Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l19244-l19339

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l19244-l19339

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l19244-l19339
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER IX. / CHAPTER X. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 19244-19339
  start: '19244'
  end: '19339'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage recounts the children of Israel passing through the sea, Pharaoh
    and his army pursuing them, Pharaoh professing belief while drowning, and God
    raising Pharaoh''s body as a sign. It then describes Israel''s settlement and
    later religious disagreement, warns that signs do not benefit those who will not
    believe, and gives the people of Jonas/Nineveh as an exception: they repented
    before punishment and were spared for a time. Notes add interpretive details about
    Gabriel, Pharaoh''s corpse, and the threatening cloud of fire over Nineveh.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The children of Israel are caused to pass through the sea.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Pharaoh and his army follow the children of Israel in a violent and hostile
    manner.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: While drowning, Pharaoh declares belief in the God believed in by the children
    of Israel and says he is one of the resigned.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Pharaoh is reproached for believing only after previous rebellion and wickedness.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Pharaoh's body is to be raised from the bottom of the sea as a sign for later
    people.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The children of Israel are given an established dwelling in Canaan and good
    sustenance.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage states that God will judge religious disagreements on the day
    of resurrection.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage warns that some people will not believe even if every kind of
    miracle comes to them, until they see grievous punishment.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: The people of Jonas are singled out as believing before punishment, after
    which they are delivered from shameful punishment in this world and allowed to
    enjoy life and possessions for a time.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: The note describes the people of Nineveh seeing a black cloud that shot forth
    fire, filled the air with smoke, and hung over their city before they repented.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: The note says the people of Nineveh went into the fields with families and
    cattle, put on sackcloth, humbled themselves, called for pardon, and repented.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: The note says God forgave the people of Nineveh and the storm blew over.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: children of Israel
  description: A community caused to pass through the sea and later settled in Canaan
    with good sustenance.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: The ruler who pursues the children of Israel, professes belief while
    drowning, and whose body is raised as a sign.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Pharaoh's army
  description: The army that follows the children of Israel with Pharaoh in a violent
    and hostile manner.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: God / LORD
  description: The divine actor who causes Israel to pass through the sea, raises
    Pharaoh's body as a sign, judges on the day of resurrection, and forgives the
    repentant people of Jonas.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: In the notes, Gabriel stops Pharaoh's mouth with mud and, by God's
    command, causes Pharaoh's corpse to swim to shore.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: people of Jonas / inhabitants of Nineveh
  description: A city population that believes before punishment, repents, and is
    delivered from punishment for a time.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Jonas
  description: A preacher sent by God to reclaim the idolatrous inhabitants of Nineveh
    according to the note.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: delivered community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: They pass through the sea and are later given a dwelling and sustenance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: hostile pursuer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  basis: Pharaoh and his army follow the children of Israel violently and hostilely.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: late repentant drowned ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Pharaoh professes belief while drowning but is reproached for prior rebellion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: divine deliverer and sign-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: God causes the sea passage and raises Pharaoh's body as a sign.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: divine judge and forgiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The LORD judges disagreements on the day of resurrection and forgives the
    repentant Ninevites in the note.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: role:6
  label: angelic agent in commentary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The notes attribute actions concerning Pharaoh's mouth and corpse to Gabriel.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: role:7
  label: repentant spared city
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: They believe before punishment, humble themselves, and are delivered from
    punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: prophetic warner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The note says Jonas was sent by God to preach to and reclaim Nineveh.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: sea passage
  literal_form: sea
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: raised body as sign
  literal_form: Pharaoh's body raised from the bottom of the sea
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:10
- id: sym:3
  label: Canaan dwelling
  literal_form: established dwelling in the land of Canaan
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: threatening cloud with fire and smoke
  literal_form: black cloud shooting fire and filling the air with smoke over the
    city
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:5
  label: sackcloth repentance
  literal_form: sackcloth worn by the people of Nineveh
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Sea crossing and pursuit
  summary: The children of Israel pass through the sea while Pharaoh and his army
    pursue them violently.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Pharaoh's drowning confession and body as sign
  summary: Pharaoh declares belief while drowning, is reproached for his late belief,
    and his body is raised from the sea as a sign for later people.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:3
  label: Israel settled and later judged over disagreement
  summary: The children of Israel receive a dwelling and sustenance, later differ
    after knowledge comes to them, and God is said to judge their disagreements on
    the day of resurrection.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: People of Jonas repent and are spared
  summary: The people of Jonas believe before punishment; the note describes a fiery
    cloud over Nineveh, public repentance in sackcloth, divine forgiveness, and the
    storm passing over.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: deliverance through sea with destruction of hostile pursuer
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The children of Israel pass through the sea, while Pharaoh and his army pursue
    them and Pharaoh drowns after a late confession.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage describes a sea crossing and drowning, not a flood; classification
    is limited to divine judgment rather than a specific flood motif.
- id: motif:2
  label: corpse displayed as a divine sign
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Pharaoh's body is raised from the bottom of the sea so that it may be a sign
    to later people.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif concerns display of a body as a sign; it is not described as
    resurrection.
- id: motif:3
  label: late repentance at the moment of punishment rejected
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Pharaoh professes belief while drowning, but is reproached for believing
    only after earlier rebellion and wickedness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The note adds Gabriel's action; the core passage emphasizes the lateness
    of Pharaoh's belief.
- id: motif:4
  label: repentance averts threatened destruction of a city
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The people of Jonas believe before punishment and are delivered; the note
    describes their collective repentance and God's forgiveness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The details of the cloud, fire, smoke, and sackcloth are from explanatory
    notes rather than the main translated verse.
- id: motif:5
  label: fiery cloud as omen of city punishment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - world_destroying_fire
  basis: The note describes a black cloud shooting fire and smoke over Nineveh shortly
    before the people repent and the storm passes over.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The threatened destruction is local to a city, not world-destroying; taxonomy
    reference is approximate and should be reviewed.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage and note explicitly connect Pharaoh's drowned body with the Exodus
    sea-crossing tradition by citing Exodus xiv.30.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Exodus sea-crossing and Pharaoh's drowning tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is based on the passage's footnote citation and shared
    narrative elements; it does not establish historical dependence beyond the supplied
    text.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage's account of the people of Jonas/Nineveh repenting before destruction
    aligns with the Jonah/Nineveh repentance tradition cited in the note.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Jonah iii.4 and Nineveh repentance tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison relies on the supplied note's citation and summary;
    no external text is used here.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 19263-19265
  quote_or_summary: "“we caused the children of Israel to pass through the sea; and
    Pharaoh and his army followed them in a violent and hostile manner”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 19265-19267
  quote_or_summary: While drowning, Pharaoh says he believes there is no God but the
    one believed in by the children of Israel and that he is one of the resigned.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 19268-19269
  quote_or_summary: "“Now dost thou believe; when thou hast been hitherto rebellious,
    and one of the wicked doers?”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 19270-19272
  quote_or_summary: "“This day will we raise thy body ... from the bottom of the sea,
    that thou mayest be a sign unto those who shall be after thee”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 19273-19277
  quote_or_summary: God prepares an established dwelling in Canaan and good sustenance
    for the children of Israel; they later differ after knowledge comes, and the LORD
    will judge their disagreements on the day of resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 19283-19289
  quote_or_summary: The passage says those under God's decree will not believe even
    if every kind of miracle comes to them, until they see grievous punishment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 19290-19295
  quote_or_summary: 'The people of Jonas are the exception among destroyed cities:
    when they believed, God delivered them from shameful punishment in this world
    and let them enjoy life and possessions for a time.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 19317-19335
  quote_or_summary: The note identifies the people as inhabitants of Nineveh, says
    Jonas was sent to reclaim them, describes a black cloud shooting fire and smoke
    over the city, and says the people repented in sackcloth with families and cattle,
    after which God forgave them and the storm passed over.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 19300-19305
  quote_or_summary: The note says Pharaoh repeated his confession in extremity, but
    Gabriel stopped his mouth with mud lest he obtain mercy, reproaching him with
    the following words.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 19306-19312
  quote_or_summary: The note says some Israelites doubted Pharaoh's drowning, so Gabriel,
    by God's command, caused his corpse to swim to shore; it also cites Exodus xiv.30
    and mentions a variant involving a coat of mail.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Core narrative extraction is direct from the supplied passage. Motif taxonomy
    choices are conservative; some details come from translator/commentary notes rather
    than the main translated verses.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. Notes in the source passage were treated as evidence distinct from the main translated verses.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l19244-l19339
  passage_sha256=dae9f2acfb8d9b4614a7ff9f34b88fc805944ce2ae98fc0aee5940bf061efcc1