Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l3219-l3266

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l3219-l3266

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l3219-l3266
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: PRELIMINARY DISCOURSE / SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III; lines 3219-3266
  start: '3219'
  end: '3266'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage explains how chapters of the Koran are titled, how some are
    associated with Mecca or Medina, how chapters are subdivided into verses called
    Ayt meaning signs or wonders, and how different ancient editions differ in verse
    counts while being said to preserve the same word and letter counts.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Chapter titles may be taken from a matter or person mentioned in the chapter,
    or from a notable word, and some chapters have more than one title because copies
    differ.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Some chapters are described as revealed at Mecca, others at Medina, and some
    partly at both places; commentators dispute the location for others.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Chapters are subdivided into unequal portions customarily called verses; the
    Arabic term Ayt is glossed as signs or wonders.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The signs or wonders are described as including the secrets of God, his attributes,
    works, judgments, and ordinances delivered in the verses.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage says manuscripts do not set down verse numbers after each chapter
    title, and that Muslims have scruples about making an actual distinction because
    editions differ in division and verse number.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Seven principal editions or ancient copies are listed by place or name, with
    differing total verse counts.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The editions are said to contain the same number of words and letters, though
    footnotes give alternate computations.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage explicitly compares Muslim chapter-naming and textual counting
    practices with Jewish practices.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: God is named as the one whose secrets, attributes, works, judgments,
    and ordinances are delivered in the verses.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Mohammedans
  description: The passage describes Muslims as having scruples about marking verse
    divisions and as numbering words and letters of their law.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Jews
  description: The passage compares chapter naming and word-and-letter counting with
    Jewish practices.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: commentators
  description: Commentators are said to dispute whether some chapters belong to Mecca
    or Medina.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine source of secrets, attributes, works, judgments, and ordinances
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The verses are described as containing the secrets of God, his attributes,
    works, judgments, and ordinances.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: religious community preserving and enumerating sacred text
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage attributes scruples about verse division and the numbering of
    words and letters to Muslims.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: comparative textual model
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage says Koran chapter naming is like Jewish Sedrim naming and that
    Muslims imitated Jews in numbering words and letters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: role:4
  label: disputants over revelation location
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The passage says commentators dispute whether some chapters belong to Mecca
    or Medina.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Ayt as signs or wonders
  literal_form: verses called Ayt, glossed as signs or wonders
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: numbered words and letters
  literal_form: the word and letter counts of the sacred text
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:3
  label: Mecca and Medina revelation locations
  literal_form: chapter labels identifying revelation at Mecca, Medina, or both
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Explanation of chapter titles
  summary: The passage explains that Koranic chapter titles may derive from persons,
    topics, or notable words, and compares this title formation to Jewish Sedrim naming.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Classification by place of revelation
  summary: The passage states that some chapters are classified as revealed at Mecca,
    at Medina, partly at both, or are disputed by commentators.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Verses as signs or wonders
  summary: The passage describes the subdivision of chapters into verses called Ayt,
    meaning signs or wonders, in which divine secrets, attributes, works, judgments,
    and ordinances are delivered.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Editions and textual enumeration
  summary: The passage describes seven principal editions or ancient copies with different
    verse totals, while saying they preserve the same word and letter totals and comparing
    such enumeration to Jewish practice.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: sacred text as divine signs and wonders
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage defines verses as Ayt, signs or wonders, and says they deliver
    the secrets of God along with divine attributes, works, judgments, and ordinances.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage is an expository discussion of textual structure rather than
    a narrative mythic episode; taxonomy links are broad.
- id: motif:2
  label: sacred enumeration of textual units
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage emphasizes differing verse counts, fixed word and letter counts,
    and religious concern over exact textual division and enumeration.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a textual-preservation pattern rather than a supplied taxonomy
    motif family.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage compares Koranic chapter naming with Jewish naming of Sedrim
    as a similar textual practice.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Jewish Sedrim naming practice
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is limited to chapter or section naming practice and
    does not establish historical contact beyond the author's assertion of similarity.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage says Muslims imitated Jews in numbering the words and letters
    of their law, presenting a comparison of sacred textual enumeration.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Jewish enumeration of words and letters of the law
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The claim reflects the passage author's statement; the excerpt does
    not provide independent evidence for the asserted imitation.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3219-3235
  quote_or_summary: Chapter titles are described as drawn from a topic, person, or
    notable word, in the same manner as Jews named their Sedrim; some chapters have
    multiple titles due to copy differences.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary supplied.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3236-3241
  quote_or_summary: Chapters are said to be revealed at Mecca or Medina, sometimes
    partly at both, while commentators dispute the place for some chapters.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary supplied.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 3242-3248
  quote_or_summary: "“the Arabic word is Ayt ... and signifies signs, or wonders;
    such as are the secrets of GOD, his attributes, works, judgments, and ordinances”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short quotation from public domain text.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3249-3256
  quote_or_summary: The author says he has not seen manuscripts where verse counts
    are set after chapter titles, and that Muslims have scruples about marking verse
    distinctions because editions differ in verse division and number.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary supplied.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3257-3264
  quote_or_summary: 'Seven principal editions or ancient copies are listed: two of
    Medina, one each of Mecca, Cufa, Basra, Syria, and a common edition, with verse
    totals ranging from 6,000 to 6,236; they are said to share 77,639 words and 323,015
    letters.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary supplied.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 3264-3266
  quote_or_summary: "“the Mohammedans have in this also imitated the Jews, that they
    have superstitiously numbered the very words and letters of their law”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short quotation from public domain text.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is primarily a scholarly prose description of Koranic textual
    organization, not a myth narrative. Literal extraction is strong; motif assignment
    is necessarily broad.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l3219-l3266
  passage_sha256=742ca5dfdbac7d1b8fb4d50e67641ea2ab14ab4a83634a3d5c8d149dc6a3f9c2