Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l27557-l27599

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l27557-l27599

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l27557-l27599
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: ENTITLED, AL FORKAN; REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL
    GOD. / CHAPTER XXVI. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 27557-27599
  start: '27557'
  end: '27599'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Commentary notes explain God observing the prophet during night devotion
    and care for the Muslims' duties; a report of Mohammed privately inspecting companions'
    houses and finding them absorbed in Qur'an recitation and prayer; alternative
    explanations of prayer postures; a defense against charges of communication with
    devils; devils as secret inspirers or eavesdroppers on angelic discourse; criticism
    of ancient poetry; and approval of Muslim poets who praise God, defend the faith,
    and use satire against attackers.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The note glosses the passage as God seeing the prophet when he rises for night
    religious exercises and observing his care for the Muslims' performance of duty.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A reported tradition says Mohammed went privately from house to house and
    found his companions intent on reading the Koran and repeating prayers, with their
    houses compared to nests of hornets because of the humming noise.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: 'Some commentators interpret the prophet''s behavior as the prayer postures
    used while leading his companions: standing, bowing, prostration, and sitting.'
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The commentary states that the prophet is vindicated from the charge of communication
    with devils by the opposition between his doctrine and their designs and by their
    inability to compose a book as consistent as the Koran.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The commentary identifies liars and slanderers, described as the prophet's
    enemies and opposers, as the persons most likely to correspond with evil spirits.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The commentary says devils may secretly inspire earthly correspondents, or
    may impart incoherent scraps of angelic discourse that they hear by stealth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Ancient poetry is characterized as wild and full of vain imaginations, including
    fabulous stories, love verses, flattery, reproaches, incitements to vice, and
    vainglorious boasting.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Poets who embraced Mohammedism are described as praising God, establishing
    divine unity, and exhorting obedience and moral virtue, while using satire defensively
    against attackers.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The commentary names Labid Ebn Raba, Abda'llah Ebn Rawha, Hassn Ebn Thabet,
    and the two Caabs as poets used by Mohammed to defend himself and religion from
    insult and ridicule.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: A saying attributed to Mohammed tells Caab Ebn Malec to attack opponents with
    satires, stating that satires wound more deeply than arrows.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine observer who sees the prophet's night rising and care for
    the Muslims' duties.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Mohammed / the prophet
  description: The prophet engaged in night religious exercises, leading prayer postures,
    defending himself from charges of communication with devils, and employing poets
    for religious defense.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Moslems / companions
  description: The prophet's companions, described as reading the Koran and repeating
    prayers in their houses, and as being led in prayer postures.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Devils / evil spirits
  description: Beings alleged by opponents to communicate with the prophet, but described
    instead as associated with liars and slanderers, secret inspiration, and stealthy
    hearing of angelic discourse.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Liars and slanderers / enemies and opposers
  description: Persons said to be most likely to correspond with evil spirits.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Heavenly beings whose discourse is described as being heard in scraps
    by devils stealthily.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Ancient poets
  description: Poets whose compositions are described as wild, vain, flattering, reproachful,
    vicious, and vainglorious.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Muslim poets named in the commentary
  description: Labid Ebn Raba, Abda'llah Ebn Rawha, Hassn Ebn Thabet, and the two
    Caabs, described as poets employed to defend Mohammed and religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine observer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is described as seeing the prophet during night devotion and observing
    his care for Muslim duty.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: night devotee
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The prophet is described as rising to watch and spend the night in religious
    exercises.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: prayer leader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Some commentators explain his behavior as standing, bowing, prostrating,
    and sitting while praying at the head of his companions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: devout companions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They are found intent on reading the Koran and repeating prayers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: secret inspirers or eavesdroppers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The devils are described as secretly inspiring correspondents or conveying
    scraps of angelic discourse heard by stealth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: earthly correspondents of evil spirits
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Liars and slanderers are identified as the persons most likely to correspond
    with evil spirits.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: defended prophet and religious leader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The commentary says he vindicates himself from charges involving devils and
    employs poets to defend himself and religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: source of overheard heavenly discourse
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The devils are said to hear scraps of angels' discourse by stealth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: profane or vain poets
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Their compositions are described as full of vain imaginations and morally
    suspect themes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: religious defenders through poetry
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: These poets are said to praise God, establish divine unity, exhort virtue,
    and defend the prophet and religion from ridicule.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: night religious exercises
  literal_form: watching, night prayer, Koran recitation, repeated prayers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: prayer postures
  literal_form: standing, bowing, prostration, and sitting
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: secret inspiration and stolen discourse
  literal_form: devils' secret inspiration and stealth-heard scraps of angels' discourse
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: satire as arrows
  literal_form: satires said to wound more deeply than arrows
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Night devotion and inspection of companions
  summary: The commentary describes the prophet rising at night for religious exercises
    and reports that he privately visits companions' houses, finding them absorbed
    in Koran recitation and prayer.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Prayer postures before companions
  summary: An alternate commentary interpretation explains the prophet's behavior
    as the sequence of postures used when praying at the head of his companions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Refutation of demonic communication
  summary: The commentary states that the prophet rejects accusations of communication
    with devils, arguing that his doctrine opposes their designs and that they could
    not compose a consistent book like the Koran.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Devils, slanderers, and overheard angelic discourse
  summary: The commentary associates evil spirits with liars and slanderers, explaining
    that devils may secretly inspire them or convey scraps of angelic discourse heard
    by stealth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Poetry judged and redirected to religious defense
  summary: The commentary contrasts ancient poetry's vain and immoral themes with
    Muslim poets who praise God, affirm divine unity, exhort virtue, and defend Mohammed
    and religion with satire.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: night vigil and communal devotion
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage describes the prophet's night religious exercises and companions'
    household recitation and prayers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a devotional pattern in commentary rather than a developed narrative
    motif.
- id: motif:2
  label: illicit access to heavenly speech
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: Devils are described as hearing scraps of angels' discourse by stealth and
    passing incoherent suggestions to earthly correspondents.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The commentary notes uncertainty about the grammatical subject, so the
    exact direction of transmission is not fully fixed.
- id: motif:3
  label: sacred speech used for religious defense
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Muslim poets are described as praising God, affirming divine unity, exhorting
    virtue, and using satire to defend the prophet and religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage discusses literary and polemical practice more than mythic
    narrative action.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The devils' stealthy hearing of angelic discourse functions like the available
    forbidden-knowledge motif family because lower or hostile beings illicitly access
    higher speech and transmit fragments to humans.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: forbidden_knowledge motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage is exegetical commentary and gives an alternative grammatical
    reading; it does not narrate a full theft-of-knowledge episode.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27557-27561
  quote_or_summary: God is glossed as seeing the prophet when he rises for night religious
    exercises and observing his care for the Muslims' performance of duty.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27561-27566
  quote_or_summary: A reported tradition says Mohammed privately visited houses to
    see how companions spent the time and found them intent on Koran reading and prayer,
    with their houses compared to nests of hornets because of the humming sound.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27566-27570
  quote_or_summary: 'Some commentators say the prophet''s behavior refers to the postures
    used in prayer at the head of his companions: standing, bowing, prostration, and
    sitting.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27571-27576
  quote_or_summary: The prophet is said to vindicate himself from the charge of communication
    with devils through the opposition between his doctrine and their designs and
    their inability to compose a consistent book like the Koran.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27574-27577
  quote_or_summary: The commentary says the persons most likely to correspond with
    evil spirits are liars and slanderers, identified as the prophet's enemies and
    opposers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27578-27584
  quote_or_summary: The commentary explains that devils may secretly inspire earthly
    correspondents, or may convey incoherent scraps of angels' discourse that they
    hear by stealth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27585-27591
  quote_or_summary: Ancient poetry is described as wild and full of vain imaginations,
    including fabulous stories, love verses, flattery, reproaches, vice-incitement,
    and vainglorious boasting.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27592-27598
  quote_or_summary: Poets who embraced Mohammedism are described as praising God,
    establishing divine unity, exhorting obedience and moral virtue, and avoiding
    profane or unjust satire.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27598-27605
  quote_or_summary: The commentary says Mohammed employed poets including Labid Ebn
    Raba, Abda'llah Ebn Rawha, Hassn Ebn Thabet, and the two Caabs to defend himself
    and religion from insults and ridicule.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 27605-27608
  quote_or_summary: A saying attributed to Mohammed tells Caab Ebn Malec to ply opponents
    with satires, which are said to wound more deeply than arrows.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary generated from supplied
    passage.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is mainly translator/exegetical commentary rather than continuous
    narrative. Some evidence locators slightly exceed the supplied line-range label
    because the supplied passage text includes continuation lines after 27599.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. No external identifications or taxonomy IDs beyond the provided available refs were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l27557-l27599
  passage_sha256=070c88d004c2323fb53b6e4d332a337ff79fd75e2f972b50ab0736c058252310