Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l20997-l21074

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l20997-l21074

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l20997-l21074
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER XII. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER XIII. / IN
    THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 20997-21074
  start: '20997'
  end: '21074'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: He causeth water to descend from heaven... Thus GOD setteth forth truth and
    vanity.
  summary: The passage includes commentary on thunder and punitive thunderbolts, then
    presents a parable in which rainwater, floods, froth, melted metals, and scum
    distinguish what is vain from what is useful. It contrasts those who obey God,
    keep the covenant, pray, give alms, and turn away evil with good, with those who
    violate the covenant and act corruptly. The obedient are promised paradise, entry
    with upright kin, angelic greetings at every gate, secure hearts in remembrance
    of God, and a happy resurrection; violators face curse, terrible account, hell,
    and a miserable dwelling.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The commentary says thunder and lightning are signs of approaching rain and
    notes a report in which thunder kills attackers or opponents of Mohammed.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Water descends from heaven, brooks flow by measure, and floods carry floating
    froth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Metals are melted in fire to cast ornaments or useful vessels, and a similar
    scum rises from them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage states that God uses the image of scum being thrown off and useful
    matter remaining as a parable for truth and vanity.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Those who obey their Lord receive an excellent reward, while those who do
    not obey face a terrible account and hell.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The prudent are described as those who consider, fulfill God's covenant, do
    not break their contract, fear their Lord, and dread an ill account.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The righteous are described as persevering, praying at stated times, giving
    alms secretly and openly, and turning away evil with good.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The reward of the righteous is paradise, described as gardens of eternal abode
    entered with upright fathers, wives, and posterity.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: Angels enter by every gate and greet the righteous with peace because they
    endured patiently.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: Those who violate the covenant, cut apart what God commanded to be joined,
    and act corruptly receive a curse and a miserable dwelling in hell.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: The passage says God gives provision abundantly or sparingly as he pleases,
    leads into error whom he pleases, and directs to himself those who repent.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Believers whose hearts rest in the meditation of God are promised blessedness
    and a happy resurrection.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / Lord
  description: The divine actor who sends water, sets forth parables, rewards obedience,
    judges disobedience, gives provision, leads into error, and directs the repentant.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Those who obey their Lord / righteous believers
  description: People who fulfill the covenant, pray, give alms, turn away evil with
    good, endure patiently, and receive paradise.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Those who obey not / covenant violators
  description: People who do not obey, violate God's covenant, cut apart what God
    commanded to be joined, act corruptly, and receive hell or curse.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Beings who enter by every gate of paradise and say peace to the patient
    righteous.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Infidels
  description: People who demand a sign from the Lord before believing.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: In the commentary note, he is the prophet whom Amer and Arbad intended
    to kill and who implored God's protection.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Amer Ebn al Tofail and Arbad Ebn Rabah
  description: In the commentary note, they approach Mohammed with intent to kill
    him; Arbad is struck dead by thunder, and Amer later dies of a pestilential boil.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine sender of rain
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God causes water to descend from heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: parable-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage states that God sets forth truth and vanity through the parable
    of froth, scum, and useful remainder.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: judge and dispenser
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God rewards, brings disobedient people to account, gives provision, and guides
    or misleads according to the passage.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: covenant keepers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They fulfill God's covenant and do not break their contract.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: recipients of paradise
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Their reward is paradise and angels greet them there.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: covenant violators under judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They violate the covenant, act corruptly, and receive curse, hell, or a terrible
    account.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: paradise greeters
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Angels enter by every gate and pronounce peace upon the patient.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: demanders of a sign
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: They say they will not believe unless a sign is sent down.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:9
  label: protected prophet in commentary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The commentary says Mohammed perceived the plot and implored God's protection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:10
  label: would-be attackers punished in commentary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The commentary says they intended to kill Mohammed and then suffered deadly
    punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: water from heaven
  literal_form: Rainwater descending from heaven, filling brooks and floods by measure.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: floating froth
  literal_form: Froth borne by floods.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: fire for melting metals
  literal_form: Fire used to melt metals for ornaments or vessels.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: metal scum
  literal_form: Scum rising from melted metals, compared to floating froth.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:5
  label: useful remainder
  literal_form: That which is useful to mankind remains on earth after scum is thrown
    off.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:6
  label: covenant of God
  literal_form: A covenant and contract that may be fulfilled or violated.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: gardens of eternal abode
  literal_form: Paradise described as gardens entered by the righteous and their upright
    kin.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: gates of paradise
  literal_form: Every gate through which angels enter to greet the righteous.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:9
  label: hell dwelling
  literal_form: Hell described as an unhappy couch and miserable dwelling.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: sym:10
  label: thunderbolt punishment in commentary
  literal_form: Thunder or thunderbolt striking and killing figures in explanatory
    reports.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Commentarial thunder punishments
  summary: The commentary associates thunder and lightning with rain and recounts
    reports in which opponents or would-be attackers are killed by thunder or a thunderbolt.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Parable of water, froth, fire, and scum
  summary: God sends rain; streams and floods carry froth; metals melted in fire produce
    scum; the scum is discarded while useful matter remains, illustrating truth and
    vanity.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Reward and account
  summary: Those who obey receive an excellent reward, while those who disobey would
    ransom themselves with all the earth but face a terrible account and hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Covenant keepers and their practices
  summary: The prudent fulfill God's covenant, maintain what God commanded to be joined,
    fear their Lord, persevere, pray, give alms, and turn away evil with good.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Paradise and angelic greeting
  summary: The righteous enter gardens of eternal abode with upright family members,
    and angels greet them by every gate with peace because of their patience.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Covenant violation and curse
  summary: Those who violate God's covenant, sever what God commanded to be joined,
    and act corruptly receive a curse and a miserable dwelling in hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Demand for a sign, guidance, and resurrection
  summary: Infidels demand a sign; the answer says God misleads whom he pleases and
    guides the repentant, while believers who remember God receive blessedness and
    happy resurrection.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine parable separating truth from vanity
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The parable contrasts discarded froth or scum with what remains useful, explicitly
    as a lesson about truth and vanity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy label 'wisdom' is broad; the passage itself frames the image
    as a parable rather than using a named motif family.
- id: motif:2
  label: Covenant kept and covenant broken
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The passage contrasts those who fulfill God's covenant and do not break their
    contract with those who violate the covenant after its establishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: ''
- id: motif:3
  label: Divine judgment of obedience and disobedience
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The obedient receive reward and paradise; the disobedient face a terrible
    account, curse, and hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: ''
- id: motif:4
  label: Paradise reward with angelic welcome
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The righteous enter gardens of eternal abode, and angels greet them with
    peace because they endured patiently.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: Mapped to divine judgment because paradise appears as the outcome of righteous
    conduct; no narrower taxonomy item for paradise is provided.
- id: motif:5
  label: Happy resurrection for believers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: Believers who do right are promised blessedness and a happy resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: ''
- id: motif:6
  label: Punitive thunderbolt in commentary
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The commentary recounts opponents or would-be killers of Mohammed being struck
    dead by thunder or thunderbolt after challenging or plotting against him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This material is from explanatory commentary in the passage, not the main
    translated Qur'anic verses in the excerpt.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 20997-21033
  quote_or_summary: Commentary explains thunder and lightning as signs of rain, describes
    thunder as possibly an angel driving clouds with sheets of fire, and recounts
    stories of Mohammed's opponents or would-be attackers being killed by thunder
    or thunderbolt.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 21035-21041
  quote_or_summary: "“He causeth water to descend from heaven... the floods bear the
    floating froth... from the metals which they melt in the fire... there ariseth
    a scum like unto it. Thus GOD setteth forth truth and vanity.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21041-21046
  quote_or_summary: The scum is thrown off and what is useful remains; those who obey
    receive an excellent reward, while the disobedient face a terrible account and
    hell.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21047-21052
  quote_or_summary: The one who knows the revelation is truth is contrasted with the
    blind; the prudent fulfill God's covenant, do not break their contract, join what
    God commanded to be joined, fear their Lord, and dread an ill account.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21053-21059
  quote_or_summary: Those who persevere, pray, give alms secretly and openly, and
    turn away evil with good are rewarded with paradise, gardens of eternal abode,
    entered with upright fathers, wives, and posterity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 21059-21061
  quote_or_summary: "“the angels shall go in unto them by every gate, saying, Peace
    be upon you, because ye have endured with patience”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21062-21065
  quote_or_summary: Those who violate God's covenant, cut apart what God commanded
    to be joined, and act corruptly in the earth receive a curse and a miserable dwelling
    in hell.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 21066-21074
  quote_or_summary: God gives provision abundantly or sparingly; infidels demand a
    sign; God leads into error whom he pleases and guides repentant believers, whose
    hearts rest in the meditation of God and who receive blessedness and a happy resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif labels are limited
    to the provided taxonomy and broad where no narrower category exists. Commentary
    material is treated separately from the translated Qur'anic passage.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage does not itself make an explicit comparative claim to another tradition or corpus.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l20997-l21074
  passage_sha256=2ce46c01977cbf06b1ddfd7abb90be2f63d50f89ccc064a59229809c1c728407