Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l24565-l24635

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l24565-l24635

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l24565-l24635
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XIX. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XX. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 24565-24635
  start: '24565'
  end: '24635'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage recounts believers refusing an earthly sentence and trusting
    God for forgiveness, contrasts hell with the gardens prepared for righteous believers,
    narrates Moses leading God's servants from Egypt through a dry path in the sea
    while Pharaoh's forces are overwhelmed, recalls deliverance, Sinai, manna and
    quails, and ends with Moses hastening to receive the law while God announces that
    his people have been tried and seduced to idolatry by al Smeri. Translator notes
    add exegetical comments about the divided sea, Moses's companions, the golden
    calf, and al Smeri's identity.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A group of speakers says they will not prefer the addressee over the evident
    miracles or over the one who created them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The speakers say the addressee can only sentence them in the present life,
    and they profess belief in their Lord for forgiveness of sins and forced sorcery.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage states that a criminal appearing before the Lord on the day of
    judgment will have hell as reward and will neither die nor live therein.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage states that true believers who work righteousness receive high
    degrees of happiness, described as perpetual gardens watered by rivers.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: God reveals to Moses that he should go out of Egypt by night with God's servants
    and strike the waters with his rod to make a dry path through the sea.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Pharaoh follows Moses and the servants with his forces, and the waters of
    the sea overwhelm them.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The children of Israel are described as delivered from their enemy and appointed
    to the right side of Mount Sinai, where Moses is to discourse and receive the
    law.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Manna and quails descend upon the children of Israel as food, with a warning
    not to transgress concerning the good things given.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: Moses says he hastened to the Lord so that the Lord might be pleased with
    him, while his people follow close on his footsteps.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: God says Moses's people have been tried since his departure and that al Smeri
    has seduced them to idolatry.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: A translator note reports that expositors added twelve separate sea paths,
    one for each tribe, and describes this as borrowed from Jewish tradition.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Unnamed believing speakers
  description: Speakers who profess belief in their Lord, ask forgiveness for sins
    and forced sorcery, and reject fear of an earthly sentence.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: God / Lord
  description: The creator and Lord before whom people appear on the day of judgment;
    he rewards, punishes, reveals to Moses, delivers Israel, provides food, and warns
    against transgression.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Moses
  description: Recipient of revelation, leader commanded to bring God's servants out
    of Egypt, wielder of the rod at the sea, and one who hastens to receive the law.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: Pursuer of Moses and the servants with forces; described as causing
    his people to err and not directing them aright.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Children of Israel / God's servants
  description: The community delivered from Egypt and from its enemy, provided manna
    and quails, and later said to be tried after Moses's departure.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: al Smeri
  description: Named figure said by God to have seduced Moses's people to idolatry;
    translator notes discuss proposed identifications.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Pharaoh's forces
  description: Forces following Moses and the servants into the sea and overwhelmed
    by its waters.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: faithful witnesses under threat
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: They profess belief in the Lord, seek forgiveness, and state that the earthly
    sentence affects only present life.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: divine judge and rewarder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: People appear before the Lord on the day of judgment; hell and gardens are
    presented as outcomes, and God is better to reward and more able to prolong punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: divine revealer and provider
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: God reveals commands to Moses, appoints Sinai, and causes manna and quails
    to descend.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: prophetic leader and law recipient
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Moses is commanded to lead the servants out of Egypt, to make a dry sea path,
    and to receive the law.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: misdirecting enemy ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Pharaoh follows with forces and is said to have caused his people to err
    rather than direct them aright.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: delivered covenant community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The children of Israel are delivered from their enemy, appointed to Sinai,
    and given food and warnings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: seducer to idolatry
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: God states that al Smeri seduced Moses's people to idolatry during Moses's
    departure.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: pursuing army
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The forces follow Moses and the servants and are overwhelmed by the sea waters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: sea waters
  literal_form: Waters of the sea struck by Moses's rod, forming a dry path and later
    overwhelming Pharaoh's forces.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: rod
  literal_form: Moses's rod used to strike the waters.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: gardens watered by rivers
  literal_form: Gardens of perpetual abode watered by rivers, prepared for righteous
    believers.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: hell
  literal_form: Place or condition assigned as reward to the criminal on the day of
    judgment, where he neither dies nor lives.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:5
  label: Mount Sinai
  literal_form: The right side of Mount Sinai appointed for discourse with Moses and
    giving the law.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: manna and quails
  literal_form: Food caused to descend upon the children of Israel.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: law
  literal_form: The law Moses hastens to receive and for which Sinai is appointed
    as the place of discourse.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Believers reject earthly coercion
  summary: Unnamed speakers profess belief in their Lord, ask forgiveness for sins
    and coerced sorcery, and state that the threatened sentence concerns only present
    life.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Judgment and afterlife outcomes
  summary: The passage contrasts the fate of criminals before the Lord on the day
    of judgment with the reward of righteous believers in perpetual gardens watered
    by rivers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Night departure from Egypt and dry path through the sea
  summary: God commands Moses to lead the servants out of Egypt by night, strike the
    waters with his rod, and make a dry path through the sea without fear of Pharaoh
    overtaking him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Pharaoh's pursuit and drowning
  summary: Pharaoh follows with his forces, and the waters of the sea overwhelm them;
    Pharaoh is described as having misled his people.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Deliverance, Sinai, and heavenly food
  summary: The children of Israel are addressed as delivered from their enemy, appointed
    to Mount Sinai for Moses's discourse and the giving of law, and supplied with
    manna and quails, with warnings against transgression.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Moses hastens and the people are tried
  summary: Moses explains that he hastened to please the Lord, while God tells him
    that his people have been tried after his departure and that al Smeri has seduced
    them to idolatry.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment with divergent afterlife fates
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - resurrection
  basis: The passage describes appearing before the Lord on the day of judgment and
    contrasts hell for criminals with gardens for righteous believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes judgment and outcomes; resurrection is implied
    by appearance on the day of judgment but not elaborated as a separate event in
    this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
  label: deliverance through parted waters
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Moses is commanded to lead the servants out of Egypt by night and strike
    the waters to make a dry sea path, followed by Pharaoh's forces being overwhelmed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: No taxonomy family specifically named 'water crossing' is available; 'departure'
    captures only part of the motif.
- id: motif:3
  label: mountain lawgiving after deliverance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: After deliverance from the enemy, the children of Israel are appointed to
    the right side of Mount Sinai for discourse with Moses and the giving of law,
    with commands and warnings attached.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The excerpt mentions law and warning but does not explicitly use the term
    covenant.
- id: motif:4
  label: divine provision in the wilderness community
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: God causes manna and quails to descend upon the children of Israel as food
    and commands them to eat of the good things given.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy motif family directly matches this provision motif.
- id: motif:5
  label: apostasy during the leader's absence
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: God states that Moses's people have been tried since his departure and that
    al Smeri seduced them to idolatry; the translator note connects this with worship
    of the golden calf.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The canonical passage in this excerpt names idolatry but does not describe
    the idol; golden calf details appear in the translator note.
- id: motif:6
  label: faithful defiance before temporal power
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The speakers refuse to prefer the threatened earthly authority over miracles
    and the creator, saying the addressee can sentence only in present life.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The identity of the earthly authority is not included in the excerpted
    opening lines, so the role is inferred only from the speech context within this
    passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: A translator note compares the exegetical detail of twelve separate sea paths,
    one for each tribe, with Jewish tradition and says it was borrowed from the Jews.
  claim_level: historical_contact
  target: Jewish exegetical tradition concerning the sea crossing
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: This is Sale's translator note rather than the Qur'anic passage itself,
    and the note's historical-contact claim is not independently substantiated within
    the provided passage.
- id: claim:2
  claim: Translator notes connect the trial after Moses's departure with the golden
    calf episode known from related Israelite narrative tradition.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Golden calf apostasy during Moses's absence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The canonical excerpt says only that al Smeri seduced the people to
    idolatry; the explicit golden calf identification is supplied by the note.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24565-24572
  quote_or_summary: Unnamed speakers say they will not prefer the addressee to evident
    miracles or to their creator, that the addressee can sentence only in present
    life, and that they believe in their Lord for forgiveness of sins and forced sorcery.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24573-24581
  quote_or_summary: The passage states that criminals appearing before the Lord on
    the day of judgment receive hell and neither die nor live there, while righteous
    believers receive high happiness in perpetual gardens watered by rivers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24582-24586
  quote_or_summary: God reveals to Moses to leave Egypt by night with God's servants,
    strike the waters with his rod, make a dry path through the sea, and not fear
    Pharaoh's overtaking.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24587-24590
  quote_or_summary: Pharaoh follows Moses with his forces; the sea waters overwhelm
    them, and Pharaoh is said to have caused his people to err.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24591-24599
  quote_or_summary: The children of Israel are addressed as delivered from their enemy;
    the right side of Mount Sinai is appointed for discourse with Moses and the giving
    of law; manna and quails descend, and a warning against transgression is given,
    followed by mercy for repentance and right action.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24600-24607
  quote_or_summary: Moses is asked why he hastened from his people to receive the
    law; he says they follow close and he hastened to please the Lord; God replies
    that the people have been tried since his departure and that al Smeri seduced
    them to idolatry.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: footnote f, lines 24610-24612
  quote_or_summary: The translator note says expositors add that the sea was divided
    into twelve separate paths, one for each tribe, and calls it a fable borrowed
    from the Jews.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: footnotes i-j, lines 24617-24625
  quote_or_summary: Translator notes explain that Moses outwent the seventy elders
    chosen to accompany him to the mount and that after a reckoning of his absence
    the people fell into worship of the golden calf.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: footnote k, lines 24626-24635
  quote_or_summary: A translator note discusses al Smeri as an appellation, gives
    possible identifications, and reports Selden's conjecture that the figure may
    be Aaron called by a term related to keeping or guardianship.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: low
  notes: Core extraction is based directly on the supplied passage. Motif labels are
    cautious where no exact supplied taxonomy family exists. Comparison claims rely
    on translator notes and therefore require human review.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage text, line metadata, available taxonomy references, and public-domain source information.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l24565-l24635
  passage_sha256=e986df1e73c9b17a558075b34511e3c27c7882522f1374d6f75ddd7517c18f50