Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17960-l18035

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17960-l18035

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17960-l18035
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE
    MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER IX.; lines 17960-18035
  start: '17960'
  end: '18035'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage includes translator/commentarial notes on divine presence,
    celestial auxiliaries, captives, restriction from Mecca, rain and provision, and
    tribute/protection. The main Qur''anic portion rejects claims that Ezra and Christ
    are sons of God, condemns treating priests and monks as lords besides God, declares
    that God''s light will be perfected despite opposition, states that the apostle
    was sent with guidance and true religion, and announces punishment for religious
    authorities and others who wrongfully consume or hoard wealth: their treasures
    will be heated in hellfire and used to mark their bodies on the day of judgment.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A note says the word Saknat is interpreted by commentators as divine presence
    or Shechinah appearing to aid the Moslems.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: 'A note reports differing commentator counts for celestial auxiliaries: five
    thousand, eight thousand, or sixteen thousand.'
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: A note says a promise was fulfilled by God's sending rain and by provisions
    brought after inhabitants of towns in Yaman embraced Islam.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: A note describes protection for Jews and Christians, and in some views other
    religious groups, on condition of paying tribute.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage states that Jews say Ezra is the son of God and Christians say
    Christ is the Son of God, and rejects these sayings.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The passage says priests and monks are taken as lords besides God, although
    people are commanded to worship one God only.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage says opponents seek to extinguish the light of God with their
    mouths, but God wills to perfect his light.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage says God sent his apostle with direction and true religion so
    that it may appear superior to every other religion.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage says many priests and monks devour men's substance in vanity and
    obstruct the way of God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage announces grievous punishment for those who treasure up gold and
    silver without employing it for God's true religion.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: On the day of judgment, the hoarded treasures are heated in the fire of hell
    and used to stigmatize foreheads, sides, and backs.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The one God who sends rain, resists rejected claims, perfects his light,
    sends his apostle, and is associated with judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Moslems
  description: The group said in a note to be aided by the divine presence or Shechinah.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Celestial auxiliaries
  description: Heavenly helpers whose number is variously given by commentators as
    five thousand, eight thousand, or sixteen thousand.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Jews
  description: A religious community described as saying that Ezra is the son of God
    and as eligible for protection on payment of tribute in the note.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Christians
  description: A religious community described as saying that Christ is the Son of
    God and as eligible for protection on payment of tribute in the note.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Ezra
  description: Named in the statement attributed to the Jews as the son of God.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Christ the son of Mary
  description: Named in the statement attributed to Christians as the Son of God and
    also listed among those taken as lords besides God.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Priests and monks
  description: Religious authorities said to be taken as lords besides God and also
    accused of devouring men's substance and obstructing God's way.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: True believers
  description: The audience addressed before the warning about priests, monks, hoarded
    wealth, and punishment.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: His apostle
  description: The messenger sent with direction and true religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Infidels and idolaters
  description: Opponents described as averse to God's perfected light and the superiority
    of true religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Those who treasure up gold and silver
  description: People warned of grievous punishment for storing wealth without using
    it for the advancement of God's true religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Tormentors
  description: Speakers who tell the punished hoarders to taste what they had treasured
    up.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: sole deity and judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage commands worship of one God, says God perfects his light and
    sends his apostle, and frames punishment on the day of judgment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: divinely aided community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The note says the divine presence or Shechinah appeared to aid the Moslems.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: heavenly helpers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The note calls them celestial auxiliaries and gives differing counts for
    them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: religious communities criticized and regulated
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  basis: The main passage criticizes claims attributed to Jews and Christians, while
    the note discusses their protection on payment of tribute.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: figures named in rejected divine sonship claims
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: Ezra and Christ are named in statements about being God's son or Son of God,
    which the passage rejects.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: religious authorities criticized
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Priests and monks are said to be taken as lords besides God and to devour
    men's substance in vanity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: admonished audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The warning about priests, monks, and hoarded wealth is addressed to true
    believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: messenger of direction and true religion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The passage says God sent his apostle with the direction and true religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: opponents of divine light and true religion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Infidels and idolaters are described as averse to God's perfected light and
    the superiority of the true religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:10
  label: wealth-hoarders under judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Those who treasure gold and silver without employing it for God's religion
    are threatened with grievous punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:11
  label: punitive speakers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The tormentors speak to the punished hoarders during the punishment scene.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Saknat or divine presence
  literal_form: The divine presence or Shechinah appearing to aid the Moslems.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Celestial auxiliaries
  literal_form: Heavenly helpers counted by commentators as five thousand, eight thousand,
    or sixteen thousand.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: Rain and provisions
  literal_form: Plenty of rain and sufficient provisions sent or supplied after the
    promise.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: Tribute for protection
  literal_form: Payment of tribute as the condition under which certain religious
    communities are admitted to protection.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: Light of God
  literal_form: God's light, which opponents seek to extinguish with their mouths
    and which God wills to perfect.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: Gold and silver treasures
  literal_form: Stored gold and silver not used for the advancement of God's true
    religion.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: Fire of hell
  literal_form: The fire in which treasures are intensely heated for punishment.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: Stigmatized body parts
  literal_form: Foreheads, sides, and backs marked with the heated treasures.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Divine presence and celestial aid
  summary: A note explains Saknat as divine presence or Shechinah aiding the Moslems
    and reports differing numbers of celestial auxiliaries.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Divine provision through rain and supplies
  summary: A note says a promise was fulfilled through rain, conversion of towns in
    Yaman, and the arrival of sufficient provisions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Protection through tribute
  summary: A note explains that Jews and Christians, and according to some opinions
    other groups, may be protected on condition of paying tribute.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Rejection of divine sonship and rival lordship
  summary: The passage reports and rejects claims about Ezra and Christ as sons of
    God, and condemns taking priests, monks, and Christ as lords besides the one God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: God's light and the apostle's mission
  summary: Opponents try to extinguish God's light, but God perfects it and sends
    his apostle with direction and true religion.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Judgment of hoarded wealth
  summary: Priests and monks are accused of devouring wealth, and hoarders of gold
    and silver are warned that their treasures will be heated in hellfire and used
    to mark their bodies on judgment day.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine aid through presence and heavenly auxiliaries
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The note describes divine presence or Shechinah appearing to aid the Moslems
    and mentions celestial auxiliaries.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This material is in translator/commentarial notes rather than in the quoted
    Qur'anic verses of this passage.
- id: motif:2
  label: Divine provision by rain and supplied food
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The note says God fulfilled a promise by sending rain and arranging sufficient
    provisions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage gives this as a commentator's explanation of fulfillment,
    not as a full narrative episode.
- id: motif:3
  label: Protection granted in exchange for tribute
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  - covenant
  basis: The note states that Jews and Christians are admitted to protection on payment
    of tribute and discusses which groups are included.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The content is legal-theological and may not function as a mythic covenant
    in a strict sense.
- id: motif:4
  label: Rejected divine parent-child attribution
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: The passage reports claims that Ezra and Christ are sons of God and rejects
    them while asserting worship of one God only.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The divine parent-child relation is cited polemically as a claim to be
    denied, not affirmed by the passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: Unextinguishable divine light
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Opponents seek to extinguish God's light with their mouths, but God wills
    to perfect his light.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: No matching supplied taxonomy family for light imagery is available.
- id: motif:6
  label: Divine judgment through transformed hoarded wealth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: On the day of judgment, hoarded gold and silver are heated in hellfire and
    used to stigmatize the hoarders' bodies.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The fire is punitive hellfire, not a world-destroying fire motif.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17960-17968
  quote_or_summary: Commentarial notes identify Saknat as divine presence or Shechinah
    aiding the Moslems and report variant counts of celestial auxiliaries.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17969-17977
  quote_or_summary: Notes mention restoration of captives, exclusion of non-Muslims
    from Mecca, and fulfillment of a promise through rain, conversions, and provisions.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17978-18007
  quote_or_summary: The note discusses tribute paid by Jews, Christians, and possibly
    other religious groups as a condition of protection, with differing legal opinions
    on amounts and eligible groups.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18011-18019
  quote_or_summary: The passage says Jews call Ezra the son of God and Christians
    call Christ the Son of God, rejects these statements, and says priests, monks,
    and Christ are taken as lords besides God despite the command to worship one God
    only.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18020-18025
  quote_or_summary: Opponents seek to extinguish God's light with their mouths, but
    God wills to perfect it; God sent his apostle with direction and true religion
    so it may appear superior to every other religion.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18026-18035
  quote_or_summary: Many priests and monks devour men's substance and obstruct God's
    way; those hoarding gold and silver are warned that their treasures will be heated
    in hellfire and used to mark their foreheads, sides, and backs on judgment day.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage combines Qur'anic translation with translator/commentarial notes,
    so motifs drawn from notes are marked with caution. No external comparison claims
    were made.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the provided passage text and metadata. Comparison claims left empty because the passage does not itself support a specific cross-text comparison beyond candidate motif-family tagging.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l17960-l18035
  passage_sha256=5400be6651fdb03b758f7d161e2e0669687e139d3cccfd0196a0c51523096371