batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l26901-l26959
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l26901-l26959
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXV. / ENTITLED, AL FORKAN;
REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 26901-26959
start: '26901'
end: '26959'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage includes notes and verses describing regret over a misleading
friend, the devil as betrayer, rejection of the Koran, wicked enemies appointed
to prophets, gradual revelation, punishment in hell, the missions of Moses and
Aaron, the drowning of Noah's people, the destruction of earlier peoples, and
a fatal-rain city passed by the Koreish without dread of resurrection.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A note says some interpreters connect the regretted friend with Okba Ebn Abi
Moait and Obba Ebn Khalf, describing profession of Islam for a meal, later public
insult to Mohammed, and subsequent deaths after battles.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: A speaker laments having taken a certain person as friend and says that friend
seduced him from God's admonition after it came to him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: The passage states that the devil is the betrayer of man.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: The apostle says his people considered the Koran to be a vain composition.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: The passage says every prophet has an enemy from among the wicked, while the
Lord is sufficient as director and defender.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: Unbelievers ask why the Koran was not sent down entire at once; the answer
states that it was revealed gradually to confirm the prophet's heart.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: Those dragged on their faces into hell are described as being in the worst
condition and farthest from the way of salvation.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: Moses is said to have received the book of the law, and Aaron his brother
was appointed as counsellor.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: Moses and Aaron are commanded to go to people who charge God's signs with
falsehood, and those people are destroyed with a signal destruction.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:10
text: The people of Noah accused the apostles of imposture, were drowned, and were
made a sign to mankind.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:11
text: Ad, Thamud, those who dwelt at al Rass, and many other generations are named
as groups given examples for admonition and then destroyed.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:12
text: The Koreish are said to have passed frequently near a city that was rained
on by a fatal rain, yet not to have dreaded resurrection.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Regretful speaker
description: The person who says he should not have taken a certain one for his
friend.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Misleading friend
description: The friend said to have seduced the speaker from God's admonition.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Devil
description: Named as the betrayer of man.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: The apostle
description: The apostle who says his people treated the Koran as a vain composition.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: The Lord / God
description: The divine speaker or agent who reveals, directs, defends, gives books,
sends admonition, and destroys rejecting peoples.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Unbelievers
description: Those who question why the Koran was not sent down entire at once.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Moses
description: Receiver of the book of the law and brother of Aaron.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Aaron
description: Brother of Moses appointed as his counsellor.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: People charging signs with falsehood
description: The people to whom Moses and Aaron are sent and who are destroyed.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: People of Noah
description: A people who accused apostles of imposture, were drowned, and were
made a sign.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Ad, Thamud, dwellers at al Rass, and other generations
description: Past communities named as admonished by examples and destroyed.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Koreish
description: People said to pass near the fatal-rain city without dreading resurrection.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Okba Ebn Abi Moait
description: In a note, identified by some as connected with the regretted friend
episode; he is described as professing Islam for Mohammed to eat with him, later
insulting Mohammed, and being executed after Bedr.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Obba Ebn Khalf
description: In a note, Okba's intimate friend who reproached him and demanded an
insult to Mohammed.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:15
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: In the note, the prophet whom Okba invited, later insulted, and who
wounded Obba at Ohod.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
roles:
- id: role:1
label: Divine revealer, director, defender, and judge
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The Lord reveals the Koran gradually, directs and defends, gives scripture,
and destroys rejecting peoples.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:2
label: Prophet or apostolic messenger
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:7
- fig:15
basis: The passage names the apostle, Moses, and Mohammed in prophetic contexts.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:6
- id: role:3
label: Rejecters or questioners of revelation
assigned_to:
- fig:6
- fig:9
- fig:12
basis: These figures question the Koran, charge signs with falsehood, or fail to
dread resurrection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: role:4
label: Seducer or betrayer
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:14
basis: The friend seduces from admonition, the devil betrays man, and Obba is described
as pressing Okba to insult Mohammed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: Led-astray or regretful person
assigned_to:
- fig:1
- fig:13
basis: The speaker regrets taking the friend; the note identifies the episode by
some with Okba's conduct.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: Brother-counsellor
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Aaron is explicitly called Moses's brother and counsellor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:7
label: Admonished and destroyed community
assigned_to:
- fig:10
- fig:11
basis: Noah's people and the named earlier generations are described as rejecting,
receiving examples, and being destroyed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Divine admonition
literal_form: The admonition of God that had come to the speaker.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: Koran as revealed composition
literal_form: The Koran, treated by opponents as a vain composition and revealed
in distinct parcels.
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: sym:3
label: Gradual descent of revelation
literal_form: The Koran sent down not all at once but gradually by distinct parcels.
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: Face-dragging into hell
literal_form: Persons dragged on their faces into hell.
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: Book of the law
literal_form: The book of the law delivered to Moses.
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:6
label: Destructive water
literal_form: Drowning of Noah's people and fatal rain on a city.
associated_figures:
- fig:10
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: sym:7
label: Destroyed city as warning sign
literal_form: A city rained on by a fatal rain and passed by the Koreish.
associated_figures:
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:8
label: Resurrection
literal_form: The resurrection that the Koreish have not dreaded.
associated_figures:
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Regret over a misleading friend
summary: A speaker laments taking a friend who led him away from God's admonition,
and the passage states that the devil betrays man.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Commentarial story of Okba and Obba
summary: A note recounts a proposed identification in which Okba professes Islam
for social reasons, is pressured by Obba to insult Mohammed, and later dies after
capture at Bedr, while Obba dies after a wound at Ohod.
figure_refs:
- fig:13
- fig:14
- fig:15
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:3
label: Rejection and gradual revelation of the Koran
summary: The apostle complains that his people treat the Koran as vain; unbelievers
demand a complete revelation all at once, while the answer emphasizes gradual
revelation to confirm the prophet's heart.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Eschatological punishment
summary: The passage describes persons dragged on their faces into hell as being
in the worst condition and farthest from salvation.
figure_refs: []
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Moses and Aaron sent to rejecting people
summary: Moses receives the law, Aaron is appointed as counsellor, and both are
sent to people who charge signs with falsehood before those people are destroyed.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:6
label: Past peoples destroyed as signs and admonitions
summary: Noah's people are drowned and made a sign; Ad, Thamud, al Rass, and other
generations are also described as admonished by examples and utterly destroyed.
figure_refs:
- fig:10
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: scene:7
label: Fatal-rain city and failure to dread resurrection
summary: The Koreish pass near a city destroyed by fatal rain but are said not to
dread the resurrection.
figure_refs:
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Misleading friend causes spiritual loss
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The speaker regrets taking a friend who seduced him from God's admonition;
the note gives a concrete story of pressure from an intimate friend.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: The note says the identification with Okba is only supposed by some.
- id: motif:2
label: Devil as betrayer of humanity
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage explicitly states that the devil is the betrayer of man.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: ''
- id: motif:3
label: Prophet opposed by wicked enemies
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage says every prophet has an enemy from among the wicked, while
the Lord remains the prophet's director and defender.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: ''
- id: motif:4
label: Gradual revelation strengthens the prophet
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The unbelievers demand a complete revelation at once, but the response says
the Koran is revealed gradually to confirm the prophet's heart and answer questions
with truth and interpretation.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy reference to wisdom is broad; the passage emphasizes revelation
and interpretation rather than an explicit wisdom figure.
- id: motif:5
label: Divine judgment through punishment and destruction
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage describes hell punishment and multiple destroyed communities
who rejected signs or apostles.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: ''
- id: motif:6
label: Flood or rain as destructive judgment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Noah's people are drowned, and another city is described as rained on by
a fatal rain.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The available motif family 'flood_and_renewal' is not cited because this
passage stresses destruction and warning, not renewal.
- id: motif:7
label: Destroyed peoples as admonitory signs
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Noah's people are made a sign to mankind, and Ad, Thamud, al Rass, and other
generations are given examples for admonition before destruction.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: ''
- id: motif:8
label: Resurrection ignored despite visible ruins
taxonomy_refs:
- resurrection
basis: The Koreish pass near the fatal-rain city but are said not to dread the resurrection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: ''
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: Within the passage, the stories of Moses's opponents, Noah's people, Ad,
Thamud, al Rass, other generations, and the fatal-rain city function similarly
as precedents warning later hearers about rejection and divine destruction.
claim_level: same_function
target: Admonitory destruction narratives named in the passage
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is an internal functional comparison only; it does not establish
historical contact or a single source tradition.
- id: claim:2
claim: The drowning of Noah's people and the fatal rain on the city share a water-based
mode of destructive judgment in this passage.
claim_level: same_function
target: Water as an instrument of divine punishment
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage does not develop a general water symbolism beyond these
destruction notices.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, note c
quote_or_summary: A note says some relate the regretted friend to Okba Ebn Abi Moait
and Obba Ebn Khalf, describing Okba's temporary profession, Obba's pressure to
insult Mohammed, and later deaths after Bedr and Ohod.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: lines 26901-26959, verse 30 and following line
quote_or_summary: The speaker laments taking such a one for his friend; the friend
seduced him from God's admonition, and the devil is called the betrayer of man.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; short excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, following verse 30
quote_or_summary: The apostle says his people considered the Koran a vain composition;
the passage states that every prophet has an enemy from among the wicked and that
the Lord is sufficient as director and defender.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, unbelievers' question about the Koran
quote_or_summary: Unbelievers demand that the Koran be sent down entire at once;
the response says it is revealed gradually, in distinct parcels, to confirm the
prophet's heart and answer questions with truth and interpretation.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, hell punishment statement
quote_or_summary: Those dragged on their faces into hell are described as being
in the worst condition and straying farthest from salvation.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, Moses and Aaron passage
quote_or_summary: Moses is given the book of the law, Aaron his brother is appointed
counsellor, and both are sent to people who charge signs with falsehood before
those people are destroyed.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, people of Noah passage
quote_or_summary: Noah's people accuse the apostles of imposture; they are drowned,
made a sign to mankind, and painful torment is prepared for the unjust.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, verse 40 and following line
quote_or_summary: Ad, Thamud, dwellers at al Rass, and many other generations are
named; each is given examples for admonition and destroyed with utter destruction.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 26901-26959, final sentence
quote_or_summary: The Koreish frequently pass near a city rained on by a fatal rain,
yet do not dread resurrection.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Extraction uses only the provided passage and its notes. Motif taxonomy mapping
is cautious where the available taxonomy is broad or not an exact match.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No external comparisons or taxonomy IDs were added beyond the supplied lists.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l26901-l26959
passage_sha256=8cbf3cd831f80d2af196a837e36f0d7b2d4bf72a0f1d1614dc5f84bf3c9e199d