batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l2815-l2861
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l2815-l2861
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: THE KORAN. / PRELIMINARY DISCOURSE / SECTION I. / SECTION II.; lines 2815-2861
start: '2815'
end: '2861'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage describes oaths and pledges made by converts from Medina to
Mohammed: an earlier oath renouncing idolatry and immoral acts, the sending of
Masb Ebn Omair to instruct them, the spread of Islam in Medina, and a later nighttime
meeting at al Akaba where the Medinan party pledged to protect Mohammed in return
for fidelity and the promise of Paradise if killed. Mohammed then chose twelve
from among them to hold authority, compared in the passage to the twelve apostles
of Christ.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: An oath required renunciation of idolatry, theft, fornication, child-killing,
calumny, and required obedience to the prophet in reasonable things.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: After the oath, Mohammed sent Masb Ebn Omair with the converts to instruct
them further in the new religion.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Masb arrived at Medina and, with assistance from earlier converts, gained
several proselytes, including named leaders of the city and tribe of Aws.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: In the thirteenth year of Mohammed's mission, a group from Medina including
seventy-three men and two women who had professed Islamism came to Mecca.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: The Medinan party offered Mohammed assistance because his Meccan adversaries
had become powerful and his remaining in Mecca involved imminent danger.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Mohammed met the Medinan party at night at al Akaba, accompanied by his uncle
al Abbas.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: Al Abbas warned the Medinan party not to deceive Mohammed and to declare whether
they were firmly resolved to defend him and not betray him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: Mohammed swore faithfulness to the Medinan party on condition that they protect
him as heartily as their own wives and families.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: When asked what recompense they would receive if killed in his quarrel, Mohammed
answered, Paradise.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: The Medinan party pledged their faith to Mohammed and returned home.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: Mohammed chose twelve from among the group to have authority among them.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: The passage states that before the second oath at al Akaba Mohammed had no
permission to use force and had propagated his religion by persuasion rather than
compulsion.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: Religious leader who receives oaths, sends Masb to instruct converts,
accepts Medinan assistance, swears fidelity to them, promises Paradise, and chooses
twelve leaders.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:11
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Masb Ebn Omair
description: Disciple sent by Mohammed with the converts to instruct them more fully,
later active in Medina gaining proselytes.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Medinan converts and delegation
description: People from Medina who profess Islamism, offer assistance to Mohammed,
pledge faith, and promise protection.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: al Abbas
description: Mohammed's uncle, not then a believer, who accompanies him and warns
the Medinan party not to deceive or betray him.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Osaid Ebn Hodeira
description: A chief man of Medina named among those gained as proselytes.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Saad Ebn Modh
description: Prince of the tribe of Aws named among those gained as proselytes.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Twelve chosen representatives
description: Twelve selected from the Medinan group to have authority among them.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Meccan adversaries
description: Opponents whose power made Mohammed's remaining in Mecca dangerous.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
label: oath-receiving prophet
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage describes oaths and pledges made to Mohammed, and obedience to
the prophet is part of the oath.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: role:2
label: leader seeking protection and asylum
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage says Mohammed was obliged to quit his native city and seek asylum
elsewhere, and that the Medinans offered protection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:3
label: religious instructor and missionary
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Masb is sent to instruct converts and later gains proselytes in Medina.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: pledging protectors
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The Medinan party pledges faith and is asked to protect Mohammed against
insults as they would their own families.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: role:5
label: converts from Medina
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The passage identifies the group as people of Medina who had professed Islamism.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:6
label: kinsman mediator and admonisher
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Al Abbas accompanies Mohammed and warns the Medinans against deception or
betrayal.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:7
label: notable proselyte
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:6
basis: Both are named as prominent persons gained among the proselytes at Medina.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:8
label: appointed twelve authorities
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Mohammed chooses twelve to have authority among the Medinan group.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:9
label: threatening opponents
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Their growing power makes Mohammed's staying in Mecca dangerous.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: oath of fealty
literal_form: solemn oath or pledge
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:12
- id: sym:2
label: al Akaba meeting place
literal_form: nighttime meeting place at al Akaba
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:3
label: Paradise as recompense
literal_form: Paradise promised if protectors are killed
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:4
label: number twelve
literal_form: twelve chosen authorities
associated_figures:
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Earlier oath and instruction
summary: Converts take an oath renouncing specified practices and promising reasonable
obedience, after which Mohammed sends Masb to instruct them further.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Conversions in Medina
summary: Masb arrives in Medina and gains several proselytes with help from earlier
converts, including prominent local figures.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Night pledge at al Akaba
summary: A Medinan delegation meets Mohammed by night at al Akaba; al Abbas warns
them, Mohammed swears fidelity on condition of protection, and Paradise is named
as the recompense if they are killed.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: scene:4
label: Appointment of twelve authorities
summary: After the pledge, Mohammed chooses twelve from the group to hold authority
among them.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: scene:5
label: Persuasion before force
summary: The passage characterizes Mohammed's earlier propagation as persuasion
rather than compulsion before the second oath at al Akaba.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: covenant through oath of allegiance
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The passage repeatedly frames the relationship between Mohammed and the Medinan
converts through solemn oath, sworn fidelity, conditions of protection, and pledged
faith.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:12
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is historical-discursive rather than mythic narrative; the
motif label identifies a structural pattern in the passage.
- id: motif:2
label: protection exchanged for promised Paradise
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: The Medinan party asks what recompense they should expect if killed in Mohammed's
quarrel, and Mohammed answers, Paradise, before they pledge faith.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage states a religious recompense but does not elaborate an afterlife
journey or judgment scene.
- id: motif:3
label: leader's departure from native city and search for asylum
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: Al Abbas says Mohammed is obliged to quit his native city and seek asylum
elsewhere, and the Medinans offer protection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:7
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage anticipates the departure rather than narrating the full journey.
- id: motif:4
label: appointment of twelve authorized representatives
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Mohammed chooses twelve from the Medinan group to have authority among them,
and the passage explicitly compares their authority to that of Christ's twelve
apostles among his disciples.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
confidence: medium
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names this motif; the comparison
is supplied by the passage's authorial note.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage compares Mohammed's twelve appointed authorities among the Medinan
group to the twelve apostles of Christ among his disciples.
claim_level: same_function
target: the twelve apostles of Christ
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is an explicit comparison in the passage, but it concerns functional
authority and number; it does not establish historical contact or equivalence
of broader traditions.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 2815-2822
quote_or_summary: The oath requires renouncing idolatry, theft, fornication, child-killing,
calumnies, and obeying the prophet in reasonable things.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 2822-2825
quote_or_summary: After the solemn engagement, Mohammed sends Masb Ebn Omair home
with the converts to instruct them more fully in the new religion.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 2826-2831
quote_or_summary: Masb arrives at Medina and gains several proselytes, including
Osaid Ebn Hodeira and Saad Ebn Modh; the new religion spreads through households.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 2832-2835
quote_or_summary: In the thirteenth year of Mohammed's mission, Masb returns to
Mecca with seventy-three men and two women of Medina who had professed Islamism,
plus others not yet believers.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 2835-2839
quote_or_summary: The Medinan party offers Mohammed assistance; his adversaries
in Mecca have grown so powerful that remaining there would place him in imminent
danger.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 2839-2841
quote_or_summary: Mohammed accepts the proposal and meets the Medinan party one
night at al Akaba, attended by his uncle al Abbas.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 2841-2847
quote_or_summary: Al Abbas says Mohammed is obliged to quit his native city and
seek asylum elsewhere, and warns the Medinan party not to deceive him if they
are not firmly resolved to defend him and not betray him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 2848-2851
quote_or_summary: After they protest sincerity, Mohammed swears to be faithful to
them if they protect him against insults as heartily as their own wives and families.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: quote
locator: lines 2851-2853
quote_or_summary: When asked what recompense they should expect if killed, "he answered,
Paradise."
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; short quotation.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 2853-2854
quote_or_summary: The Medinan party pledges faith to Mohammed and returns home.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 2854-2857
quote_or_summary: Mohammed chooses twelve from their number to have the same authority
among them as the twelve apostles of Christ had among his disciples.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 2858-2861
quote_or_summary: The passage says Mohammed had propagated his religion by persuasion
only before his flight to Medina and before the second oath of fealty at al Akaba,
with no permission to use force.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: high
notes: The events, figures, and the explicit comparison to the twelve apostles are
directly stated in the supplied passage. Motif classification is more interpretive
because the passage is historical-discursive rather than a mythic episode.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only supplied passage and metadata. No external taxonomy IDs were added beyond available motif-family references.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l2815-l2861
passage_sha256=da64a651329eea367bfaeb66fda2d27a87f03fa397a87cacbe3ab57fb866f08e