Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25437-l25520

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25437-l25520

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25437-l25520
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XXI. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXII. / IN
    THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 25437-25520
  start: '25437'
  end: '25520'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage opens Chapter XXII, warns of the terror of the last hour, argues
    for resurrection through human formation and the revival of barren earth by rain,
    condemns disputers and wavering worshippers, promises gardens with rivers to righteous
    believers, states that God will judge religious communities on the day of resurrection,
    and depicts all creatures in heaven and earth as adoring God.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The last hour is described as a terrible shock causing nursing women to forget
    infants, pregnant females to cast their burdens, and people to appear drunk though
    not drunk.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A man disputes concerning God without knowledge and follows a rebellious devil
    who seduces his patron and leads him to hell's torment.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Human creation is described in stages from dust, seed, coagulated blood, and
    flesh, followed by life in the womb, infancy, maturity, youth death, or decrepit
    age.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Barren earth is described as being revived by rain, swelling and producing
    luxuriant vegetables.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage states that God raises the dead, that the hour of judgment will
    come, and that those in graves will be raised again.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: A proud disputer who seduces men from God's way is threatened with ignominy
    in this world and burning torment on the day of resurrection.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Some people serve God in a wavering manner, satisfied by good fortune but
    turning away when tribulation comes.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: One who invokes something besides God calls on what can neither hurt nor profit
    him and on a miserable patron and companion.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: Those who believe and do righteous works are to be introduced by God into
    gardens through which rivers flow.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage names true believers, Jews, Sabians, Christians, Magians, and
    idolaters as groups whom God shall judge on the day of resurrection.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:11
  text: Creatures in heaven and on earth, including the sun, moon, stars, mountains,
    trees, beasts, and many men, are said to adore God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:12
  text: A person doubting divine assistance to the apostle is told to strain a rope
    toward heaven and put an end to his life to test whether his device can nullify
    what angered him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / LORD
  description: The divine speaker and agent who creates, sends rain, raises the dead,
    judges, punishes, directs, and introduces believers into gardens.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Men of Mecca / mankind
  description: The addressed human audience warned to fear the Lord and consider resurrection.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Nursing women, infants, and pregnant females
  description: Human figures affected by the shock of the last hour.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Man who disputes concerning God
  description: A person who disputes without knowledge and may seduce others from
    God's way.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Rebellious devil
  description: A devil followed by the disputing man; whoever takes him for patron
    is seduced and led to hell.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Wavering worshipper
  description: A person who serves God on the verge of the true religion, remaining
    satisfied in good fortune and turning away in tribulation.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Believers doing righteous works
  description: People promised entry into gardens through which rivers flow.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Religious communities
  description: True believers, those who Judaize, Sabians, Christians, Magians, and
    idolaters named as subject to divine judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Creatures and heavenly and earthly bodies
  description: Creatures in heaven and earth, including sun, moon, stars, mountains,
    trees, beasts, and many men, said to adore God.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Apostle
  description: God's apostle, whose divine assistance is asserted indirectly in a
    challenge to one who doubts it.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Creator of human life stages
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is described as creating humans from dust, seed, coagulated blood, and
    flesh and bringing them forth as infants.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: Reviver and resurrector
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God sends rain to revive barren earth and is said to raise the dead and those
    in graves.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: Divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is said to judge between named communities on the day of resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:4
  label: Rewarder and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God's punishment is severe, the disputer is made to taste burning torment,
    and righteous believers are introduced into gardens with rivers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: Addressed human audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage addresses men of Mecca and mankind with warnings and arguments
    about resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: Apocalyptic sufferers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Nursing women, infants, and pregnant females are named in the description
    of the last hour's shock.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:7
  label: Ignorant disputer and seducer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The man disputes concerning God without knowledge and proudly turns aside
    to seduce men from God's way.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: Demonic patron and misleader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The rebellious devil seduces whoever takes him as patron and leads him into
    hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: Unstable worshipper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The wavering worshipper rests satisfied in good fortune but turns away under
    tribulation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: Righteous recipients of reward
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Believers who do righteous works are promised gardens through which rivers
    flow.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: Communities subject to judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The passage lists multiple religious communities and says God shall judge
    between them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:12
  label: Universal adorers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Creatures in heaven and earth, celestial bodies, mountains, trees, beasts,
    and many men are said to adore God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:13
  label: Divinely assisted messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The passage refers to God assisting his apostle in this world and the world
    to come.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Last-hour shock
  literal_form: The shock or earthquake of the last hour
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Human formation stages
  literal_form: Dust, seed, coagulated blood, flesh, womb, infancy, maturity, death,
    and old age
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: Rain reviving barren earth
  literal_form: Rain falling on dried barren earth, causing it to swell and produce
    vegetation
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: Graves
  literal_form: Those who are in the graves
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: Burning torment
  literal_form: Torment of burning on the day of resurrection
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: Gardens with rivers
  literal_form: Gardens through which rivers flow
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: Mountains
  literal_form: Mountains named among beings or things that adore God
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:8
  label: Trees
  literal_form: Trees named among beings or things that adore God
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:9
  label: Rope toward heaven
  literal_form: A rope strained toward heaven in a challenge to one doubting divine
    assistance
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Terror of the last hour
  summary: The addressed audience is warned that the last hour will bring a terrible
    shock, disrupting ordinary human bonds and bodily conditions, while God's punishment
    is severe.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Argument for resurrection from creation and rain
  summary: The passage presents human formation and the revival of barren earth by
    rain as signs that God raises the dead and will raise those in graves.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Disputer misled and punished
  summary: A man disputes about God without knowledge, follows a rebellious devil,
    seduces others, and is threatened with worldly ignominy and burning torment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Wavering worship and false invocation
  summary: A wavering worshipper remains faithful in good fortune but turns away under
    tribulation and invokes powerless beings besides God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Reward and judgment on the day of resurrection
  summary: God promises gardens with rivers to righteous believers and judgment between
    named religious communities on the day of resurrection.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:6
  label: Universal adoration of God
  summary: The passage depicts creatures in heaven and earth, celestial bodies, mountains,
    trees, beasts, and many men as adoring God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: scene:7
  label: Challenge about divine assistance to the apostle
  summary: A doubter of God's assistance to the apostle is challenged with an image
    of straining a rope toward heaven and ending his life to test whether his device
    can frustrate what angered him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine judgment at the last hour
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage warns of the last hour, severe punishment, the day of resurrection,
    and divine judgment between religious communities.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is doctrinal and admonitory; extraction should not expand
    beyond the stated judgment imagery.
- id: motif:2
  label: Resurrection of the dead
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: The passage explicitly states that God raises the dead and will raise those
    in graves, using human formation and revived earth as supporting signs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The comparison is limited to the supplied taxonomy family and does not
    imply a specific cross-cultural lineage.
- id: motif:3
  label: Death and renewal through rain-revived earth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  basis: Barren earth is described as revived by rain and producing vegetation, immediately
    connected to God's raising the dead.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage uses the image as an argument for resurrection; broader seasonal
    or vegetation-cycle interpretation should remain cautious.
- id: motif:4
  label: Paradisal garden with flowing rivers
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Righteous believers are promised entry into gardens through which rivers
    flow.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names paradise gardens; water
    is recorded as a symbol rather than a motif family.
- id: motif:5
  label: Universal cosmic worship
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Heavenly and earthly creatures, celestial bodies, mountains, trees, beasts,
    and many men are said to adore God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: No specific available motif-family reference directly corresponds to this
    pattern.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage fits the supplied motif family of divine judgment because it
    centers on the last hour, resurrection day, punishment, and God's judgment between
    communities.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: divine_judgment
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is a taxonomy-level classification only, not a claim about historical
    contact or common inheritance.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage fits the supplied motif family of resurrection because it explicitly
    affirms that God raises the dead and those in graves.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: resurrection
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage's resurrection claim is theological and internal to the
    text; no external parallel is asserted.
- id: claim:3
  claim: The rain-revived barren earth functions as an analogy supporting resurrection
    and therefore overlaps cautiously with a death-and-renewal pattern.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: death_rebirth
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The text itself directs the image toward resurrection rather than a
    full seasonal-cycle myth.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, opening warning
  quote_or_summary: The last hour is a terrible shock; nursing women forget infants,
    pregnant females cast their burdens, people appear drunk, and God's punishment
    is severe.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, disputing man and devil
  quote_or_summary: A man disputes concerning God without knowledge and follows every
    rebellious devil; the devil seduces his patron and leads him to hell's torment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, human creation stages
  quote_or_summary: Humans are created from dust, seed, coagulated blood, and flesh;
    placed in wombs until delivery; brought forth as infants; then reach strength,
    die young, or reach decrepit age.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, rain and barren earth
  quote_or_summary: Dried barren earth receives rain, is put in motion, swells, and
    produces luxuriant vegetables.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, resurrection statement
  quote_or_summary: The passage states that God is truth, raises the dead, that the
    hour of judgment will surely come, and that God will raise those in the graves.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, proud disputer's punishment
  quote_or_summary: A man disputes without knowledge, direction, or enlightening book,
    proudly seduces men from God's way, and is assigned ignominy in this world and
    burning torment on resurrection day.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, wavering worshipper and false patron
  quote_or_summary: 'Some serve God waveringly: if good comes they rest satisfied,
    but if tribulation comes they turn away; they call upon what cannot hurt or profit
    and upon a miserable patron and companion.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, gardens with rivers
  quote_or_summary: God introduces those who believe and do righteous works into gardens
    through which rivers flow.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, judgment between communities
  quote_or_summary: True believers, those who Judaize, Sabians, Christians, Magians,
    and idolaters are named; God shall judge between them on the day of resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, universal adoration
  quote_or_summary: Creatures in heaven and on earth, sun, moon, stars, mountains,
    trees, beasts, and many men are said to adore God; many are worthy of chastisement.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25437-25520, rope toward heaven
  quote_or_summary: One who thinks God will not assist his apostle is challenged to
    strain a rope toward heaven, put an end to his life, and see whether his device
    can nullify what angered him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage is explicit. Motif classification
    is limited to supplied taxonomy references and should be reviewed for taxonomy
    policy, especially death_rebirth and comparison_claims.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only supplied passage text and metadata. Footnotes were treated as source notes and not expanded into additional narrative content.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l25437-l25520
  passage_sha256=6045ff6ad3344ef1afc4f36acac90910768290822b1f95fd962d5ed9c2329ba4