Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25657-l25746

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25657-l25746

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25657-l25746
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XXI. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXII. / IN
    THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 25657-25746
  start: '25657'
  end: '25746'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage states that God accepts piety rather than the flesh or blood
    of sacrificial victims; permits persecuted believers to take arms in defense;
    says God repels some people by others to prevent the demolition of places of worship;
    recalls earlier peoples who accused prophets and were later chastised; points
    to ruined cities, abandoned wells, and castles as signs; and affirms delayed but
    certain divine punishment and final judgment.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage says sacrificial flesh and blood are not accepted by God, but
    piety is accepted.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: God is said to have given people dominion over sacrificial animals so that
    they might magnify God for his guidance.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage says God will repel the ill designs of infidels from true believers.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Permission is granted to those who take arms because they have been unjustly
    persecuted and expelled from their habitations for saying that their Lord is God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage says that without God repelling the violence of some men by others,
    monasteries, churches, synagogues, and Muslim temples where God's name is frequently
    commemorated would be demolished.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Those whom God establishes in the earth are described as observing prayer,
    giving alms, commanding what is just, and forbidding what is unjust.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Earlier peoples, including the people of Noah, Ad, Thamud, Abraham, Lot, Madian,
    and the opponents of Moses, are said to have accused prophets of imposture or
    falsehood.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: God is said to have granted unbelievers a long respite and afterwards chastised
    them.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage describes ungodly cities destroyed and fallen in ruin, abandoned
    wells, and lofty castles.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage asks whether people journey through the land with hearts to understand
    or ears to hear, and says that hearts in breasts are blind.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: The passage says one day with the Lord is as a thousand computed years, and
    that wicked cities granted respite later come to be judged at the last day.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:12
  text: Mohammed is instructed to say that he is only a public preacher to the people.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine being who accepts piety, gives dominion over animals, repels
    enemies, assists supporters, grants respite, chastises, and judges at the last
    day.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: True believers / persecuted confessors
  description: Those described as righteous or true believers, unjustly persecuted
    and expelled because they say, 'Our LORD is GOD.'
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Infidels / unbelievers
  description: Opponents described as perfidious unbelievers or infidels whose ill
    designs are repelled and who may receive respite before chastisement.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: The addressee who is told to consider earlier accusations against prophets
    and to say that he is a public preacher.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Former peoples who rejected prophets
  description: The people of Noah, the tribes of Ad and Thamud, the people of Abraham
    and Lot, the inhabitants of Madian, and those who charged Moses with falsehood.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Divine protector and judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is described as accepting piety, repelling enemies, assisting supporters,
    chastising unbelievers after respite, and judging at the last day.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:2
  label: Persecuted believers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They are said to have been persecuted and expelled for affirming that their
    Lord is God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: Unbelieving opponents
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They are described as infidels or unbelievers whose designs are opposed and
    whose predecessors received chastisement.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:4
  label: Public preacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Mohammed is instructed to say that he is only a public preacher.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:5
  label: Exemplary rejected communities
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The former peoples are cited as earlier communities who accused prophets
    of imposture or falsehood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: Righteous community established in the earth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Those whom God establishes are described as praying, giving alms, and commanding
    justice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Sacrificial victims
  literal_form: Flesh and blood of victims offered in rites of pilgrimage or sacrifice
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:11
- id: sym:2
  label: Protected places of worship
  literal_form: Monasteries, churches, synagogues, and temples of the Moslems where
    God's name is commemorated
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: Ruined habitations
  literal_form: Destroyed cities fallen to ruin, abandoned wells, and lofty castles
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:4
  label: Thousand-year divine day
  literal_form: One day with the Lord compared to a thousand computed years
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Sacrifice and accepted piety
  summary: The passage contrasts the unaccepted flesh and blood of sacrificial victims
    with piety accepted by God, and says dominion over the victims is given so people
    may magnify God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Permission for defense of persecuted believers
  summary: Persecuted believers are permitted to take arms after being expelled for
    their confession, and God is said to be able to assist them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Preservation of worship places
  summary: The passage says that God repels some men by others so that places where
    God's name is commemorated are not demolished.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Earlier prophetic rejections and chastisement
  summary: Earlier peoples are named as having accused prophets of imposture or falsehood;
    God granted unbelievers respite and later chastised them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Ruins as signs and delayed judgment
  summary: Destroyed cities, abandoned wells, and lofty castles are presented alongside
    an exhortation to understand, and the passage states that divine punishment may
    be delayed but culminates in judgment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Sacrifice valued through piety rather than material offering
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: The passage explicitly says that God accepts piety rather than the flesh
    or blood of sacrificial victims.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes ethical or devotional intention; it does not narrate
    a full sacrificial myth.
- id: motif:2
  label: Persecuted righteous community receives divine permission and aid
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Believers unjustly expelled for confessing God are granted permission to
    take arms, and God is said to be able to assist them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a legal-theological passage rather than a narrative episode.
- id: motif:3
  label: Sacred places preserved through divinely sanctioned opposition to violence
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage states that without God repelling some men by others, multiple
    kinds of worship buildings would be demolished.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage names buildings and protection but does not develop a separate
    sanctuary myth.
- id: motif:4
  label: Rejected prophets followed by delayed chastisement
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Named earlier communities accuse prophets, receive respite, and are later
    chastised by God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The individual stories are only summarized by allusion.
- id: motif:5
  label: Ruined cities and abandoned wells as signs of divine judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Destroyed ungodly cities, abandoned wells, and castles are presented as signs
    for those who journey through the land and understand.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not identify every ruined place; one explanatory note
    offers a possible specific tradition.
- id: motif:6
  label: Delayed but certain final judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage says God will not fail to perform threatened punishment, that
    a day with the Lord equals a thousand years, and that wicked cities granted respite
    will come to be judged at the last day.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The time comparison is theological and eschatological rather than a travel
    narrative of the afterlife.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: 'The passage explicitly aligns accusations against Mohammed with a repeated
    pattern in earlier prophetic communities: prophets are accused, the unbelievers
    are given respite, and chastisement follows.'
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Earlier prophetic rejection traditions involving Noah, Ad, Thamud, Abraham,
    Lot, Madian, and Moses
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage lists the earlier communities only briefly and does not
    recount each narrative in detail.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The editor's note points to a textual similarity between the statement that
    one day with the Lord is as a thousand years and 2 Peter iii.8.
  claim_level: linguistic_similarity
  target: 2 Peter 3:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This comparison is supplied by the translator/editorial note in the
    passage, not developed as a narrative comparison within the main text.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: sacrifice and piety section'
  quote_or_summary: '"Their flesh is not accepted of GOD, neither their blood; but
    your piety is accepted of him. Thus have we given you dominion over them, that
    ye might magnify GOD..."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: protection of believers'
  quote_or_summary: God will repel the ill designs of infidels from true believers
    and does not love perfidious unbelievers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: permission to take arms'
  quote_or_summary: '"Permission is granted unto those who take arms against the unbelievers,
    for that they have been unjustly persecuted..." and were turned out for saying,
    "Our LORD is GOD."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: preservation of worship places'
  quote_or_summary: Without God repelling violence, "monasteries, and churches, and
    synagogues, and the temples of the Moslems" where God's name is commemorated would
    be demolished.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: righteous established in the earth'
  quote_or_summary: Those whom God establishes in the earth observe prayer, give alms,
    command what is just, and forbid what is unjust.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: earlier peoples and prophets'
  quote_or_summary: The people of Noah, Ad, Thamud, Abraham, Lot, Madian, and Moses'
    opponents are named as earlier rejecters of prophets; God granted respite to unbelievers
    and afterwards chastised them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: ruined places'
  quote_or_summary: '"How many cities have we destroyed... now fallen to ruin on their
    roofs? And how many wells have been abandoned, and lofty castles?"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: journey and blind hearts'
  quote_or_summary: The passage asks whether people journey through the land with
    hearts to understand or ears to hear, and says the hearts in their breasts are
    blind.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: delayed punishment and final judgment'
  quote_or_summary: God will not fail to perform the threatened punishment; one day
    with the Lord is as a thousand years; wicked cities granted respite are later
    chastised and come to be judged at the last day.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: quote
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: public preacher'
  quote_or_summary: '"Say, O men, verily I am only a public preacher unto you."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: translator notes on victims'
  quote_or_summary: Translator notes explain sacrificial victims, including the choice
    of well-favoured costly victims and examples of camels offered by Mohammed and
    Omar.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: citation
  locator: 'lines 25657-25746: note z'
  quote_or_summary: 'Translator note: "See 2 Pet. iii. 8."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short citation used for evidence.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The main theological and narrative patterns are explicit, but the passage
    is partly legal-exhortative and partly composed of translator notes; motif labels
    should be reviewed for atlas consistency.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage text and metadata were used. Taxonomy references were limited to the provided motif families and symbols.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l25657-l25746
  passage_sha256=b2177c4e44efac9ad3b728ce51e4aa02f554879ec19ca1bf7ecb4356a8f4407b