Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l28631-l28720

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l28631-l28720

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l28631-l28720
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XXVIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXIX. /
    IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 28631-28720
  start: '28631'
  end: '28720'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage includes editorial notes on Noah and the ark, then recounts
    Abraham threatened with death by fire and saved by God, Abraham's criticism of
    idols and announcement of resurrection judgment, his departure and descendants,
    Lot's mission to a corrupt city, angelic messengers announcing the city's destruction
    and Lot's deliverance except for his wife, the remaining sign of that judgment,
    Shoaib's rejection by Madian and their death by a storm from heaven, and the destruction
    of Ad, Thamud, Karn, Pharaoh, and Haman after rejection or insolence.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: An editorial note identifies Noah's ark and discusses traditions about Noah's
    age, preaching mission, and the Flood.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Abraham's people answer by saying to slay him or burn him, and God saves Abraham
    from the fire.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Abraham says his people have taken idols besides God to cement affection in
    this life, but on the day of resurrection they will deny and curse one another
    and have hell fire as their abode.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Lot believes Abraham, and Abraham says he flies from his people to the place
    commanded by his Lord.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: God gives Abraham Isaac and Jacob and places prophecy and scripture among
    Abraham's descendants.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Lot tells his people that they commit unprecedented filthiness, approach men
    lustfully, lie in wait in highways, and commit wickedness in their assembly.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Lot's people answer by demanding that God's vengeance be brought on them if
    Lot speaks truth, and Lot asks God to defend him against the corrupt people.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Messengers come to Abraham with good tidings and announce that they will destroy
    the inhabitants of the city because they are unjust doers.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The messengers say they know Lot dwells in the city and will deliver Lot and
    his family except his wife, who will remain behind.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage says vengeance from heaven will come upon the city's inhabitants
    and that a manifest sign has been left for people who understand.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: Shoaib is sent to Madian, calls the people to serve God and expect the last
    day, is accused of imposture, and a storm from heaven leaves the people dead and
    prostrate in their dwellings.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: The tribes of Ad and Thamud are said to have been destroyed, with their dwellings
    still known; Satan prepared their works and turned them aside from truth.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:13
  text: Karn, Pharaoh, and Haman are also said to have been destroyed after Moses
    came to them with evident miracles and they behaved insolently.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Noah
  description: Mentioned in the editorial note as a preacher to the antediluvians
    and associated with the ark and Flood traditions.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine agent who saves Abraham, commands Abraham's departure, gives
    descendants and prophecy, sends messengers, announces judgment, and destroys unjust
    peoples.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: Mentioned in an editorial note as being encouraged by the example of
    God's support for Noah.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: Threatened by his people, saved from fire by God, critic of idols,
    migrant from his people, and recipient of Isaac, Jacob, and a prophetic lineage.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Abraham's people
  description: They answer Abraham by saying to slay him or burn him and are addressed
    about idols and resurrection judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Lot
  description: Believes Abraham, admonishes his people, prays for defense against
    the corrupt people, and is promised deliverance with his family except his wife.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Lot's people / inhabitants of the city
  description: Described as unjust and wicked inhabitants who reject Lot's warning
    and are marked for heavenly vengeance.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Isaac
  description: Given to Abraham as part of Abraham's descendants.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Jacob
  description: Given to Abraham as part of Abraham's descendants.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Messengers
  description: They come to Abraham with good tidings and to Lot, announcing destruction
    and deliverance.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Lot's wife
  description: Named as the exception from the deliverance of Lot's family and one
    who will remain behind.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Shoaib
  description: Sent to the inhabitants of Madian and calls them to serve God and expect
    the last day.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Inhabitants of Madian
  description: They accuse Shoaib of imposture and are struck by a storm from heaven.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Satan
  description: Said to have prepared the works of Ad and Thamud and turned them aside
    from truth.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Ad
  description: A destroyed tribe whose remaining dwellings are mentioned.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: Thamud
  description: A destroyed tribe whose remaining dwellings are mentioned.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:17
  name_or_label: Karn
  description: Named among those destroyed after Moses came with evident miracles.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:18
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: Named among those destroyed after Moses came with evident miracles.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:19
  name_or_label: Haman
  description: Named among those destroyed after Moses came with evident miracles.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:20
  name_or_label: Moses
  description: Comes to Karn, Pharaoh, and Haman with evident miracles.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: sent preacher or prophetic warner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:12
  - fig:20
  basis: These figures preach, warn, admonish, or come with signs in the passage or
    notes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: divine savior and judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: God saves Abraham, gives descendants and prophecy, sends messengers, delivers
    Lot, and destroys wicked or insolent peoples.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: later encouraged apostle in editorial note
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The note says Noah's example encourages Mohammed and assures him of divine
    defense.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: departing faithful figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Abraham says he flies from his people to the place commanded by his Lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: rejecting or condemned people
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:13
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  - fig:18
  - fig:19
  basis: These figures or groups reject warning, are described as wicked, unjust,
    corrupt, or insolent, or are destroyed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:6
  label: delivered righteous household head
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The messengers promise to deliver Lot and his family, except his wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: descendant linked to prophecy and scripture
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: Isaac and Jacob are given to Abraham, and prophecy and scriptures are placed
    among his descendants.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: divine messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The messengers bring good tidings and announce destruction and deliverance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: one left behind from a delivered family
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Lot's wife is explicitly excepted from the deliverance and said to remain
    behind.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:10
  label: deceiver who turns people aside
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Satan is said to prepare works for Ad and Thamud and turn them aside from
    truth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: ark
  literal_form: The ark identified in the editorial note associated with Noah.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ark_vessel
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: fire
  literal_form: Fire as threatened means of killing Abraham and as hell fire in Abraham's
    warning.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: idols
  literal_form: Idols taken besides God to cement affection among Abraham's people
    in this life.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: day of resurrection
  literal_form: The day on which Abraham says the idolaters will deny and curse one
    another.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:5
  label: condemned city
  literal_form: The city whose inhabitants the messengers announce they will destroy.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: vengeance from heaven
  literal_form: Heavenly punishment brought down on Lot's city and a storm from heaven
    against Madian.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: manifest sign of destruction
  literal_form: A remaining sign, described in the note as story, ruins, stones from
    heaven, or burnt blackish ground.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: remaining dwellings
  literal_form: The dwellings of Ad and Thamud still known to the audience.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Noah note and ark identification
  summary: The editorial note discusses Noah's long preaching mission, the Flood,
    and identifies the ark.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Abraham threatened and saved from fire
  summary: Abraham's people propose killing or burning him, but God saves him from
    the fire; Abraham condemns their idols and foretells resurrection judgment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Abraham's departure and descendants
  summary: Lot believes Abraham; Abraham departs from his people to a divinely commanded
    place, and Isaac, Jacob, prophecy, and scriptures are placed among his descendants.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Lot warns his people
  summary: Lot accuses his people of unprecedented filthiness and public wickedness;
    they challenge him to bring God's vengeance, and Lot prays for defense.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Messengers announce destruction and deliverance
  summary: Messengers tell Abraham and Lot that the unjust city will be destroyed,
    while Lot and his family will be delivered except Lot's wife; the destruction
    leaves a sign.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Shoaib and Madian
  summary: Shoaib calls Madian to serve God and expect the last day; after they accuse
    him of imposture, a storm from heaven leaves them dead in their dwellings.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Destroyed earlier peoples
  summary: Ad and Thamud are destroyed, their dwellings remaining as evidence; Satan
    turns them aside, and Karn, Pharaoh, and Haman are destroyed after Moses comes
    with evident miracles.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  - fig:18
  - fig:19
  - fig:20
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine rescue from execution by fire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  basis: Abraham's people propose burning him, but God saves him from the fire.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives the rescue briefly and refers to another chapter for
    details.
- id: motif:2
  label: False idols as temporary social bond reversed at resurrection
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Abraham says the idols cement affection in this life, but on the day of resurrection
    the people will deny and curse one another and dwell in hell fire.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The interpretive focus on social bond reversal is based directly on Abraham's
    speech but should be reviewed against the Arabic context.
- id: motif:3
  label: Departure from a hostile people under divine command
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Abraham says he flies from his people to the place commanded by his Lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The destination is not specified in this passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: Prophetic lineage and scripture among descendants
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage says Isaac and Jacob are given to Abraham and that prophecy and
    scriptures are placed among Abraham's descendants.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The word covenant does not occur in the passage; the taxonomy link is
    thematic and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:5
  label: Warning to a corrupt city followed by rescue of a righteous household
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Lot warns his people; messengers announce the city's destruction and the
    deliverance of Lot and his family except his wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not name the city in the supplied excerpt.
- id: motif:6
  label: Excluded wife left behind during deliverance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Lot's wife is singled out as the exception from the deliverance of Lot's
    family and as one who will remain behind.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not explain the reason for her exclusion.
- id: motif:7
  label: Heavenly punishment leaving a visible sign
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The city receives vengeance from heaven and a manifest sign remains; the
    note interprets this sign as tradition, ruins, stones, or burnt ground.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The identification of the sign varies within the editorial note.
- id: motif:8
  label: Rejected messenger and fatal storm from heaven
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Shoaib is accused of imposture by Madian, after which a storm from heaven
    kills them in their dwellings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage provides no further description of the storm.
- id: motif:9
  label: Ruined dwellings as evidence of destroyed peoples
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The destruction of Ad and Thamud is said to be known from what remains of
    their dwellings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives the remains as a reminder but does not describe them
    in detail.
- id: motif:10
  label: Deceiver turns sagacious people aside from truth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: Satan prepares the works of Ad and Thamud and turns them aside from the way
    of truth, although they were sagacious.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy link is approximate; the passage names Satan rather than
    a generic trickster.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 28631-28658
  quote_or_summary: Editorial notes discuss Noah's age and preaching mission, the
    Flood, the ark, and the encouragement of Mohammed by Noah's example.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 28659-28668
  quote_or_summary: Abraham's people say, "Slay him, or burn him," but God saves him
    from the fire; Abraham says idols cement affection in this life and that on the
    day of resurrection the people will deny and curse one another and dwell in hell
    fire.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation and summary.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 28669-28675
  quote_or_summary: Lot believes Abraham; Abraham says he flees to the place commanded
    by his Lord; Isaac and Jacob are given to Abraham, and prophecy and scriptures
    are placed among his descendants.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 28676-28686
  quote_or_summary: Lot is sent to his people, condemns their filthiness, lust, highway
    conduct, and assembly wickedness; they demand God's vengeance if he speaks truth,
    and Lot prays for defense against the corrupt people.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 28687-28700
  quote_or_summary: Messengers come to Abraham and Lot, announce destruction of the
    unjust city, promise to deliver Lot and his family except his wife, and say vengeance
    from heaven will be brought down, leaving a manifest sign.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 28701-28707
  quote_or_summary: Shoaib is sent to Madian, tells them to serve God and expect the
    last day; they accuse him of imposture, and a storm from heaven leaves them dead
    and prostrate in their dwellings.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 28708-28715
  quote_or_summary: Ad and Thamud are destroyed, with remains of their dwellings known;
    Satan turns them aside; Karn, Pharaoh, and Haman are destroyed after Moses comes
    with evident miracles and they act insolently.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 28716-28720
  quote_or_summary: The editorial note explains the manifest sign as the story of
    destruction, ruins, other traces, stones said to have fallen from heaven, or burnt
    blackish ground.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied excerpt and its notes. Motif labels
    using taxonomy references are candidates and require human review, especially
    where the taxonomy term is broader than the wording of the passage.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the supplied passage does not itself develop a comparative claim beyond internal cross-references and editorial notes.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l28631-l28720
  passage_sha256=55909ee206460ad7392fcbd906649b9f0bd628f58b25891f37e4f92b1845687f