batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17673-l17733
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17673-l17733
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER VII / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VIII. / IN
THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 17673-17733
start: '17673'
end: '17733'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: Sale's notes recount the taking of seventy prisoners at Bedr, the debate
over ransom or execution, a rebuke by revelation for leniency, later losses at
Ohod described as retaliation or atonement, the ransom and conversion of al Abbs
after Mohammed discloses hidden gold by revelation, and a closing rule about believers
who fled and fought and about blood kinship under the book of God.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Seventy prisoners are said to have been taken by the Moslems in the battle,
including Al Abbs and Okail.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Mohammed asks his companions what should be done with the prisoners.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Abu Becr advises releasing the prisoners on payment of ransom because they
are near relations to the prophet and may repent.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:4
text: Omar advises striking off the prisoners' heads as patrons of infidelity.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:5
text: Mohammed says Abu Becr resembles Abraham in interceding for offenders and
Omar resembles Noah in praying for the extirpation of the wicked antediluvians.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: A ransom is accepted from the prisoners and fellow-captives.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:7
text: Omar later finds Mohammed and Abu Becr weeping in the prophet's tent after
a verse is revealed condemning their leniency toward the prisoners.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:8
text: The passage says they narrowly escaped divine vengeance, with Omar and Saad
Ebn Moadh named as exceptions because of their severity toward the prisoners.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:9
text: The Moslems' later loss of seventy men at Ohod is described as equal to the
number of prisoners taken at Bedr and as ordered by God for retaliation or atonement.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:10
text: Al Abbs is obliged to ransom himself and two nephews, Okail and Nawfal Ebn
al Hareth.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:11
text: Mohammed asks Al Abbs about gold left with Omm al Fadl at midnight, and says
God revealed this to him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:12
text: Al Abbs professes Islam after hearing of the revealed knowledge about the
hidden gold.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:13
text: Al Abbs later is said to have a large substance and custody of the well Zemzem.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:14
text: The closing verse states that those who have believed, fled their country,
and fought with the believers are of them, while blood relations are nearest of
kin according to the book of God.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: The prophet who asks advice about the prisoners, accepts ransom, receives
or reports revelation, and discloses hidden knowledge to Al Abbs.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Abu Becr
description: Companion who advises ransom and is compared to Abraham for interceding
for offenders.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Omar
description: Companion who advises execution of the prisoners, is compared to Noah,
and is named among those who would have been spared from divine vengeance.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Al Abbs
description: Mohammed's uncle, one of the prisoners, obliged to ransom himself and
two nephews, and later professing Islam after Mohammed discloses knowledge of
hidden gold.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Okail
description: Son of Abu Tleb, brother of Ali, named among the prisoners and later
among Al Abbs's nephews for whom ransom is required.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Nawfal Ebn al Hareth
description: One of the nephews for whom Al Abbs is obliged to pay ransom.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Saad Ebn Moadh
description: A severe person who, like Omar, was for putting the prisoners to death
and is named as one who would have been spared.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Omm al Fadl
description: Woman to whom Al Abbs is said to have delivered gold at midnight before
leaving Mecca.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: GOD
description: Divine figure said to allow spoil and captives, reveal verses and hidden
knowledge, pass over punishment, order retaliation or atonement, and know all
things.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Abraham
description: Prophetic exemplar named as one who interceded for offenders.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Noah
description: Prophetic exemplar named as one who prayed for the extirpation of the
wicked antediluvians.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Moslems
description: Group who took prisoners at Bedr and later lost seventy men at Ohod.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Prisoners and captives
description: Seventy captives taken in battle, debated as subjects for ransom or
execution.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Believers who fled and fought
description: Those described in the closing verse as having believed, fled their
country, and fought with the community.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:15
name_or_label: Blood relations
description: Those said to be nearest of kin to each other according to the book
of God.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
label: prophet and recipient of revelation
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Mohammed is described as the prophet and as reporting verses and knowledge
revealed by God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:2
label: advocate of ransom and intercession
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Abu Becr advises release for ransom and is compared to Abraham's intercession
for offenders.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:3
label: advocate of execution and severity
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:7
basis: Omar and Saad Ebn Moadh are described as favoring putting the prisoners to
death.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: captive or ransomed prisoner
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:13
basis: Al Abbs, Okail, Nawfal, and the prisoners are involved in ransom after capture.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: arbiter of prisoner decision
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Mohammed asks counsel, rejects Omar's advice, and ransom is accepted.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: divine judge and revealer
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: God is said to allow ransom, reveal rebuke and hidden knowledge, order retaliation,
and know all things.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: role:7
label: exemplar of intercession
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Abraham is cited as an intercessor for offenders.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:8
label: exemplar of punitive destruction
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: Noah is cited as praying for the extirpation of the wicked antediluvians.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:9
label: combatant community under divine judgment
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: The Moslems take prisoners and later lose seventy men in a divinely ordered
retaliation or atonement.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: role:10
label: migrant and fighting believers
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: The verse names those who believed, fled their country, and fought with the
community.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:11
label: nearest kin by consanguinity
assigned_to:
- fig:15
basis: The verse says blood relations are nearest of kin according to the book of
God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: ransom
literal_form: Payment accepted for release of captives and paid by Al Abbs for himself
and nephews.
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
- id: sym:2
label: seventy
literal_form: The number of prisoners taken at Bedr and the number of Moslems lost
at Ohod.
associated_figures:
- fig:12
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: hidden gold
literal_form: Gold delivered by Al Abbs to Omm al Fadl at midnight, later disclosed
by Mohammed as revealed by God.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: well Zemzem
literal_form: The well Zemzem, whose custody Al Abbs later holds.
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: book of God
literal_form: The authority according to which blood relations are nearest of kin.
associated_figures:
- fig:9
- fig:14
- fig:15
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:6
label: prophet's tent
literal_form: Tent where Omar finds Mohammed and Abu Becr weeping after revelation
of the rebuke.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Counsel over prisoners at Bedr
summary: After seventy prisoners are taken, Mohammed asks what should be done; Abu
Becr advises ransom and Omar advises execution.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:12
- fig:13
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Prophetic comparison and acceptance of ransom
summary: Mohammed compares Abu Becr to Abraham and Omar to Noah, then ransom is
accepted from the captives.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:13
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Rebuke, weeping, and threatened divine vengeance
summary: Omar finds Mohammed and Abu Becr weeping in the prophet's tent after a
revealed verse condemns leniency toward the prisoners and warning of divine vengeance.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:7
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Seventy losses at Ohod as retaliation or atonement
summary: The Moslems' loss of seventy men at Ohod is described as matching the number
of prisoners taken at Bedr and as ordered by God.
figure_refs:
- fig:9
- fig:12
- fig:13
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:5
label: Al Abbs, hidden gold, and profession of Islam
summary: Al Abbs complains about ransom; Mohammed discloses the gold left at midnight
with Omm al Fadl and says God revealed it, after which Al Abbs professes Islam.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:6
label: Fulfillment in wealth and custody of Zemzem
summary: Al Abbs later reflects that the passage is fulfilled because he has wealth
and custody of the well Zemzem.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:7
label: Rule on believing migrants, fighters, and kinship
summary: The closing verse includes later believers who fled and fought, and gives
priority to blood relations as nearest kin according to the book of God.
figure_refs:
- fig:9
- fig:14
- fig:15
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine judgment through rebuke and proportional retaliation
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage describes a revealed rebuke, threatened divine vengeance, and
a later loss of seventy men as retaliation or atonement for the handling of seventy
prisoners.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: This extraction follows Sale's note within the passage and does not assess
historical causation.
- id: motif:2
label: Ransom as sacred exchange under divine permission
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: The ransom for captives is debated, accepted, and later framed through divine
permission, rebuke, and promised retribution for ransom paid.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage treats ransom as legally and religiously charged, but the
taxonomy link is interpretive rather than explicitly named.
- id: motif:3
label: Revealed hidden knowledge prompting conversion
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: Mohammed discloses the secret gold left with Omm al Fadl and attributes the
knowledge to God; Al Abbs then professes Islam.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage presents this as revelation of hidden information; classing
it under wisdom is a broad motif-family assignment.
- id: motif:4
label: Kinship and community obligation reordered by divine rule
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The passage describes believers who fled and fought as belonging to the community
and blood relations as nearest kin according to the book of God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: low
cautions: The covenant taxonomy is only loosely supported; the passage is primarily
a legal statement on communal belonging and kinship.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage explicitly compares Abu Becr's stance toward the prisoners to
Abraham's intercession for offenders.
claim_level: same_function
target: Abraham as intercessory prophetic exemplar
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The comparison is rhetorical and functional within the passage; it
does not establish broader historical or textual dependence.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage explicitly compares Omar's punitive stance toward the prisoners
to Noah's prayer for the extirpation of the wicked antediluvians.
claim_level: same_function
target: Noah as punitive prophetic exemplar
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The comparison is explicit in the passage but limited to a moral analogy
between figures.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: 17673-17684
quote_or_summary: The note says seventy prisoners were taken, including Al Abbs
and Okail; Mohammed asks advice; Abu Becr favors ransom and Omar favors execution.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: 17684-17690
quote_or_summary: Mohammed says Abu Becr resembles Abraham in interceding for offenders
and Omar resembles Noah regarding extirpation of the wicked; ransom is accepted
from the captives.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 17690-17698
quote_or_summary: Omar finds Mohammed and Abu Becr weeping after a revealed verse
condemns leniency; they narrowly escape divine vengeance; later seventy Moslems
die at Ohod as retaliation or atonement for the prisoners at Bedr.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 17699-17716
quote_or_summary: The passage discusses ransom use and says Al Abbs had to ransom
himself and two nephews; Mohammed reveals knowledge of gold left with Omm al Fadl
at midnight, and Al Abbs professes Islam.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 17716-17719
quote_or_summary: Al Abbs later says the passage was fulfilled because he has great
wealth and custody of the well Zemzem.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 17721-17733
quote_or_summary: The closing verse says later believers who fled and fought are
of the community, and that blood relations are nearest of kin according to the
book of God; God knows all things.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: high
notes: Literal extraction is well supported by the supplied passage. Motif-family
assignments are cautious and should be checked by a human reviewer, especially
covenant and wisdom classifications.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
All claims are limited to the provided passage and source metadata; no external traditions or taxonomy IDs beyond the supplied lists were added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l17673-l17733
passage_sha256=1dab554b5ad62ebbccdbe3a988c9ffb19d314873cec3fe1d148f72332a53389a