Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17810-l17901

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17810-l17901

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17810-l17901
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VIII. / IN THE NAME OF THE
    MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER IX.; lines 17810-17901
  start: '17810'
  end: '17901'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage gives instructions about covenants with idolaters, exceptions
    for those faithful to their league, fighting treaty violators, granting safe-conduct
    to an idolater who seeks to hear God's word, standards for temple visitation,
    reward for believers who migrate and fight, warnings against preferring kin and
    possessions over God and his apostle, and a reminder of divine assistance and
    retreat at Honein.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Covenants with idolaters who have not failed or assisted others against the
    believers are to be kept until their term ends.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: After the prohibited months, the passage commands the believers to kill, capture,
    besiege, and ambush idolaters, while releasing those who repent, pray, and pay
    legal alms.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: An idolater who asks protection is to be protected so that he may hear the
    word of God and then reach a place of security.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Mutual fidelity is required toward those with whom a league was made at the
    holy temple, as long as they remain faithful.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage describes some opponents as violating oaths, reviling religion,
    conspiring to expel the apostle of God, and assaulting the believers first.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The passage states that God will punish the opponents by the believers' hands,
    shame them, grant victory, and heal the breasts of believing people.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Idolaters are said not to be fit visitors of the temples of God, and their
    works are described as vain, with hell fire as their abiding place.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: The proper visitor of the temples of God is described as one who believes
    in God and the last day, prays, pays legal alms, and fears God alone.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: Believers who have fled their country and employed their substance and persons
    in defense of God's religion are promised high honor, mercy, goodwill, and gardens
    of lasting pleasure.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: Believers are warned not to prefer fathers, sons, brethren, wives, relations,
    wealth, merchandise, and dwellings over God, his apostle, and the advancement
    of religion.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:11
  text: At Honein, the believers' multitude did not benefit them; the spacious earth
    became too strait for them, and they retreated.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine speaker or authority who loves those who fear him, grants
    mercy, judges conduct, punishes, gives victory, and rewards believers.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: idolaters
  description: Opponents or nonbelievers addressed as possible treaty partners, enemies,
    prisoners, petitioners for protection, or violators of oaths.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: true believers
  description: The addressed community commanded to keep faithful covenants, fight
    violators, pray, give alms, avoid improper loyalties, and remember divine assistance.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: apostle of God
  description: God's apostle, against whom enemies are said to have conspired to expel
    him; believers are told not to prefer kin or goods over God, his apostle, and
    religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:9
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: leaders of infidelity
  description: Opposing leaders to be opposed after violation of oaths and reviling
    of religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: believers who fled their country
  description: Those who believed, fled their country, and used substance and persons
    in defense of God's religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: kin and household relations
  description: Fathers, sons, brethren, wives, and relations named as possible objects
    of loyalty competing with God, the apostle, and religion.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is the source of commands, love for the God-fearing, and knowledge of
    deeds.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: divine judge and rewarder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is said to punish opponents, give victory, heal believers, and grant
    mercy and gardens as reward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:3
  label: covenant partner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Some idolaters have entered leagues and must receive fulfillment of the covenant
    when faithful.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: protected petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: An idolater who asks protection is to receive protection and safe-conduct.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: oath violator and opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Some opponents are described as violating oaths, reviling religion, and assaulting
    first.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: commanded fighting community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Believers are commanded to fight those who violated oaths and are told God
    will punish through their hands.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: ritually faithful community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Prayer, legal alms, fear of God, and belief in God and the last day are presented
    as marks of proper religious standing.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: tested by loyalty
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Believers are warned against preferring kin, wealth, merchandise, and dwellings
    over God, the apostle, and religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:9
  label: threatened apostle
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Opponents are said to have conspired to expel the apostle of God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:10
  label: opposed infidelity leaders
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The passage commands opposition to the leaders of infidelity after oath violation
    and reviling religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:11
  label: emigrant defender of religion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Those who believed, fled their country, and spent substance and persons in
    defense of God's religion receive highest honor and reward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:12
  label: competing kin loyalty
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Kin and household relations are listed among things not to be loved more
    than God, the apostle, and religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: covenant or league
  literal_form: A league or covenant made with idolaters, with oaths and fixed terms.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: holy temple and temples of God
  literal_form: The holy temple and temples of God, associated with leagues, visitation,
    and religious merit.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: sym:3
  label: prayer and legal alms
  literal_form: Appointed times of prayer and legal alms as practices marking repentance
    or proper belief.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: sym:4
  label: hell fire
  literal_form: Hell fire as the stated permanent abode of idolaters whose works are
    vain.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: gardens of lasting pleasure
  literal_form: Gardens in which rewarded believers continue forever.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: narrowed earth at Honein
  literal_form: The earth becoming too strait for the believers despite being spacious.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:7
  label: substance and persons
  literal_form: Believers' property and bodies/persons employed in defense of God's
    religion.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Faithful covenant exception
  summary: The passage exempts from renunciation those idolaters who have kept their
    league and commands fulfillment of the covenant until its term ends.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Post-prohibited-months command and repentance condition
  summary: After the prohibited months, believers are commanded to fight idolaters,
    but those who repent, pray, and pay alms are to be released.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Safe-conduct for a petitioner
  summary: An idolater who asks for protection is to receive protection to hear God's
    word and then reach a secure place.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Violation of oaths and command to fight
  summary: The passage identifies enemies who violate oaths, revile religion, and
    conspire against the apostle, and urges believers to fight them while fearing
    God rather than them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Temple visitation and religious merit
  summary: The passage contrasts improper temple visitation by idolaters with proper
    visitation by believers who pray, give alms, and fear God, and rejects equality
    between temple-related service and belief with fighting for God's religion.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Reward for emigrant defenders
  summary: Those who believed, fled their country, and used their substance and persons
    in defense of God's religion are promised honor, mercy, goodwill, and eternal
    gardens.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:7
  label: Warning against preferring kin and possessions
  summary: Believers are warned not to value family, wealth, merchandise, or dwellings
    above God, the apostle, and the advancement of religion.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:8
  label: Honein retreat after confidence in numbers
  summary: The passage recalls the battle of Honein, where believers trusted their
    multitude, found it no advantage, experienced the earth as constricted, and retreated.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Covenant fidelity and covenant violation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The passage repeatedly treats leagues, oaths, fidelity, fixed terms, and
    violation of oaths as grounds for protection or conflict.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage concerns legal-religious obligations rather than a narrative
    covenant origin story.
- id: motif:2
  label: Divine judgment through punishment and reward
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: God is said to punish opponents by believers' hands, shame them, grant victory,
    condemn some to hell fire, and reward faithful emigrant defenders with mercy and
    gardens.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: Judgment appears as exhortation and promise within a legal-militant passage,
    not as a courtroom or final-judgment scene.
- id: motif:3
  label: Afterlife reward in gardens and hell fire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage contrasts hell fire for idolaters whose works are vain with eternal
    gardens of lasting pleasure for rewarded believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: Available taxonomy does not include a separate paradise-garden motif;
    classification is under divine judgment.
- id: motif:4
  label: Departure for sacred cause
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Those who believed and fled their country while spending substance and persons
    in defense of God's religion are singled out for high honor and reward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage mentions flight from country but does not narrate the departure
    episode in detail.
- id: motif:5
  label: Renunciation of ordinary kinship loyalty for divine allegiance
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Believers are instructed not to prefer fathers, brethren, family, possessions,
    commerce, or dwellings over God, the apostle, and the advancement of religion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly matches this loyalty-renunciation
    pattern.
- id: motif:6
  label: Divine aid despite failed confidence in numbers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage recalls God assisting believers in many engagements and at Honein,
    where their multitude did not help and they retreated.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The extracted range ends before any fuller resolution of the Honein episode;
    the motif is based only on the reminder and partial battle description here.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17810-17815
  quote_or_summary: Covenants with idolaters who have not failed the believers or
    aided others against them are to be performed until the term elapses; God loves
    those who fear him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17816-17822
  quote_or_summary: After the prohibited months, idolaters are to be killed, taken
    prisoner, besieged, and ambushed; if they repent, pray, and pay legal alms, they
    are to be dismissed freely.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17823-17827
  quote_or_summary: If any idolater asks protection, protection is to be granted so
    he may hear the word of God and then reach his place of security.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17828-17832
  quote_or_summary: Those with whom a league was made at the holy temple are excepted;
    as long as they are faithful, the believers are to be faithful toward them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17839-17850
  quote_or_summary: If opponents violate oaths after a league and revile religion,
    the believers are to oppose the leaders of infidelity; they are described as having
    conspired to expel the apostle and assaulted first.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17864-17869
  quote_or_summary: The passage commands attack and says God will punish opponents
    by the believers' hands, cover them with shame, give victory, heal believers'
    breasts, and remove indignation.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17873-17880
  quote_or_summary: Idolaters are not fitting visitors of God's temples and shall
    remain in hell fire; proper visitors believe in God and the last day, pray, pay
    legal alms, and fear God alone.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17881-17891
  quote_or_summary: Giving drink to pilgrims and visiting the holy temple are contrasted
    with believing and fighting for God's religion; those who believed, fled their
    country, and used substance and persons for God's religion receive high honor,
    mercy, goodwill, and eternal gardens.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17892-17899
  quote_or_summary: Believers are warned not to take fathers or brethren as friends
    if they prefer infidelity, and not to hold family, wealth, merchandise, or dwellings
    dearer than God, his apostle, and religion.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17900-17901
  quote_or_summary: God is said to have assisted the believers in many engagements,
    especially Honein, where their multitude did not advantage them, the earth became
    strait, and they retreated.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied line range. Motif classification
    is cautious because the passage is primarily legal, exhortative, and theological
    rather than a complete narrative episode. No comparison claims were made because
    the passage itself does not support comparison to another text or tradition.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All evidence is summarized from the public-domain Sale translation passage supplied in the request.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l17810-l17901
  passage_sha256=8b6a06b86d250c1553af7857c8b396dde4f04776b9de9d573ab6f2fba4b2d6fe