Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l21763-l21861

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l21763-l21861

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l21763-l21861
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XV. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XVI. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 21763-21861
  start: '21763'
  end: '21861'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The opening of Chapter XVI affirms God's coming judgment, revelation through
    angels, creation of heaven, earth, humans, animals, rain, crops, celestial bodies,
    sea, mountains, rivers, paths, and stars. It contrasts God as creator and knower
    with idols that create nothing and are dead. It describes unbelievers denying
    the life to come, calling revelation ancient fables, bearing burdens on the day
    of resurrection, and earlier plotters being punished unexpectedly when their building
    collapses.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: God's sentence is said to be certain and not to be hastened.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: God causes angels to descend with revelation to chosen servants, commanding
    proclamation of one God and fear of him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: God is described as creating the heavens, the earth, and man from seed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Cattle and riding animals are described as created for human benefit, including
    warmth, food, transport, riding, and ornament.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Rain water descends from heaven and nourishes plants, crops, olives, palm-trees,
    grapes, and fruits.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Night, day, sun, moon, and stars are subjected by God's command and are presented
    as signs for understanding.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: The sea is subjected for fish, ornaments, ships, commerce, and thanksgiving.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Mountains are placed firmly on the earth, with rivers, paths, marks, and stars
    used for direction.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: Idols invoked besides God are described as created, unable to create, dead,
    not living, and without understanding.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Those who reject the life to come are described as proud deniers who call
    revelation fables of ancient times.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Erring people are said to bear their own burdens and part of the burdens of
    those they misled on the day of resurrection.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: Earlier plotters are said to have had their building overthrown from the foundations,
    with the roof falling on them and punishment arriving unexpectedly.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:13
  text: A translator's note reports five named Koreish enemies of Mohammed suffering
    fatal or disabling afflictions after Gabriel makes signs toward them.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The creator, revealer, provider, guide, knower, and judge described
    throughout the passage.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Heavenly beings caused by God to descend with revelation by his command.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Chosen servants
  description: Servants to whom God sends revelation through angels.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Man / humans
  description: Humans are described as created from seed and as recipients of created
    benefits and signs.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Idols invoked besides God
  description: Objects invoked besides God; they create nothing and are themselves
    created, dead, and uncomprehending.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Unbelievers in the life to come
  description: People whose hearts deny evidence and who proudly reject truth and
    call revelation ancient fables.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Earlier plotters
  description: Predecessors who devised plots and were punished when their building
    was overthrown.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: Named in the question, 'What hath your LORD sent down unto Mohammed?'
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: In the translator's note, Gabriel comes to Mohammed and makes signs
    toward named persecutors.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Five named Koreish enemies
  description: In the translator's note, five enemies of Mohammed are named and described
    as suffering death or blindness.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: creator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is repeatedly said to have created the heavens, earth, humans, animals,
    and other things.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: provider of natural benefits
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God sends rain, causes crops and fruits to grow, subjects animals and the
    sea, and provides means of direction.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:3
  label: revealer and guide
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God sends angels with revelation and instructs men in the right way.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: judge and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God's sentence will come; burdens are borne on the day of resurrection; plotters
    are punished unexpectedly.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:5
  label: messenger of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:9
  basis: Angels descend with revelation; the note names Gabriel as acting by command.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:13
- id: role:6
  label: recipient or focal figure of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  basis: Revelation is sent to chosen servants, and Mohammed is named as the one to
    whom the Lord has sent down something.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:10
- id: role:7
  label: created recipient of signs and benefits
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Humans are created and receive food, transport, guidance, and signs in nature.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: powerless false object of worship
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The idols invoked besides God create nothing, are created, dead, and do not
    understand.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:9
  label: denier of resurrection and revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: They do not believe in the life to come, reject truth, and call revelation
    ancient fables.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:10
  label: plotter or persecutor punished
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:10
  basis: Predecessors devise plots and are punished; the note describes named enemies
    of Mohammed suffering death or blindness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: rain water from heaven
  literal_form: rain water descending from heaven, used for drink and plant nourishment
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: fruitful vegetation
  literal_form: corn, olives, palm-trees, grapes, and all kinds of fruits
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: celestial order
  literal_form: night, day, sun, moon, and stars serving by divine command
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: sea and ships
  literal_form: sea with fish, ornaments, ships ploughing waves, and commerce
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: firm mountains
  literal_form: mountains firmly rooted on earth so that it should not move with people
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: wayfinding marks and stars
  literal_form: marks and stars by which people are directed
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: dead idols
  literal_form: idols invoked besides God, described as dead and not living
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:8
  label: burden on the day of resurrection
  literal_form: burdens borne by those who erred and misled others
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:9
  label: collapsing building
  literal_form: a plotted building overthrown from the foundations with the roof falling
    from above
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Announcement of divine sentence and revelation
  summary: The passage opens by declaring that God's sentence will come and that angels
    descend with revelation to chosen servants commanding monotheistic preaching.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Creation and human benefit
  summary: God creates the heavens, earth, humans, cattle, riding animals, and other
    things, giving humans warmth, food, transport, ornament, and guidance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Natural signs of provision and order
  summary: Rain, vegetation, celestial bodies, the sea, mountains, rivers, paths,
    marks, and stars are described as divine provisions and signs.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:4
  label: Contrast between creator and idols
  summary: God as creator and knower is contrasted with idols that create nothing,
    are created, dead, and lack understanding.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:5
  label: Denial, burdens, and resurrection
  summary: Unbelievers deny the life to come, call revelation ancient fables, and
    are said to bear their own burdens and others' burdens on the day of resurrection.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: scene:6
  label: Unexpected punishment of plotters
  summary: Earlier plotters are punished when God overthrows their building from its
    foundations and the roof falls upon them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: scene:7
  label: Translator's note on persecutors punished
  summary: A note reports that Gabriel intervenes for Mohammed against five named
    Koreish enemies, who then suffer fatal or disabling afflictions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment against deniers and plotters
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage announces God's sentence, describes burdens on the day of resurrection,
    and narrates unexpected punishment of plotters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames judgment theologically; no external comparison is asserted.
- id: motif:2
  label: resurrection denied and affirmed
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: Man is described as disputing resurrection, unbelievers reject the life to
    come, and the day of resurrection is named as the time of burden-bearing.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not narrate an individual resurrection event; it asserts
    and disputes resurrection doctrine.
- id: motif:3
  label: creation as signs of divine wisdom
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Natural phenomena and provisions are repeatedly presented as signs for people
    who consider, understand, or reflect.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage is doctrinal and hymnic rather
    than a wisdom tale.
- id: motif:4
  label: life-giving heavenly water
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Rain water from heaven provides drink and causes vegetation and fruits to
    grow for humans and animals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Available taxonomy includes water as a symbol rather than a motif family;
    this is recorded primarily as a symbol.
- id: motif:5
  label: mountains stabilizing the earth
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Mountains are said to be firmly rooted so that the earth should not move
    with people.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not develop a cosmic mountain or world-axis narrative,
    so no cosmic_mountain taxonomy reference is assigned.
- id: motif:6
  label: false gods as lifeless powerless objects
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Idols invoked besides God are said to create nothing, to be created, dead,
    not living, and without understanding.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: No specific idol names or cult narrative are given.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 21763-21861, Chapter XVI opening
  quote_or_summary: "“THE sentence of GOD will surely come to be executed; wherefore
    do not hasten it.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, Chapter XVI opening
  quote_or_summary: God causes angels to descend with revelation by his command to
    chosen servants, commanding them to preach that there is no God except himself.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, Chapter XVI opening
  quote_or_summary: God creates the heavens and earth, and creates man from seed;
    man is described as a disputer against resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, Chapter XVI opening
  quote_or_summary: Cattle, horses, mules, and asses are created for warmth, food,
    burdens, riding, and ornament; God instructs men in the right way.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, verse marked 10 and following
  quote_or_summary: God sends rain water from heaven for drink and plant nourishment,
    causing corn, olives, palm-trees, grapes, and fruits to grow.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, after verse marked 10
  quote_or_summary: Night, day, sun, moon, and stars are subjected to human service
    by God's command and described as signs for understanding.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, after verse marked 10
  quote_or_summary: The sea is subjected so people may eat fish, obtain ornaments,
    see ships ploughing waves, seek abundance through commerce, and give thanks.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, after sea passage
  quote_or_summary: God places firmly rooted mountains so the earth should not move
    with people, and provides rivers, paths, marks, and stars for direction.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: quote
  locator: lines 21763-21861, verse marked 20 and following
  quote_or_summary: "“the idols which ye invoke, besides GOD, create nothing, but
    are themselves created. They are dead, and not living”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, after verse marked 20
  quote_or_summary: Unbelievers in the life to come deny evidence, proudly reject
    truth, and answer that what the Lord sent down to Mohammed is 'Fables of ancient
    times.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized with brief embedded phrase.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, after rejection speech
  quote_or_summary: Those given to error bear their own burdens and part of the burdens
    of those they caused to err on the day of resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, closing sentence of supplied passage
  quote_or_summary: Earlier predecessors devised plots, but God overthrew their building
    from the foundations; the roof fell on them and punishment came unexpectedly.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21763-21861, translator's note m
  quote_or_summary: A note says Gabriel came to Mohammed against five named Koreish
    enemies; after Gabriel's signs, they suffer deaths or blindness through arrows,
    thorns, sneezing, a thorny tree, or being struck blind.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized from note.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is based on the supplied English passage. Motif taxonomy
    assignments are cautious, especially where the passage presents doctrinal signs
    rather than narrative episodes. No comparison claims are made because the passage
    itself does not compare to other traditions.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. Public-domain excerpts are kept short; most evidence is summarized.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l21763-l21861
  passage_sha256=a97daa5891a0ed96aabd9607cd2da51b282ca292f986c2226474cfe541673c55