Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l32852-l32936

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l32852-l32936

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l32852-l32936
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XLII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XLIII. /
    IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 32852-32936
  start: '32852'
  end: '32936'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage opens Chapter XLIII by presenting the Arabic Koran as ordained
    through a clear book and preserved in an original book with God. It recalls earlier
    prophets mocked by old nations, God’s creation of heaven and earth, rain reviving
    dead land as an analogy for emergence from graves, and divinely subjected ships
    and cattle. It rejects claims that God has daughters or that angels are female,
    criticizes worship based on ancestral custom, describes divine vengeance on rejecters
    of apostles, recalls Abraham’s renunciation of his people’s gods except the creator,
    and reports Meccan rejection of the revealed truth as sorcery and their objection
    that it was not sent to a great man of two cities.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage says the Koran is Arabic, understandable, and written in an original
    book kept with God, described as sublime and full of wisdom.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The passage says many prophets were sent among earlier peoples and were mocked,
    after which stronger nations were destroyed.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage attributes creation of the heavens and earth to the mighty and
    wise God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage describes God spreading the earth as a bed, making paths, sending
    measured rain from heaven, and quickening a dead country.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The revival of a dead country is explicitly linked to being brought forth
    from graves.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The passage says God created various species and gave people ships and cattle
    on which they are carried.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage rejects the attribution of offspring, daughters, or female issue
    to God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage says some people make the angels, described as servants of the
    Merciful, females, and that their testimony will be written down and examined
    on the day of judgment.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage reports people defending worship by saying they found their fathers
    practicing a religion and follow their footsteps.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage says preachers brought a more right religion, were disbelieved,
    and that vengeance was taken on those who accused apostles of imposture.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:11
  text: Abraham tells his father and people that he is clear of the gods they worship,
    except the one who created him and will direct him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:12
  text: Abraham’s statement is described as a constant doctrine among his posterity,
    turning them from idolatry to worship of the only true God.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:13
  text: The passage reports that when truth and a manifest apostle come, the addressed
    people call it sorcery and disbelieve.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:14
  text: The passage reports an objection that the Koran should have been sent down
    to a great man of one of two cities.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / LORD / Merciful
  description: The divine speaker and subject described as creator, sender of rain,
    giver of ships and cattle, keeper of the original book, and judge of false testimony.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Prophets / apostles / preachers
  description: Messengers sent to earlier peoples and cities, mocked or accused of
    imposture; one brings a more right religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:9
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Earlier nations and city inhabitants
  description: Former peoples who mocked prophets, followed ancestral religion, disbelieved
    preachers, and were destroyed or subjected to vengeance.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Servants of the Merciful whom some people call female.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: People who attribute offspring to God
  description: People who claim offspring or daughters for God and defend worship
    by appeal to divine permission or ancestral practice.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: A figure who rejects the gods worshipped by his father and people except
    the creator who will direct him.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Abraham’s father and people
  description: Those addressed by Abraham as worshippers of gods he renounces.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Meccans and their fathers
  description: People permitted to live in prosperity until truth and a manifest apostle
    come; they call the truth sorcery and object to the recipient of the Koran.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: creator and provider
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is named as creator of heaven and earth, maker of earth’s paths, sender
    of rain, creator of species, and giver of conveyances.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: keeper and source of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The Koran is said to be ordained and written in the original book kept with
    God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: judge and avenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says testimony about angels will be written and examined on the
    day of judgment, and that vengeance was taken on rejecters of apostles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: role:4
  label: rejected messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Prophets and preachers are mocked, disbelieved, and accused of imposture.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: rejecters or idolaters
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  basis: These figures follow ancestral religion, worship gods or angels, reject preachers,
    or call the truth sorcery.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
- id: role:6
  label: misclassified divine servants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Angels are called servants of the Merciful, while some people make them female.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: monotheistic ancestor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Abraham renounces his father’s and people’s gods except the creator, and
    his statement becomes a doctrine among his posterity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: clear book and original book
  literal_form: The perspicuous book, the Arabic Koran, and the original book kept
    with God
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: rain reviving dead land
  literal_form: Measured rain from heaven quickening a dead country
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: graves
  literal_form: Graves from which people shall be brought forth
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: ships and cattle as conveyances
  literal_form: Ships and cattle on which people are carried and sit firmly
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: written testimony
  literal_form: Testimony about the angels written down and examined on the day of
    judgment
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: ancestral footsteps
  literal_form: Fathers’ religion and descendants treading in their footsteps
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: Abraham’s constant doctrine
  literal_form: A doctrine among Abraham’s posterity turning them from idolatry to
    worship of the only true God
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Revelation located in a heavenly original book
  summary: The chapter opens by presenting the Arabic Koran as ordained for understanding
    and written in an original book kept with God, sublime and full of wisdom.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Mocked prophets and destroyed earlier nations
  summary: Earlier prophets are sent and mocked; stronger old nations are destroyed
    as examples.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Creation, provision, and resurrection analogy
  summary: God creates heaven and earth, makes earth habitable with paths, sends rain
    to revive dead land, and links that revival to emergence from graves; ships and
    cattle are also given as conveyances.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Rejection of divine offspring and female angels
  summary: The passage rejects claims of divine daughters and says those who call
    angels female were not present at their creation; their testimony will be recorded
    and examined at judgment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Ancestral religion opposed by preachers
  summary: People justify their religion by saying they follow their fathers; preachers
    bring a more right religion, are rejected, and vengeance follows against accusers
    of apostles.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:6
  label: Abraham renounces his people’s gods
  summary: Abraham tells his father and people that he is clear of the gods they worship
    except the creator who will guide him, and this becomes a lasting doctrine among
    his posterity.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: scene:7
  label: Meccan rejection of truth and the manifest apostle
  summary: The Meccans and their fathers are said to have prospered until truth and
    a manifest apostle came; they call the truth sorcery and object that the Koran
    was not sent to a great man of two cities.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Revelation preserved in a heavenly archetype
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The Koran is described as Arabic for understanding and as written in an original
    book kept with God, sublime and full of wisdom.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage presents revelation and wisdom
    but does not name a separate wisdom figure.
- id: motif:2
  label: Rejected messengers followed by destruction or vengeance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Earlier prophets are mocked and nations are destroyed; later rejecters of
    apostles are also subjected to vengeance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives examples in summary form rather than a detailed judgment
    narrative.
- id: motif:3
  label: Revival of dead land as sign of emergence from graves
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: Measured rain revives a dead country, and the passage explicitly says people
    shall likewise be brought forth from graves.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The resurrection claim is made through analogy rather than narrated as
    an event occurring in the passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: Divine judgment through written testimony
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Claims about angels being female are to be written down and examined on the
    day of judgment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not describe the outcome of the examination.
- id: motif:5
  label: Ancestral custom resisting revealed correction
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: People say they follow their fathers’ religion; preachers answer with a more
    right religion, which is rejected.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family exactly matches this social-religious pattern.
- id: motif:6
  label: Founding ancestor renounces idolatry
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Abraham renounces the gods of his father and people except the creator, and
    his statement becomes a doctrine among his posterity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the act doctrinally, not as a full biographical cycle.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 32852-32936, Chapter XLIII opening
  quote_or_summary: "“we have ordained the same an Arabic Koran that ye may understand”
    and it is “written in the original book, kept with us, being sublime and full
    of wisdom.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 32852-32936, after opening admonition
  quote_or_summary: Many prophets were sent among old peoples; they were mocked, and
    mightier nations were destroyed as examples.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 32852-32936, creation question
  quote_or_summary: 'Asked who created the heavens and earth, they answer: “The mighty,
    the wise God created them.”'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 32852-32936, verse marked 10
  quote_or_summary: God sends “rain from heaven by measure,” quickens “a dead country,”
    and “so shall ye be brought forth from your graves.”
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 32852-32936, after verse marked 10
  quote_or_summary: God creates various species and gives ships and cattle as conveyances,
    so people may praise the one who subjected them to service and remember their
    return to the LORD.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 32852-32936, divine offspring passage
  quote_or_summary: The passage rejects attributing offspring or daughters to God
    and criticizes assigning to the Merciful the sex whose birth causes sorrow among
    the claimants.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: lines 32852-32936, angels passage
  quote_or_summary: "“the angels, who are the servants of the Merciful” are made female
    by some; “Their testimony shall be written down” and examined “on the day of judgment.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: lines 32852-32936, ancestral religion saying
  quote_or_summary: "“we found our fathers practising a religion; and we are guided
    in their footsteps.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 32852-32936, preacher and vengeance passage
  quote_or_summary: Preachers ask whether they bring a more right religion than ancestral
    practice; the people reject what is preached, and vengeance is taken on those
    who accused apostles of imposture.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: quote
  locator: lines 32852-32936, Abraham speech
  quote_or_summary: 'Abraham says to his father and people: “I am clear of the gods
    which ye worship, except him who hath created me; for he will direct me aright.”'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 32852-32936, Abraham doctrine
  quote_or_summary: Abraham’s renunciation is ordained as a constant doctrine among
    his posterity, turning them from idolatry to worship of the only true God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 32852-32936, truth and manifest apostle
  quote_or_summary: The Meccans and their fathers are permitted prosperity until truth
    and a manifest apostle come; they call the truth sorcery and disbelieve.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: quote
  locator: lines 32852-32936, final objection
  quote_or_summary: They ask why the Koran was not “sent down unto some great man
    of either of the two cities.”
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is based on the supplied passage. Motif assignments use
    only supplied taxonomy where directly supported; no cross-text comparison claims
    are made.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Footnotes present in the passage were used only where they clarify literal terms, such as the original book being identified with the preserved table; no external information was added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l32852-l32936
  passage_sha256=f9f0d5ab6ffbd512d6a97f710e651e7662777efb5ec9fa996f41f92acfedd454