Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l22958-l23056

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l22958-l23056

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l22958-l23056
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XVI. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XVII. / IN
    THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 22958-23056
  start: '22958'
  end: '23056'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage warns that blindness in this life continues in the next, describes
    attempted temptation and expulsion of the addressed prophet, commands regular
    prayer and night devotion, affirms the coming of truth over falsehood, describes
    the Koran as medicine and mercy for believers, limits human knowledge of the spirit,
    and declares that humans and genii cannot produce a book like the Koran.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A person described as blind in this life is said to be blind in the next and
    to wander farther from the path of salvation.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Unbelievers nearly tempted the addressed figure to swerve from revealed instructions
    and devise a different thing concerning God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The addressed figure is said to have been confirmed by God; without that confirmation
    he would have nearly inclined toward the unbelievers.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: If the addressed figure had inclined, God would have caused him to taste punishment
    of life and punishment of death, with no protector against God.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Unbelievers nearly caused the addressed figure to depart the land so that
    they might expel him from it.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: A prescribed method of dealing with apostles sent before is mentioned as unchanging.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The addressed figure is commanded to perform prayer at the sun's decline,
    at the first darkness of night, and at daybreak.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The prayer of daybreak is described as being witnessed by angels.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: The addressed figure is commanded to watch part of the night in the same exercise
    as a supererogatory work.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: The Lord may raise the addressed figure to an honourable station.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: The addressed figure is instructed to pray for a favorable entry, a favorable
    coming forth, and assisting power from God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: The addressed figure is instructed to say that truth has come and falsehood
    has vanished, because falsehood is of short continuance.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: The Koran is described as medicine and mercy for true believers and as increasing
    the perdition of the unjust.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:14
  text: When favors are bestowed on man, he withdraws ungratefully; when evil touches
    him, he despairs of mercy.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:15
  text: Every person is said to act according to his own manner, while the Lord best
    knows who is truly directed in his way.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:16
  text: When asked concerning the spirit, the answer given is that the spirit was
    created at the command of the Lord and that humans have only a little knowledge.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:17
  text: God says he could take away what he revealed to the addressed figure, and
    that no one could assist against God except through divine mercy.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:18
  text: Men and genii assembled together are said to be unable to produce a book like
    the Koran, even with mutual assistance.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:19
  text: The Koran is said to contain various figurative arguments, while most men
    refuse it out of infidelity.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / LORD
  description: The divine speaker who reveals, confirms, commands prayer, judges,
    grants mercy, and knows true guidance.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Addressed prophet / thee
  description: The addressed recipient of revelation and commands; notes identify
    the figure as Mohammed.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Unbelievers
  description: Opponents who nearly tempt the addressed figure to swerve from revelation
    and nearly cause him to depart the land.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Apostles sent before
  description: Earlier apostles in relation to whom an unchanging divine method is
    mentioned.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Witnesses associated with the prayer of daybreak.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: True believers
  description: Recipients for whom the Koran is medicine and mercy.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: The unjust
  description: Those for whom the Koran increases perdition.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Man / men
  description: Human beings described as ungrateful in favor, despairing in evil,
    limited in knowledge, and unable to produce a book like the Koran.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Genii
  description: Beings who, even if assembled with men and mutually assisted, cannot
    produce a book like the Koran.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine revealer and confirmer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God reveals instructions and confirms the addressed figure against temptation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: divine judge and giver of mercy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God threatens punishment, grants mercy, knows guidance, and can remove revelation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:3
  label: recipient of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The addressed figure has received revealed instructions and is told that
    what was revealed could be taken away.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:10
- id: role:4
  label: commanded worshipper and speaker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The addressed figure is commanded to pray, watch by night, and say prescribed
    words.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: tempting and expelling opponents
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Unbelievers nearly tempt the addressed figure and nearly cause him to depart
    the land.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: precedent apostles
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Earlier apostles are cited as examples for an unchanging divine method.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: witnesses to daybreak prayer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The prayer of daybreak is said to be witnessed by angels.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: recipients of mercy through the Koran
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The Koran is medicine and mercy to true believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:9
  label: recipients of increased perdition
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The Koran increases perdition for the unjust.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: limited created audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: Men have little knowledge concerning the spirit, and men and genii cannot
    produce a book like the Koran.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: blindness across this life and the next
  literal_form: Blind in this life; blind in the next
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: path of salvation / directed way
  literal_form: Path of salvation; way in which one is directed
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
- id: sym:3
  label: revealed instructions
  literal_form: Instructions revealed to the addressed figure
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: prayer times
  literal_form: Declension of the sun, first darkness of night, and daybreak
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: honourable station
  literal_form: An honourable station to which the Lord may raise the addressed figure
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: favorable entry and coming forth
  literal_form: Entry, coming forth, and assisting power
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: truth and falsehood
  literal_form: Truth coming; falsehood vanishing
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: Koran as medicine and mercy
  literal_form: The Koran described as medicine and mercy
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:9
  label: spirit created by command
  literal_form: The spirit created at the command of the Lord
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:10
  label: inimitable book
  literal_form: A book like the Koran that men and genii cannot produce
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Warning against deviation from revelation
  summary: Unbelievers nearly tempt the addressed figure to deviate from revealed
    instructions, but divine confirmation prevents this; punishment would follow deviation.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Threatened expulsion and apostolic precedent
  summary: Unbelievers nearly cause the addressed figure to leave the land; the passage
    connects divine treatment of this situation to an unchanging method applied to
    earlier apostles.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Commanded daily and night prayer
  summary: The addressed figure is commanded to pray at specified times, including
    daybreak witnessed by angels, and to watch part of the night in devotion.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Prayer for entry and triumph of truth
  summary: The addressed figure is instructed to ask the Lord for favorable entry,
    favorable coming forth, assisting power, and to proclaim the coming of truth and
    vanishing of falsehood.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Effects of the Koran and human response
  summary: The Koran is described as medicine and mercy for true believers but as
    increasing the perdition of the unjust; humans are described as ungrateful during
    favor and despairing during harm.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Question about the spirit and limits of knowledge
  summary: The addressed figure answers a question about the spirit by saying it was
    created by the Lord's command and that humans have only little knowledge.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:7
  label: Inimitability and figurative arguments of the Koran
  summary: God says that men and genii could not produce a book like the Koran, even
    if they assisted one another; the Koran contains many figurative arguments rejected
    by most men.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment across life, death, and afterlife
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage links blindness in this life with blindness in the next, threatens
    punishment of life and death for deviation, and describes perdition for the unjust.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is exhortative and theological rather than a narrative judgment
    scene.
- id: motif:2
  label: divine preservation of the messenger from temptation
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The addressed figure nearly inclines toward opponents, but divine confirmation
    prevents deviation from revelation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference exactly matches this motif.
- id: motif:3
  label: threatened departure or expulsion of the prophetic figure
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Opponents nearly cause the addressed figure to depart the land, and the addressed
    figure later prays for favorable entry and coming forth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The departure is threatened or alluded to, not narrated as a full journey
    pattern within this passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: ritual prayer at cosmic times
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Prayer is commanded at the sun's decline, the darkness of night, and daybreak,
    with daybreak witnessed by angels.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a ritual instruction motif, not tied to a listed taxonomy family.
- id: motif:5
  label: limited human knowledge before divine wisdom
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage states that the spirit is created at the Lord's command and that
    humans have been given only little knowledge; it also says the Lord best knows
    who is rightly directed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is doctrinal and epistemological rather than a wisdom tale.
- id: motif:6
  label: sacred book as healing and inimitable revelation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The Koran is described as medicine and mercy for believers, and men and genii
    cannot produce a book like it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy has no specific sacred-book or revelation category;
    'wisdom' is a broad fit.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly frames God's dealings with the addressed figure in
    continuity with an unchanging method applied to apostles sent before.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Apostles sent before the addressed figure within the passage's own tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage does not narrate the earlier apostles' stories, so the
    comparison is limited to the stated shared divine method.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 22958-22959
  quote_or_summary: Whoever is blind in this life will be blind in the next and wander
    farther from the path of salvation.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 22960-22968
  quote_or_summary: Unbelievers nearly tempted the addressed figure to swerve from
    revelation; divine confirmation prevented inclination; punishment of life and
    death is threatened if he had inclined.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 22969-22976
  quote_or_summary: Unbelievers nearly caused the addressed figure to depart the land;
    the passage states that God's prescribed method toward earlier apostles does not
    change.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 22977-22980
  quote_or_summary: Prayer is commanded at sun-decline, first darkness of night, and
    daybreak; daybreak prayer is witnessed by angels.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 23030-23032
  quote_or_summary: The addressed figure is told to watch part of the night in the
    same exercise, as a supererogatory work; the Lord may raise him to an honourable
    station.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 23033-23037
  quote_or_summary: The addressed figure is told to ask the Lord for favorable entry,
    favorable coming forth, and assisting power, and to declare that truth has come
    and falsehood vanished.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 23038-23040
  quote_or_summary: The Koran is sent down as medicine and mercy for true believers,
    but it increases the perdition of the unjust.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 23041-23045
  quote_or_summary: Man withdraws ungratefully when favored and despairs when evil
    touches him; everyone acts according to his manner, and the Lord knows who is
    truly directed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 23046-23048
  quote_or_summary: Asked about the spirit, the answer is that the spirit was created
    at the Lord's command and that only little knowledge has been given.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 23049-23052
  quote_or_summary: God could take away what was revealed, and no one could assist
    against God except through the Lord's mercy; divine favor toward the addressed
    figure is great.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 23053-23056
  quote_or_summary: If men and genii assembled to produce a book like the Koran, they
    could not do so, even with mutual assistance; the Koran contains many figurative
    arguments, but most men reject it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction is based directly on the supplied passage. Motif assignment is
    cautious where the available taxonomy lacks exact categories for revelation, prayer,
    or sacred scripture.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. Footnote material identifying historical groups was not used for separate motif claims beyond the passage's main assertions.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l22958-l23056
  passage_sha256=ad702669a5066b93e9341f0e0add3142202d42bccfe022ada14e290ba4e56a02