batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l29576-l29668
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l29576-l29668
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER XXXII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXXIII.
/ IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 29576-29668
start: '29576'
end: '29668'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage recalls a firm covenant taken from the prophets, including
Mohammed, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus son of Mary, and says God will examine
the truthful and punish unbelievers. It then addresses believers during the siege
of Medina: hostile armies came from above and below, God sent wind and unseen
angelic hosts, the faithful were tested by fear, and hypocrites claimed God’s
promise was false, urged retreat, sought leave to flee, and are warned that flight
cannot save them from death. The passage concludes that God knows those who hinder
battle and presents the apostle of God as an excellent example for those who hope
in God and the last day.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A firm covenant is said to have been accepted from the prophets, including
Mohammed, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus son of Mary.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: God is said to examine truthful speakers concerning their veracity and to
have prepared painful torment for unbelievers.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Armies of infidels came against the true believers, and God sent against them
a wind and unseen hosts of angels.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: The attackers are described as coming from above and below, while the believers’
sight was troubled and their hearts rose to their throats from fear.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: The faithful were tried and made to tremble violently.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Hypocrites and those with an infirmity in their hearts said that God and his
apostle had made only a fallacious promise.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: A party told the inhabitants of Yathreb that there was no place of security
and urged them to return home.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: Some asked the prophet for leave to depart, claiming their houses were exposed,
though the passage says their intention was to flee.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: The passage says the people had previously made a covenant with God not to
turn their backs, and that the performance of this covenant will be examined hereafter.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: The passage states that flight will not profit those fleeing from death or
slaughter.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: God is described as the only one who can protect or patronize them if he chooses
evil or mercy for them.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: Those who hinder others from following the apostle are described as coming
to battle only a little and being covetous toward the believers.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:13
text: When fear comes, such people look to the apostle for assistance with eyes
rolling like one fainting in the agonies of death; when fear passes, they speak
sharply and covet spoils.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: obs:14
text: The apostle of God is presented as an excellent example for one who hopes
in God and the last day and remembers God frequently.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: obs:15
text: The notes identify the military episode as the war of the ditch, involving
forces of the Koreish and Ghatfan confederated with Jews of al Nadhr and Koreidha
besieging Medina.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
- id: obs:16
text: The notes describe a deep ditch or entrenchment being dug around Medina for
the city’s security.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:16
- id: obs:17
text: The notes describe a cold east wind extinguishing fires, overturning tents,
disordering horses, and contributing to the confederates’ retreat while angels
cried around the camp.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:17
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The divine actor who accepts covenants, examines veracity, sends wind
and unseen hosts, knows the hinderers, and can bring evil or mercy.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:11
- ev:12
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Mohammed / apostle of God
description: Named among those from whom the covenant was accepted and later addressed
as the apostle and prophetic example for believers.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:14
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus son of Mary
description: Named prophets from whom a firm covenant was received.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: True believers / faithful
description: The addressed community besieged by armies, aided by God, tried by
fear, and told to follow the apostle’s example.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:14
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Armies of infidels / confederates
description: Hostile forces that came against the believers; the notes identify
them as Koreish and Ghatfan forces confederated with Jews of al Nadhr and Koreidha.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:15
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Hosts of angels
description: Unseen hosts sent against the enemy; the notes say angels cried around
the enemy camp.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:17
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Hypocrites and those with infirm hearts
description: People who declare the promise fallacious, urge retreat, ask leave
to depart, hinder others, fear battle, and covet spoils.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:12
- ev:13
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Inhabitants of Yathreb
description: The group addressed by a party saying there was no security and urging
them to return home.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
label: covenant receiver and examiner
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God accepts covenants and examines veracity and covenant performance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:9
- id: role:2
label: divine judge
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God prepares torment for unbelievers and may bring evil or mercy.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:11
- id: role:3
label: divine battle-aid giver
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God sends wind and unseen angelic hosts against enemy armies.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:17
- id: role:4
label: covenant prophet
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:3
basis: The passage names Mohammed and earlier prophets as covenant participants.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:5
label: apostolic exemplar
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The apostle of God is called an excellent example for those hoping in God
and the last day.
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: role:6
label: tested besieged community
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The believers are besieged, frightened, and described as tried and trembling.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:7
label: besieging enemy
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The armies come against the believers and besiege Medina in the note.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:15
- id: role:8
label: unseen heavenly host
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: The hosts of angels are unseen and are sent against the enemies.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:9
label: fearful covenant-breaker or hinderer
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: They express disbelief, seek to flee, are linked with turning backs, and
hinder others from battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:12
- id: role:10
label: threatened city inhabitants
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: They are told there is no security for them in Yathreb.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: firm covenant
literal_form: covenant accepted from prophets and later covenant not to turn backs
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:9
- id: sym:2
label: wind sent against enemies
literal_form: wind sent by God against hostile armies; in the notes, a piercing
cold east wind
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:17
- id: sym:3
label: unseen angelic hosts
literal_form: hosts of angels which the believers saw not
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: ditch or entrenchment
literal_form: deep ditch or entrenchment dug round Medina for security
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:16
- id: sym:5
label: troubled sight and hearts at throats
literal_form: sight troubled and hearts came to throats for fear
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:6
label: eyes like one fainting from death agonies
literal_form: eyes rolling like the eyes of one fainting by reason of the agonies
of death
associated_figures:
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: sym:7
label: fire extinguished by wind
literal_form: fires extinguished in the enemy camp by the cold east wind in the
note
associated_figures:
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:17
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Covenant with prophets
summary: God accepts a firm covenant from Mohammed and earlier prophets, and the
passage links this to later examination of truthfulness.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Siege and divine aid
summary: Enemy armies come against the believers, and God sends wind and unseen
angelic hosts; the notes identify the siege as the war of the ditch around Medina.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:4
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:15
- ev:16
- ev:17
- id: scene:3
label: Fear and trial of the faithful
summary: The attackers come from above and below, the believers are terrified, and
the faithful are tried and made to tremble.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Hypocritical speech and attempted flight
summary: Hypocrites call the divine promise fallacious, urge Yathreb’s inhabitants
to leave, seek permission to depart, and are described as intending to flee.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: scene:5
label: Warning about covenant, flight, and protection
summary: The passage warns that the covenant not to turn back will be examined,
that flight will not save from death or slaughter, and that none can protect besides
God.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: scene:6
label: Apostolic example
summary: After describing hinderers and fearful covetous people, the passage states
that the apostle of God is an excellent example for those who hope in God and
the last day.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- ev:13
- ev:14
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Firm covenant with divine examination
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage describes covenants accepted by God and says truthfulness and
covenant performance will be examined hereafter.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The passage does not narrate the covenant-making scene in detail; it recalls
it as a theological fact.
- id: motif:2
label: Divine aid in battle through wind and unseen hosts
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: God sends wind and unseen angelic hosts against enemy armies besieging the
believers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:17
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy family precisely names divine military intervention
by weather and angels.
- id: motif:3
label: Test of the faithful under siege
taxonomy_refs:
- initiation
basis: The faithful are besieged, terrified, and explicitly described as tried and
made to tremble.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy reference is approximate; the passage presents a communal
test rather than an initiation rite.
- id: motif:4
label: Flight cannot evade divinely governed death
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage states that flight will not profit those fleeing death or slaughter
and that only God can protect from evil or grant mercy.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: The motif is expressed as admonition rather than as a full narrative episode.
- id: motif:5
label: Prophetic exemplar for believers
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The apostle of God is described as an excellent example for those who hope
in God and the last day and remember God frequently.
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage gives a moral exemplar rather
than a wisdom tale.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The note explicitly compares Mohammed’s success by the east wind with the
destruction of Ad by the west wind, suggesting a recurring wind-as-divine-agent
pattern within the surrounding Islamic exegetical tradition.
claim_level: same_function
target: Ad perishing by the west wind
evidence_refs:
- ev:17
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The comparison is reported in Sale’s note and attributed to Mohammed’s
saying; the passage excerpt does not include the Ad episode itself.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 29576-29579
quote_or_summary: God accepted a firm covenant from the prophets, including Mohammed,
Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus son of Mary.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 29580-29582
quote_or_summary: God will examine truthful speakers concerning their veracity and
has prepared painful torment for unbelievers.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 29583-29586
quote_or_summary: Believers are told to remember God’s favor when armies came against
them and God sent a wind and unseen angelic hosts against those armies.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 29587-29590
quote_or_summary: The enemies came from above and below; the believers’ sight was
troubled and their hearts rose to their throats from fear.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: quote
locator: lines 29591-29592
quote_or_summary: '"There were the faithful tried, and made to tremble with a violent
trembling."'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 29626-29628
quote_or_summary: Hypocrites and those with an infirmity in their hearts say that
God and his apostle made only a fallacious promise.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 29629-29631
quote_or_summary: A party tells the inhabitants of Yathreb that there is no security
there and urges them to return home.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 29631-29634
quote_or_summary: Some ask leave of the prophet to depart, claiming their houses
are exposed; the passage says they intend only to flee.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 29638-29640
quote_or_summary: They had made a covenant with God not to turn their backs, and
the performance of this covenant will be examined later.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 29641-29643
quote_or_summary: The passage says flight will not profit those who flee death or
slaughter, and any worldly enjoyment would be brief.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 29644-29646
quote_or_summary: No one can defend against God if he brings evil or shows mercy;
they will find no patron or protector besides God.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 29647-29650
quote_or_summary: God knows those who hinder others from following the apostle and
who come to battle only a little.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: lines 29651-29656
quote_or_summary: When afraid, such people look for help with eyes like one fainting
in death agonies; when fear passes, they speak sharply and covet spoils.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: lines 29666-29668
quote_or_summary: The apostle of God is called an excellent example for one who
hopes in God and the last day and remembers God often.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
type: summary
locator: note d, within lines 29576-29668
quote_or_summary: Sale’s note identifies the hostile armies as Koreish and Ghatfan
forces confederated with Jews of al Nadhr and Koreidha, besieging Medina in the
war of the ditch.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:16
type: summary
locator: note e, within lines 29576-29668
quote_or_summary: Sale’s note says Mohammed ordered a deep ditch or entrenchment
dug around Medina for the security of the city.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:17
type: summary
locator: note e, within lines 29576-29668
quote_or_summary: Sale’s note says God sent a piercing cold east wind that disrupted
the confederates’ camp while angels cried around it; Mohammed is reported as saying
he gained success by the east wind and Ad perished by the west wind.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Extraction relies on the supplied translation and notes. Motif taxonomy matches
are strongest for covenant and divine judgment; other labels are broader or untaxonomized.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the provided passage text and metadata; no external taxonomy IDs or comparisons were added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l29576-l29668
passage_sha256=362a9428783084cba9d532090a5da874ad7b3845b0c691735623a5527697fa21