Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25242-l25306

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25242-l25306

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l25242-l25306
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XX. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXI. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 25242-25306
  start: '25242'
  end: '25306'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage contains explanatory notes on traditions about David, Solomon,
    and Job: Solomon gives a wiser judgment than David in a sheep-damage dispute;
    David is joined by mountains, birds, and creation in praising God and is associated
    with softened iron for armor; Solomon commands a wind that transports his throne
    and supervises workers; Job is tested by loss and disease, resists a devilish
    temptation through his wife, is healed by a divinely sent fountain through Gabriel,
    and has his fortunes restored.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Sheep enter another man's field or vineyard at night and eat the corn, causing
    a dispute brought before David and Solomon.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: David judges that the landowner should take the sheep as compensation, while
    Solomon judges that the landowner should take the sheep's profits until the field
    is restored.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: David approves Solomon's judgment as better than his own.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage says mountains, birds, and other animate and inanimate parts of
    creation relieved David by chanting divine praises when he was fatigued from singing
    psalms.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage says David used iron that became soft in his hands like wax in
    connection with the invention of defensive metal equipment.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: A wind transports Solomon's throne with great swiftness and returns it to
    Palestine in the evening after carrying it to a distant country in the morning.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Workers under Solomon are described as building cities and palaces, fetching
    rare pieces of art, and being restrained from disobeying or doing mischief.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Job is described as losing family and riches, suffering a disease, and continuing
    to serve God and give thanks.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Job's wife attends him patiently and supports him by her labor.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The devil appears to Job's wife and offers restoration if she will worship
    him; Job rejects the proposal and swears to punish her if he recovers.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: After Job's prayer, God sends Gabriel, who raises Job up; a fountain springs
    at Job's feet, and drinking and washing in it restores his health and beauty.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: God restores Job's possessions double, renews his wife, gives them sons, and
    directs Job to fulfill his oath with one blow from a palm-branch with one hundred
    leaves.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:13
  text: Some traditions say clouds rained gold and silver on Job's threshing-floors
    after his sufferings.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: David
  description: A judge in the sheep-damage dispute; also a psalm singer joined by
    creation in praise and a figure associated with softened iron.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Solomon
  description: An eleven-year-old judge whose decision is approved by David; also
    a ruler whose throne is transported by wind and who directs works.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Owner of the field
  description: The person whose field or vineyard is damaged by sheep.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Shepherd or master of the sheep
  description: The absent owner or keeper of the sheep responsible for restoring the
    field in Solomon's judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Mountains, birds, and creation
  description: Animate and inanimate parts of creation said to chant divine praises
    with or for David.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Job
  description: A sufferer tested by loss and illness, healed through divine intervention,
    and restored to wealth and family.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Job's wife
  description: Job's wife, who tends him during his affliction, hears the devil's
    proposal, and is later renewed.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: The devil
  description: A tempter who appears to Job's wife and offers restoration in exchange
    for worship.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: A messenger sent by God who takes Job by the hand and raises him up.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine figure who tests Job, sends Gabriel, restores Job, and is
    praised by creation.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Wind
  description: A wind that transports Solomon's throne according to Solomon's will.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Workers under Solomon
  description: Workers who build, fetch rare objects, and are kept from disobedience
    or mischief.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: elder judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: David gives the first judgment in the dispute.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: wise young judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Solomon, at eleven years old, proposes the judgment approved as better.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: divine praiser and marvel-worker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: David sings psalms and is linked to creation's praise and softened iron.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: commanding ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Solomon's throne is carried by wind, and works are performed under his authority.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: injured landowner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The field owner suffers damage from the sheep.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: responsible livestock owner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Solomon's judgment requires the shepherd or master to restore the field before
    receiving the sheep back.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:7
  label: cosmic chorus
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Mountains, birds, and creation chant divine praises.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: tested sufferer restored by God
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Job loses family and wealth, suffers disease, remains faithful, is healed,
    and is restored.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:9
  label: patient attendant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Job's wife attends and supports him during his illness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: tempter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The devil offers restoration if Job's wife will worship him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:11
  label: divine messenger-healer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Gabriel is sent by God and raises Job up before the healing fountain appears.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:12
  label: divine tester and restorer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: God tests Job, sends Gabriel, provides healing, and restores Job's fortunes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:13
  label: miraculous vehicle
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The wind transports Solomon's throne swiftly according to the note.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:14
  label: supervised laborers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: They perform building and acquisition tasks and are restrained from mischief.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: milk
  literal_form: Milk from sheep, named among profits to be taken temporarily by the
    field owner.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - milk
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: mountain
  literal_form: Mountains that join in chanting divine praises.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: softened iron
  literal_form: Iron that becomes soft in David's hands like wax.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: miraculous wind
  literal_form: Wind transporting Solomon's throne rapidly.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: water
  literal_form: A fountain springing at Job's feet, used for drinking and washing
    to restore health.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: palm-branch with one hundred leaves
  literal_form: A palm-branch with one hundred leaves used so Job can fulfill his
    oath with one blow.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: gold and silver rain
  literal_form: Clouds raining gold and silver on Job's threshing-floors in some traditions.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Solomon's judgment in the sheep dispute
  summary: After sheep damage a field at night, David assigns the sheep to the landowner,
    but Solomon proposes that the landowner receive only the sheep's profits until
    the field is restored; David approves Solomon's decision.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Creation chants divine praise with David
  summary: When David is fatigued from singing psalms, mountains, birds, and other
    parts of creation chant divine praise.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: David and softened iron
  summary: David is associated with the invention of defensive metal equipment, with
    a tradition that iron became soft in his hands like wax.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Solomon's throne and works
  summary: A wind transports Solomon's throne swiftly between distant lands and Palestine,
    and workers under Solomon carry out building and acquisition tasks while restrained
    from disobedience.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Job's trial, temptation, healing, and restoration
  summary: Job loses wealth and family, suffers disease, remains faithful, refuses
    a temptation involving the devil and his wife, is raised by Gabriel, is healed
    by a fountain, and receives restored family and wealth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: wise judgment by a child ruler
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Solomon, at eleven years old, gives a judgment in the sheep-damage dispute
    that David approves as better than his own.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage presents legal wisdom rather
    than a formal initiation or kingship trial.
- id: motif:2
  label: creation joins a holy figure in divine praise
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Mountains, birds, and animate and inanimate creation chant divine praises
    when David is fatigued.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: No exact supplied motif-family taxonomy label matches this pattern.
- id: motif:3
  label: miraculous mastery of metal
  taxonomy_refs:
  - culture_hero
  basis: David is associated with inventing metal defensive equipment and with iron
    becoming soft in his hands like wax.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage calls this a fable in the translator's note; culture-hero
    classification is approximate.
- id: motif:4
  label: magical transport of a royal throne
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: The wind carries Solomon's throne with prodigious swiftness to and from distant
    places.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage describes rapid horizontal transport, not necessarily ascent;
    taxonomy match is only partial.
- id: motif:5
  label: righteous sufferer tested and restored
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: God tests Job by loss and disease; Job remains faithful and is later healed
    and restored double.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The available taxonomy does not include a specific 'trial of Job' or 'righteous
    sufferer' family.
- id: motif:6
  label: healing water springing at the sufferer's feet
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  basis: A fountain appears at Job's feet; drinking and washing in it removes worms
    and restores health and beauty.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage describes healing and renewal, not literal death and rebirth.
- id: motif:7
  label: temptation to abandon worship during affliction
  taxonomy_refs:
  - duality
  basis: The devil offers Job's wife restoration if she worships him, contrasting
    temptation with Job's continued service to God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage does not explicitly frame
    a dualist cosmology.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage itself links the motif of mountains, birds, and creation praising
    God with a Jewish/Talmudic reading of the psalmist's call for nature to praise
    God.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Psalm cxlviii and Talmudic-Jewish interpretive tradition as described in
    the note
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is reported through Sale's polemical commentary and
    does not quote the Talmudic source directly.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The Job episode is presented as part of Muslim writerly tradition about the
    named biblical figure Job, preserving a recognizable pattern of affliction, steadfastness,
    and restoration.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Job traditions in the wider Abrahamic corpus
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage supplies Islamic-tradition details and does not provide
    a direct parallel text for comparison.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25242-25255
  quote_or_summary: Sheep damage another man's field by night; David and Solomon judge
    the dispute, and Solomon's compensation plan is approved as better.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25256-25266
  quote_or_summary: The note says mountains, birds, and other parts of creation relieved
    David by chanting divine praises and connects this to a Jewish reading of Psalm
    cxlviii.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25267-25270
  quote_or_summary: Before David's invention, men used broad plates of metal; one
    writer says David's iron became soft in his hands like wax.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25271-25276
  quote_or_summary: A wind transports Solomon's throne with prodigious swiftness and
    brings it back to Palestine in the evening after a morning journey to a distant
    country.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25277-25283
  quote_or_summary: Solomon's works include building cities and palaces and fetching
    rare art; laborers are kept from swerving from his orders or doing mischief.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25284-25298
  quote_or_summary: Job loses wealth and children, suffers a worm-filled disease,
    remains thankful to God, is cared for by his wife, and rejects the devil's offer
    of restoration in exchange for worship.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25299-25302
  quote_or_summary: After Job's prayer, God sends Gabriel, who raises him; a fountain
    springs at Job's feet, and drinking and washing in it restores him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25302-25305
  quote_or_summary: God restores Job's losses double, renews his wife, grants sons,
    and directs Job to satisfy his oath with one blow from a hundred-leaved palm-branch.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25305-25306
  quote_or_summary: Some traditions describe Job's restored riches as clouds raining
    gold and silver on two threshing-floors.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is mainly translator commentary and traditional exposition rather
    than continuous Qur'anic text; motif extraction is based only on the supplied
    passage.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only supplied passage and metadata; long quotations avoided in favor of public-domain summaries.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l25242-l25306
  passage_sha256=4b6cd900606dfb04e7cc1904970de92bf97ebdd5cdeb8d9f573b44cb84fa340e