Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l24981-l25067

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l24981-l25067

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l24981-l25067
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XX. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XXI. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 24981-25067
  start: '24981'
  end: '25067'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage presents creation and cosmic order as signs of God, states
    that all souls die and return to God, warns unbelievers and scoffers of sudden
    punishment and hell-fire, describes just balances on the day of resurrection,
    and links the present book with the law formerly given to Moses and Aaron as guidance
    and admonition.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage says the wonders of creation manifest divine power and wisdom
    for people of understanding.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A note states that the heavens and earth were one mass until separated, or
    alternatively that the heavens and earth were closed until opened by divine power.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The heaven is described as a well-supported roof, and people are said to turn
    aside from its signs.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Night, day, sun, moon, and all celestial bodies are said to have been created
    by God, each moving in its own orb.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: No human before the addressed prophet is said to have been granted permanent
    life in this world.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Every soul is said to taste death, to be tested with evil and good, and to
    return to God.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Unbelievers are described as scoffing at the addressed prophet and asking
    when the threatened punishment will occur.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage says unbelievers will not be able to drive back the fire of hell
    from their faces or backs when its time comes.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: The day of vengeance is described as coming suddenly, striking with astonishment,
    and allowing neither aversion nor respite.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: Other apostles are said to have been mocked before, and the punishment they
    were mocked about fell on the mockers.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: The passage asks whether gods besides God can defend the unbelievers and states
    that such gods cannot help themselves.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:12
  text: Just balances are to be appointed for the day of resurrection, so that no
    soul is injured, and even a mustard-seed weight of action is produced publicly.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: Moses and Aaron are said to have received the law as a distinction between
    good and evil, a light, and an admonition to the pious.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:14
  text: The present book is described as a blessed admonition sent down from heaven.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / the Merciful / LORD
  description: The divine speaker and agent who creates, reveals signs, judges, punishes,
    and sends down guidance.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Addressed prophet
  description: The person addressed as 'thee' who is mocked by unbelievers and told
    to preach revelation.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Unbelievers / scoffers
  description: People who mock the addressed prophet, ask when the threat will be
    fulfilled, neglect remembrance of the Lord, and are warned of punishment.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Other apostles
  description: Earlier apostles who were mocked before the addressed prophet.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Gods besides God
  description: Other gods invoked as possible defenders but described as unable to
    help themselves or assist against God.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Moses and Aaron
  description: Former recipients of the law, described as a distinction, light, and
    admonition.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: creator and cosmic governor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is said to have created night, day, sun, moon, and the moving celestial
    bodies, and to have made the heaven a supported roof.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: judge and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage describes return to God, divine testing, hell-fire, sudden vengeance,
    and just balances on the day of resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: revealer of guidance
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says the law was formerly given to Moses and Aaron and this book
    was sent down from heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: mocked messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  basis: The addressed prophet is scoffed at, and earlier apostles are said to have
    been mocked before him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: scoffing unbelievers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They receive the prophet with scoffing, ask when the threat will come, and
    neglect remembrance of the Lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: powerless rival deities
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The passage states that gods besides God are not able to defend or help themselves.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: recipients of former law
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Moses and Aaron are named as those formerly given the law.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: supported heavenly roof
  literal_form: heaven described as a roof well supported
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: celestial bodies in orbs
  literal_form: night, day, sun, moon, and celestial bodies moving each in its orb
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: fire of hell
  literal_form: fire that unbelievers cannot drive back from faces or backs
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: just balances
  literal_form: balances appointed for the day of resurrection
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: mustard-seed weight
  literal_form: an action of the weight of a grain of mustard-seed
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: law as light and distinction
  literal_form: law given to Moses and Aaron, called a distinction, light, and admonition
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: blessed book sent down
  literal_form: book described as a blessed admonition sent down from heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Cosmic signs of creation
  summary: God is described as making the heaven a supported roof and creating night,
    day, sun, moon, and celestial bodies that move in their respective orbs.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Mortality, testing, and return
  summary: The passage denies worldly immortality, states that every soul dies, and
    presents evil and good as tests before return to God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Scoffing and threatened punishment
  summary: Unbelievers scoff at the prophet and ask when the threat will be fulfilled;
    the passage warns of hell-fire and a sudden day of vengeance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Earlier mocked apostles and powerless defenders
  summary: The passage states that previous apostles were mocked and their mockers
    were punished, then denies that other gods can defend the scoffers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Resurrection judgment by balances
  summary: Just balances are appointed for the day of resurrection, and even the smallest
    action is publicly produced for accounting.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Former law and present admonition
  summary: Moses and Aaron receive the law as moral distinction, light, and admonition;
    the present book is also called a blessed admonition sent down from heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Cosmic order as divine sign
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage connects creation, the supported heaven, and ordered celestial
    motion with divine signs and wisdom for people to consider.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy has no direct 'creation order' category; 'wisdom'
    is used because the passage explicitly frames creation as a lesson for understanding.
- id: motif:2
  label: Universal death, testing, and return to God
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: Every soul is said to taste death, undergo testing through evil and good,
    and return to God; the day of resurrection is later named.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes judgment and return more than narrative description
    of bodily resurrection.
- id: motif:3
  label: Sudden divine judgment on scoffers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Unbelievers mock the prophet and demand the threat; the passage warns that
    hell-fire and the day of vengeance will come suddenly and cannot be averted.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is exhortative and warning-oriented rather than a narrated
    completed punishment scene.
- id: motif:4
  label: Mocked messenger vindicated by punishment of mockers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Other apostles are said to have been mocked before, and the punishment they
    were mocked about fell on those who mocked.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The earlier apostles and punishments are not individually identified in
    this passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: Judgment by perfectly just weighing
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Just balances are appointed for the day of resurrection, no soul is injured,
    and even a mustard-seed weight of action is produced.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The balances are described briefly, without further procedural detail.
- id: motif:6
  label: Revelation as light, distinction, and admonition
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The law given to Moses and Aaron is called a distinction, light, and admonition,
    and the present book is also described as a blessed admonition from heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy reference 'wisdom' is broad and does not specifically encode
    scriptural revelation.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage presents the present book and the earlier law given to Moses
    and Aaron as serving a comparable admonitory and guiding function.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Moses and Aaron's law and the present book within the passage
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is an internal textual comparison within the passage; it does
    not by itself establish historical development beyond the stated relationship.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage explicitly compares the mockery of the addressed prophet with
    the mockery of earlier apostles, linking both to eventual punishment of mockers.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Earlier mocked apostles mentioned in the passage
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The earlier cases are not named or narrated in detail in this line
    range.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24981-25010
  quote_or_summary: Commentarial and passage material describe creation as manifesting
    divine power and wisdom, affirm unity of God across sacred books, and explain
    separation or opening of heavens and earth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public-domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25011-25014
  quote_or_summary: God is said to have made heaven a supported roof and to have created
    night, day, sun, moon, and all celestial bodies moving in their orbs.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public-domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25015-25018
  quote_or_summary: No one before the addressed prophet has been granted eternal worldly
    permanence; every soul tastes death, is tested with evil and good, and returns
    to God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public-domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25019-25027
  quote_or_summary: Unbelievers scoff at the prophet and demand the threat; the passage
    warns they will not repel hell-fire and that the day of vengeance will come suddenly.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public-domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25028-25037
  quote_or_summary: Earlier apostles were mocked and punishment fell on their mockers;
    the passage denies that other gods can defend the unbelievers or help themselves.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public-domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25038-25042
  quote_or_summary: Those touched by punishment confess injustice; just balances are
    appointed for resurrection day, and even a mustard-seed weight of action is brought
    forth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public-domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25043-25050
  quote_or_summary: Moses and Aaron receive the law as distinction, light, and admonition;
    the pious fear the Lord and judgment, and this book is a blessed admonition sent
    from heaven.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public-domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied line range. Some early lines are
    translator/commentarial notes rather than direct Quranic verse text, so motifs
    based on them are treated cautiously.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All taxonomy references are limited to the supplied available taxonomy lists; no external motif indices were used.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l24981-l25067
  passage_sha256=5c4d9a70f3bf5d7adf88bdfbe5b72d6519974be7ab931c90940853f12902352b