batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l2765-l2812
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l2765-l2812
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: THE KORAN. / PRELIMINARY DISCOURSE / SECTION I. / SECTION II.; lines 2765-2812
start: '2765'
end: '2812'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage narrates Mohammed's retreat to Tyet with Zeid, his rejection
there, his return under protection, continued preaching at pilgrimage assemblies,
the gaining of Yathreb converts, his announcement of a night journey from Mecca
to Jerusalem and heaven, reactions to that announcement, Abu Becr's support, and
an oath of fidelity taken by twelve men of Yathreb at al Akaba.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Mohammed, accompanied by his servant Zeid, went to Tyet as a place of retreat
after being obliged to seek shelter elsewhere.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The chiefs of Thakf received Mohammed coldly, and later slaves and inferior
people compelled him to leave the city and return to Mecca.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: After returning to Mecca, Mohammed placed himself under the protection of
al Motam Ebn Adi.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:4
text: Mohammed continued preaching at public assemblies during the pilgrimage and
gained proselytes, including six inhabitants of Yathreb from the Khazraj tribe.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: The passage says Mohammed announced that he had made a night journey from
Mecca to Jerusalem and from there to heaven.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: The passage reports an interpretation that the announced heavenly journey
involved claiming conversation with God and receiving institutions from him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: Several followers are said to have left Mohammed after the night-journey story,
while Abu Becr vouched for his truthfulness.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: Twelve men of Yathreb or Medina came to Mecca and took an oath of fidelity
to Mohammed at al Akaba, a hill north of the city.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: The central preacher and prophet-figure described as retreating, preaching,
announcing a night journey, and receiving an oath of fidelity.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:6
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Zeid
description: Mohammed's servant who accompanied him to Tyet.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: chiefs of the tribe of Thakf
description: Two chiefs at Tyet to whom Mohammed applied and who received him coldly.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: slaves and inferior people at Tyet
description: People who rose against Mohammed and forced him to depart from the
city.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: al Motam Ebn Adi
description: The person under whose protection Mohammed placed himself after returning
to Mecca.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: six inhabitants of Yathreb of Khazraj
description: Proselytes gained by Mohammed who returned home and commended the new
religion.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: God
description: The divine being with whom Mohammed is said, in the passage's account,
to have claimed conversation in heaven.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Gabriel
description: The angelic mediator through whom Mohammed was previously said to have
received things, according to the passage.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Moses
description: A comparative figure described as having conversed with God in the
mount and received institutions.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Abu Becr
description: The supporter who vouched for Mohammed's veracity regarding the night-journey
story.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: twelve men of Yathreb or Medina
description: A group of men who came to Mecca and took an oath of fidelity to Mohammed
at al Akaba.
role_refs:
- role:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
label: rejected retreat-seeker
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: He sought shelter at Tyet but was received coldly and compelled to depart.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: public preacher
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: He continued to preach at public assemblies during the pilgrimage.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:3
label: announcer of night journey
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: He gave out that he had made a night journey from Mecca to Jerusalem and
heaven.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: recipient of fidelity oath
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Twelve men took an oath of fidelity to him at al Akaba.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:5
label: servant companion
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Zeid accompanied Mohammed to Tyet and is identified as his servant.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:6
label: cold receivers
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The chiefs of Thakf received Mohammed very coldly.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:7
label: expellers
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: They rose against Mohammed and obliged him to depart.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:8
label: protector
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Mohammed placed himself under al Motam Ebn Adi's protection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:9
label: new proselytes and transmitters
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: They were gained as proselytes and returned home commending the new religion.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:10
label: divine interlocutor
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: The passage says Mohammed was represented as pretending to have conversed
with God in heaven.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:11
label: angelic mediator
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: The passage says Mohammed had earlier attributed what he received to the
ministry of Gabriel.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:12
label: Mosaic comparator
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Moses is invoked as a precedent for conversing with God on the mount and
receiving institutions.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:13
label: veracity-voucher
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Abu Becr declared that if Mohammed affirmed the story, he believed it.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:14
label: oath-takers
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: They came to Mecca and took an oath of fidelity at al Akaba.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: night journey route
literal_form: Mecca to Jerusalem and thence to heaven
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:2
label: heaven
literal_form: heaven as the destination where conversation with God is claimed
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: sym:3
label: mount of Moses
literal_form: the mount where Moses had conversed with God
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: al Akaba hill
literal_form: a hill north of Mecca where the oath of fidelity was taken
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:5
label: oath of fidelity
literal_form: an oath taken by twelve men of Yathreb or Medina to Mohammed
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Retreat to Tyet and expulsion
summary: Mohammed travels with Zeid to Tyet seeking shelter, is coldly received
by local chiefs, and is later forced by lower-status inhabitants to leave and
return to Mecca.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Preaching and Yathreb proselytes
summary: Despite discouragement among his followers, Mohammed continues public preaching
during pilgrimage assemblies and gains several proselytes from Yathreb, who promote
the religion on returning home.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:6
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Announcement of the night journey
summary: Mohammed is said to announce that he made a night journey from Mecca to
Jerusalem and then to heaven; the passage frames this as a claim to divine conversation
and immediate institutions.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Crisis of belief and Abu Becr's support
summary: The night-journey story causes some followers to leave, but Abu Becr supports
Mohammed's truthfulness, which the passage says restores and increases his credit.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Oath at al Akaba
summary: Twelve men of Yathreb or Medina come to Mecca and take an oath of fidelity
to Mohammed at al Akaba, a hill north of the city.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: night ascent to heaven
taxonomy_refs:
- ascent
basis: The passage states that Mohammed announced a night journey from Mecca to
Jerusalem and then to heaven.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is a later translator's preliminary discourse and presents
the event through polemical framing rather than as a Qur'anic narrative excerpt.
- id: motif:2
label: divine encounter as legitimating revelation
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The passage says the claimed heavenly encounter involved conversation with
God and receiving institutions immediately from him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The claim is reported through the author's interpretation of Mohammed's
motives; the passage does not give a direct sacred narrative in Mohammed's own
words.
- id: motif:3
label: fidelity oath forming a covenantal community
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: Twelve men of Yathreb or Medina take an oath of fidelity to Mohammed at al
Akaba.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The term covenant is not used in the passage; the classification rests
on the oath of fidelity.
- id: motif:4
label: rejected preacher seeking refuge
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: Mohammed seeks retreat at Tyet, is rejected, and returns to Mecca under another
person's protection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a biographical movement pattern rather than an explicitly mythic
departure scene in the passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage itself compares Mohammed's claimed heavenly conversation with
God to Moses conversing with God on the mount and receiving institutions.
claim_level: same_function
target: Mosaic mount revelation tradition
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: This is the passage author's comparison and does not by itself establish
historical contact, common inheritance, or equivalence of the two traditions.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage reports an interpretation that Mohammed's sayings could be made
to serve a function like the Jewish oral law.
claim_level: same_function
target: Jewish oral law as a legitimating oral tradition
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: This is attributed to Dr. Prideaux's speculation and is not a narrative
motif stated by the passage's sacred source.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 2765-2775
quote_or_summary: Mohammed goes with Zeid to Tyet seeking retreat; chiefs of Thakf
receive him coldly; lower-status people force him to leave; he returns to Mecca
under al Motam Ebn Adi's protection.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 2776-2782
quote_or_summary: Mohammed continues public preaching at pilgrimage assemblies,
gains proselytes, including six Khazraj inhabitants of Yathreb, who commend the
religion after returning home.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: lines 2783-2785
quote_or_summary: '"his night journey from Mecca to Jerusalem and thence to heaven"'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 2785-2798
quote_or_summary: The passage discusses interpretations of the night journey, including
claimed conversation with God, comparison to Moses on the mount, receiving institutions
immediately from God, and earlier reception through Gabriel.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 2799-2808
quote_or_summary: The story is said to have caused several followers to leave; Abu
Becr vouched for Mohammed's veracity, restoring and increasing his credit according
to the passage.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 2809-2812
quote_or_summary: Twelve men of Yathreb or Medina come to Mecca and take an oath
of fidelity to Mohammed at al Akaba, a hill north of the city; the oath is called
the women's oath.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The passage provides clear biographical events and explicit comparison to
Moses, but its interpretive tone is polemical and secondary; motif labels should
be reviewed by a human editor.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Extraction uses only the supplied passage and metadata. The passage is from Sale's preliminary discourse, not a direct Qur'anic verse passage.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l2765-l2812
passage_sha256=e57f5862c240bbff7df3ded73d875c1478fe25ee9788a252f3b28a5bfb6bd0b1