc791b5d0180227e8a502d48fdd