Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l18846-l18933

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l18846-l18933

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l18846-l18933
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER IX. / CHAPTER X. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 18846-18933
  start: '18846'
  end: '18933'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'Opening of Chapter X, Jonas: the passage presents the revealed book as
    signs, defends revelation to a man among the Meccans, describes God as creator
    and ruler, asserts return to God, reward and punishment, cosmic signs in sun,
    moon, night, and day, contrasts unbelievers with believers, describes gardens
    with rivers for the righteous, warns of hell fire and boiling water, recalls earlier
    destroyed generations, and rejects demands to alter the Qur''an or claims that
    other worshiped beings intercede with God.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage identifies the text as the signs of the wise book and says revelation
    has been sent to a man from among the people addressed.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The unbelievers call the message manifest sorcery, according to the passage
    and note.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: God is described as creating the heavens and the earth in six days and then
    ascending his throne to govern all things.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage states that there is no intercessor except by God's permission.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: All are said to return to God according to a certain promise; God produces
    a creature and causes it to return again.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Believers who do right are promised equitable reward, while unbelievers are
    assigned boiling water and grievous punishment.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: God is said to have ordained the sun for daytime shining and the moon for
    nighttime light with stations for reckoning years and time.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The alternation of night and day and created things in heaven and earth are
    called signs for those who fear God.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Those who do not hope to meet God at the last day and are negligent of the
    signs are said to have hell fire as their dwelling.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Those who believe and work righteousness are described as being directed by
    their Lord and having rivers flowing through gardens of pleasure.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: The prayer and salutation of the righteous in the gardens include praise to
    God and peace.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:12
  text: A person afflicted by evil prays to God lying, sitting, or standing, but after
    deliverance continues as though he had not called upon God.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:13
  text: Earlier generations are said to have been destroyed after acting unjustly
    and rejecting apostles who came with evident miracles.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:14
  text: The addressed people are said to have succeeded earlier destroyed generations
    in the earth so that their actions might be seen.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:15
  text: Those who do not hope to meet God at the resurrection ask for a different
    Qur'an or changes in it; the answer says the speaker follows only what is revealed.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:16
  text: The passage says some worship beings besides God that can neither hurt nor
    profit them, calling them intercessors with God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: obs:17
  text: The passage states that people were once of one religion but later dissented
    from it, with punishment deferred by prior decree.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / Lord
  description: The creator, ruler, revealer, judge, and one to whom all return in
    the passage.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:13
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: man from among the Meccans / speaker receiving revelation
  description: A man from among the addressed people to whom God's will is revealed
    and who says he follows only what is revealed to him.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:13
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: unbelievers
  description: People who call the message sorcery, do not hope to meet God, and are
    associated with punishment.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: believers and righteous
  description: Those who believe and do right, receive guidance, and are promised
    gardens with rivers.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: apostles of former generations
  description: Messengers who came to earlier generations with evident miracles.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: former generations
  description: Earlier peoples who acted unjustly, rejected apostles, and were destroyed.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: worshiped beings besides God
  description: Entities worshiped besides God, described as unable to hurt or profit
    and claimed by worshipers to be intercessors.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: creator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God creates the heavens and the earth and created things in heaven and earth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God ascends his throne to take on the government of all things.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: judge and rewarder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Return to God is linked with reward for believers and punishment for unbelievers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: revealer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God's will is revealed, and the speaker follows only what is revealed to
    him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:13
- id: role:5
  label: recipient and reciter of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage says revelation is sent to a man among the people and that he
    recites or teaches only by God's will.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:13
- id: role:6
  label: rejecters of signs
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The unbelievers call the message sorcery and are described as negligent of
    signs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: rewarded righteous
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Those who believe and work righteousness are guided and placed in gardens
    of pleasure with rivers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: messengers with miracles
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Apostles came to former generations with evident miracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:9
  label: destroyed unjust predecessors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Former generations acted unjustly, would not believe, and were destroyed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:10
  label: claimed intercessors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Worshipers call beings besides God their intercessors, though the passage
    denies their independent power.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: throne
  literal_form: God's throne
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: boiling water
  literal_form: boiling water drunk by unbelievers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: sun
  literal_form: sun ordained to shine by day
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: moon
  literal_form: moon ordained as a light by night with stations
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: night and day
  literal_form: vicissitudes of night and day
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: hell fire
  literal_form: hell fire as dwelling of those negligent of signs
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: rivers in gardens
  literal_form: rivers flowing through gardens of pleasure
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: evident signs
  literal_form: signs or evident signs recited or shown as miracles
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Revelation and accusation of sorcery
  summary: The passage presents the wise book as signs revealed to a man among the
    Meccans; unbelievers respond by calling it manifest sorcery.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Creation, throne, and return to God
  summary: God is described as creator of heaven and earth, ruler from the throne,
    sole source of permitted intercession, and the one to whom all return for reward
    or punishment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Cosmic signs of time
  summary: The sun, moon, night and day, and created things in heaven and earth are
    presented as signs through which time is known and understanding is invited.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Afterlife contrast
  summary: Those negligent of signs are assigned hell fire, while believers and righteous
    people are guided into gardens of pleasure with flowing rivers, where praise and
    peace are spoken.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:5
  label: Prayer in affliction and return to former conduct
  summary: A person afflicted by evil calls on God in several postures, but after
    deliverance resumes his prior conduct as if he had not prayed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: scene:6
  label: Destroyed predecessors and present succession
  summary: Earlier unjust generations rejected apostles with evident miracles and
    were destroyed; the addressed people later succeeded them in the earth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: scene:7
  label: Demand to alter revelation and rejection of other intercessors
  summary: Opponents ask for a different or changed Qur'an; the speaker refuses to
    alter revelation by personal will, and the passage rejects worship of beings besides
    God as intercessors.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: creation and divine rule from the throne
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage describes God creating heavens and earth in six days and ascending
    the throne to govern all things.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No more detailed cosmogenic narrative is given in this passage.
- id: motif:2
  label: return to God for judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - return
  basis: All are said to return to God, with believers rewarded and unbelievers punished.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames return as eschatological accountability, not a heroic
    return narrative.
- id: motif:3
  label: afterlife reward and punishment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - afterlife_journey_map
  basis: The passage contrasts hell fire and boiling water for unbelievers with gardens
    of pleasure and flowing rivers for believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives destinations and conditions but not a journey itinerary.
- id: motif:4
  label: cosmic signs for sacred time
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The sun, moon, stations, night and day are described as signs by which years
    and time are computed and understood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Available taxonomy has no precise cosmic-time or astral-sign category;
    wisdom is a broad fit.
- id: motif:5
  label: rejection of prophetic revelation as sorcery
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Unbelievers call the revealed message manifest sorcery and later ask for
    a different or altered Qur'an.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:13
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference precisely covers rejected revelation.
- id: motif:6
  label: destruction of unbelieving former generations
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Former generations are destroyed after injustice and refusal to believe apostles
    with miracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not identify the generations or describe the mode of
    destruction.
- id: motif:7
  label: false or denied intercession
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage denies independent intercessors and rejects beings worshiped
    besides God as powerless.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:14
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not narrate an actual intercession scene.
- id: motif:8
  label: prayer in distress followed by forgetfulness after deliverance
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: A person prays to God during affliction but after deliverance proceeds as
    though he had not prayed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a moral-exemplary pattern rather than a mythic episode with named
    figures.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18846-18855
  quote_or_summary: The wise book is called signs; God's will is revealed to a man
    among the Meccans to warn and give good tidings; unbelievers say it is manifest
    sorcery.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: note
  locator: note u within lines 18868-18872
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note explains that 'manifest sorcery' refers to the Koran,
    with another reading applying the charge of sorcerer to Mohammed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; note summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18856-18860
  quote_or_summary: God created the heavens and earth in six days, ascended his throne,
    governs all things, and permits any intercession.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18861-18865
  quote_or_summary: All return to God; God produces a creature and causes it to return;
    believers are rewarded and unbelievers drink boiling water and suffer punishment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18866-18869
  quote_or_summary: God ordained the sun to shine by day and the moon as light by
    night, with stations for knowing years and computing time.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18870-18872
  quote_or_summary: The alternation of night and day and whatever God created in heaven
    and earth are signs for those who fear him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18885-18888
  quote_or_summary: Those who do not hope to meet God at the last day, delight in
    present life, and neglect the signs have hell fire as their dwelling.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18889-18891
  quote_or_summary: Believers who work righteousness are directed by their Lord and
    have rivers flowing through gardens of pleasure.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18892-18895
  quote_or_summary: In the gardens, their prayer praises God, their salutation is
    peace, and the end of their prayer praises God as Lord of all creatures.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18898-18903
  quote_or_summary: When evil befalls a man he prays to God lying, sitting, or standing;
    after deliverance he resumes his former course as if he had not called on God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18904-18907
  quote_or_summary: Former generations were destroyed after acting unjustly and rejecting
    apostles who came with evident miracles.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18908-18909
  quote_or_summary: The addressed people were caused to succeed former generations
    in the earth so their actions might be observed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18910-18918
  quote_or_summary: Opponents ask for a different or changed Qur'an; the answer says
    the speaker cannot change it by choice and follows only what is revealed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18922-18927
  quote_or_summary: Some worship beings besides God that can neither hurt nor profit
    them and call them intercessors with God; the response rejects this association.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:15
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18928-18933
  quote_or_summary: People were once of one religion but dissented; a prior decree
    from the Lord defers decision on their disagreement.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif taxonomy mapping
    is sometimes broad where no exact available category exists. No comparison claims
    were added because the passage itself does not make explicit cross-traditional
    comparisons.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All evidence is summarized from the provided public-domain passage and notes; no external material used.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l18846-l18933
  passage_sha256=1032c955e62e38d9d5519d92bb089b05b17d288990243094738032451cdad562