batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l26589-l26674
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l26589-l26674
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: ENTITLED, THE TRUE BELIEVERS; REVEALED AT MECCA. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST
MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXIV. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 26589-26674
start: '26589'
end: '26674'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage contrasts darkness without God's light with universal praise
of God, divine control of clouds, rain, hail, lightning, night and day, creation
of animals from water, and the differing responses of hypocrites and true believers
when summoned to judgment before God and his apostle. Translator notes in the
range discuss an allegory of light, a mirage image, and a note comparing the false
accusation of Ayesha to stories of Joseph and the Virgin Mary.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A darkness image is described as a deep sea covered by waves, more waves,
and clouds, so dark that an outstretched hand is scarcely visible.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The passage states that whoever is not granted light by God has no light.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Creatures in heaven and earth, including birds extending their wings, praise
God.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: The passage states that the kingdom of heaven and earth belongs to God and
that the return at the last day is to God.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: God drives clouds, gathers them, heaps them, and rain falls from their midst.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: God sends down hail described as being in mountains from heaven, striking
or sparing whom he pleases; lightning is described as nearly taking away sight.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: God shifts the night and the day, and this is presented as instruction for
those who have sight.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: God creates every animal of water; some animals go on the belly, some walk
on two feet, and some walk on four feet.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: The passage says evident signs have been sent down, and that God directs whom
he pleases into the right way.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: Hypocrites say they believe in God and his apostle and obey them, but some
turn back afterward.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: When summoned before God and his apostle for judgment, some hypocrites retire;
if the right were on their side, they would submit.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: True believers, when summoned before God and his apostle for judgment, say
they have heard and obey; they are said to prosper.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: Those who obey God and his apostle, fear God, and are devout toward him are
said to enjoy great felicity.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:14
text: Some swear solemnly that they will go forth if commanded, but the passage
says not to swear falsely and that obedience is more requisite.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:15
text: A translator note says the story of the false accusation of Ayesha resembles
those of Joseph and the Virgin Mary.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: obs:16
text: Translator notes in the range describe an allegorical light and note interpretations
as the light revealed in the Koran or God's enlightening grace in the human heart.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: obs:17
text: A translator note explains the Arabic word Serb as a false appearance in sandy
plains resembling a lake of moving water, deceiving thirsty travellers.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: Divine figure who grants light, receives praise, owns heaven and earth,
controls weather, creates animals, sends signs, directs, and judges.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Creatures in heaven and earth
description: All creatures described as praising God.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Birds
description: Birds extending their wings and praising God.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Animals created of water
description: Animals whose different modes of movement include going on the belly,
walking on two feet, and walking on four feet.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Hypocrites
description: People who profess belief and obedience but turn back and avoid judgment
unless it favors them.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:12
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: True believers
description: People who respond to summons for judgment by saying they have heard
and obey, and who are said to prosper.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: God's apostle
description: The apostle before whom people are summoned along with God for judgment
between them.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Ayesha
description: Named in a translator note concerning the story of a false accusation.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Joseph
description: Named in a translator note as a story resembling the false accusation
of Ayesha.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Virgin Mary
description: Named in a translator note as a story resembling the false accusation
of Ayesha.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
roles:
- id: role:1
label: giver of light
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage states that whoever is not granted God's light has no light.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: sovereign of heaven and earth
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The kingdom of heaven and earth is said to belong to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:3
label: weather controller
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God drives clouds, sends rain and hail, and directs whom hail strikes or
spares.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:4
label: creator and guide
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God creates animals of water and directs whom he pleases into the right way.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:5
label: praising beings
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:3
basis: Creatures in heaven and earth and birds extending their wings praise God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: created living beings
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Animals are described as created of water with different forms of movement.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:7
label: false professants
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: They say they believe and obey but turn back and avoid judgment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:8
label: obedient believers
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: They respond to summons by saying they hear and obey, and are said to prosper.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:9
label: judicial mediator
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: People are summoned before God and his apostle so that he may judge between
them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:10
label: falsely accused figure
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: A translator note identifies the story as the false accusation of Ayesha.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: light withheld or granted
literal_form: God's light; absence of light
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: deep sea darkness
literal_form: deep sea, waves upon waves, clouds, layered darkness
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:3
label: birds with extended wings
literal_form: birds extending their wings in praise
associated_figures:
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:4
label: clouds, rain, hail, and lightning
literal_form: clouds driven and heaped; rain from their midst; hail from heaven;
lightning
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:5
label: mountains of hail
literal_form: as it were mountains, wherein there is hail
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:6
label: night and day
literal_form: night and day shifted by God
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:7
label: water as origin of animals
literal_form: every animal of water
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:8
label: evident signs
literal_form: evident signs sent down
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:9
label: mirage-like false water
literal_form: false appearance in sandy plains resembling a large lake of moving
water
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Layered darkness without divine light
summary: A person in deep sea darkness under waves and clouds can scarcely see the
hand, and the passage states that without God's light there is no light.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Universal praise
summary: Creatures in heaven and earth and birds extending their wings praise God,
each knowing its prayer and praise.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Divine weather signs
summary: God gathers clouds, causes rain, sends hail from heaven, strikes or spares
whom he pleases, and lightning nearly removes sight.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Night-day alternation and animal creation
summary: God shifts night and day as instruction, and creates animals of water with
different forms of movement.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:5
label: Hypocrites before judgment
summary: Hypocrites profess belief and obedience but turn back and avoid being judged
before God and the apostle unless the right is on their side.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:5
- fig:7
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: scene:6
label: True believers obey summons
summary: True believers, when summoned before God and the apostle for judgment,
say they hear and obey and are said to prosper.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine light versus layered darkness
taxonomy_refs:
- duality
basis: The passage contrasts deep, layered darkness with the presence or absence
of God's light.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The available taxonomy has no specific light/darkness motif; 'duality'
is a broad fit.
- id: motif:2
label: Universal creaturely praise
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: All creatures in heaven and earth and birds extending their wings are said
to praise God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: No specific available taxonomy reference matches this motif family.
- id: motif:3
label: Divine sovereignty and final return
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage states that heaven and earth belong to God and that return at
the last day is to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The passage states final return more than it narrates a judgment scene.
- id: motif:4
label: Weather as divine sign and power
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: God controls clouds, rain, hail, and lightning, striking or sparing whom
he pleases.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: No specific available taxonomy reference for storm or weather theophany
is listed.
- id: motif:5
label: Creation of animals from water
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage says God created every animal of water and describes their forms
of movement.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The available taxonomy includes the symbol 'water' but no exact motif
family for water-based animal creation.
- id: motif:6
label: Right judgment avoided by hypocrites
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Hypocrites are summoned before God and his apostle for judgment but retire
unless the case favors them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The judgment described is also mediated through the apostle, not only
an eschatological judgment.
- id: motif:7
label: Obedient hearing of true believers
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: True believers answer summons by saying they have heard and obey, and obedience
to God and the apostle leads to felicity.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage does not explicitly call this a covenant; the taxonomy assignment
is functional and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:8
label: False oath versus required obedience
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Some swear solemnly that they will go forth if commanded, but the passage
rejects false swearing and stresses obedience.
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
confidence: medium
cautions: No exact available taxonomy reference matches false oath or performative
obedience.
- id: motif:9
label: Mirage as deceptive water appearance
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: A note explains Serb as a false lake-like appearance in sandy plains that
deceives thirsty travellers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
confidence: medium
cautions: This is from a translator note and not the main verse text in the excerpt.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: A translator note explicitly says the story of the false accusation of Ayesha
resembles stories of Joseph and the Virgin Mary.
claim_level: same_motif
target: False accusation stories of Joseph and the Virgin Mary
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The comparison is supplied by the translator note in the selected range;
the narrative details of Ayesha, Joseph, and Mary are not included in this passage
excerpt.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: quote
locator: lines 26589-26674, verse 40
quote_or_summary: "“darkness in a deep sea, covered by waves riding on waves...
when one stretcheth forth his hand, he is far from seeing it... unto whomsoever
GOD shall not grant his light, he shall enjoy no light at all.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: "“all creatures both in heaven and earth praise GOD: and the birds
also, extending their wings.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: "“Unto GOD belongeth the kingdom of heaven and earth; and unto
GOD shall be the return at the last day.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: God drives and gathers clouds, rain falls from them, hail is sent
from heaven as mountains, and lightning nearly takes away sight.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:5
type: quote
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: "“GOD shifteth the night, and the day: verily herein is an instruction
unto those who have sight.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674, note e
quote_or_summary: God creates every animal of water; the passage lists animals moving
on the belly, on two feet, and on four feet. A note says commentators interpret
water as seed or as the chief cause and constituent of animal bodies.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:7
type: quote
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: "“Now have we sent down evident signs: and GOD directeth whom
he pleaseth into the right way.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: Hypocrites say they believe in God and his apostle and obey them,
but a part turns back afterward and are not really believers.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674, note f
quote_or_summary: When summoned before God and the apostle for judgment, some retire;
if the right were on their side they would submit. A note links the passage to
disputes involving named hypocrites and opponents of the prophet's decision.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:10
type: quote
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: "“The saying of the true believers... is no other than that they
say, We have heard, and do obey.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: Whoever obeys God and his apostle, fears God, and is devout toward
him is said to enjoy great felicity.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674
quote_or_summary: Some swear solemnly that they will go forth if commanded; the
reply says not to swear falsely, because obedience is more requisite and God knows
their deeds.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:13
type: quote
locator: lines 26589-26674, note y
quote_or_summary: "“The story of the false accusation of Ayesha, which resembles
those of Joseph and the Virgin Mary.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674, notes z-a-b
quote_or_summary: Translator notes discuss an allegorical light, an olive tree placed
neither east nor west but in the midst of the world, and interpretations of the
light as Koranic revelation or God's enlightening grace in the heart.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:15
type: summary
locator: lines 26589-26674, note c
quote_or_summary: A note explains Serb as a false appearance seen in sandy plains
around noon, resembling a large moving lake and deceiving thirsty travellers.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Main-verse extraction is relatively direct. Some evidence in the selected
range consists of translator notes to adjacent material, so note-based symbols
and comparison claims require review.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
All motifs and comparison claims are limited to the provided passage and metadata. Taxonomy references are used only where a supplied motif family or symbol term is directly supportable.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l26589-l26674
passage_sha256=dfe3bace970004c386bd6bbab2c74c81732a6d7d66cfd1528c2f165f8383f73b