Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17338-l17403

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17338-l17403

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17338-l17403
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER VII / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VIII. / IN
    THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 17338-17403
  start: '17338'
  end: '17403'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: GOD laid a plot against them; and GOD is the best layer of plots.
  summary: The passage includes explanatory notes and Qur'anic text describing demands
    for a resurrected witness, a case of treacherous advice followed by penance, hostile
    plotting against Mohammed, rejection of divine signs as ancient fables, a challenge
    for heavenly punishment, deferred punishment, obstruction of access to the holy
    temple, improper ritual at the house of God, expenditure of wealth against God's
    way, the gathering of unbelievers into hell, separation of wicked from good, forgiveness
    if opponents desist, and fighting until opposition in favor of idolatry ceases.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A note reports that some infidels demanded that Mohammed raise Kosai, an ancestor,
    to life so that he could testify to Mohammed's mission.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A note says Abu Lobba gave advice contrary to his commission by drawing his
    hand across his throat, then tied himself to a mosque pillar for seven days without
    meat or drink until Mohammed forgave him.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The unbelievers plotted to detain Mohammed in bonds, kill him, or expel him
    from the city.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage says God laid a plot against the unbelievers' plot.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: When signs were repeated to the unbelievers, they said they could produce
    something similar and called it fables of the ancients.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The unbelievers asked God to rain stones from heaven or inflict another grievous
    punishment if the message were truth from God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage says God was not disposed to punish them while Mohammed was with
    them or while they asked pardon.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage says the unbelievers hindered believers from visiting the holy
    temple, although they were not its guardians.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage identifies the guardians of the holy temple as those who fear
    God.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The prayer of the unbelievers at the house of God is described as whistling
    and clapping of hands.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: The passage says unbelievers spend wealth to obstruct the way of God, but
    that it will become regret and they will be overcome.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: The unbelievers are said to be gathered into hell, and the wicked are distinguished
    from the good, heaped together, and cast into hell.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:13
  text: The passage says that if unbelievers desist, the past will be forgiven; if
    they return to attack, the punishment of former opposers of prophets will be inflicted
    on them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:14
  text: The passage commands fighting until there is no opposition in favor of idolatry
    and religion is wholly God's.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: The prophet addressed as the target of plots and as the one whose presence
    is linked with deferred punishment; also mentioned in notes as the one asked to
    raise Kosai and as forgiving Abu Lobba.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Unbelievers / infidels
  description: Opponents who demand proof, plot against Mohammed, reject signs, request
    punishment, hinder access to the holy temple, perform whistling and clapping at
    the house of God, spend wealth against God's way, and are threatened with hell.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: God
  description: Divine actor who counters the plot, withholds or inflicts punishment,
    distinguishes wicked from good, casts the wicked into hell, forgives past opposition
    if opponents desist, and is the one to whom religion belongs.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Kosai
  description: An ancestor of Mohammed whom some infidels allegedly asked Mohammed
    to raise to life as a witness.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Abu Lobba
  description: A figure in a note who was sent to the tribe of Koreidha, acted contrary
    to his commission, signaled death by drawing his hand across his throat, then
    performed penance until forgiven.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Tribe of Koreidha
  description: A tribe in the note described as besieged and as having broken their
    league and gone over to enemies at the war of the ditch.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Believers
  description: Those hindered by unbelievers from visiting the holy temple.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Former opposers of the prophets
  description: Earlier opponents whose exemplary punishment is cited as a precedent
    for future punishment if the present unbelievers return to attack.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Prophetic target of hostile plot
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The unbelievers plotted to bind, kill, or expel Mohammed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: Opponents of the prophet and of God's way
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They plot, reject signs, hinder the holy temple, expend wealth to obstruct
    God's way, and are warned to desist.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:3
  label: Divine judge and counter-plotter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: God lays a plot against the plotters, withholds or threatens punishment,
    distinguishes wicked from good, and casts the wicked into hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: Requested resurrected witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Kosai is named as an ancestor whom opponents wanted raised to life to testify.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: Forgiver of penitent wrongdoing in note
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The note says Mohammed forgave Abu Lobba after his penance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: Recipients of threatened punishment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They are told to taste punishment, are to be gathered into hell, and are
    warned by the precedent of former punished opposers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:7
  label: Treacherous messenger and penitent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Abu Lobba acted contrary to his commission, recognized his crime, and performed
    penance until forgiven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: League-breakers in explanatory note
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The tribe is described as having broken their league and gone over to enemies.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: Hindered temple visitors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Believers were hindered from visiting the holy temple.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: Punished precedent group
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Their exemplary punishment is cited as already past and as a pattern for
    future punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Raised ancestor as proof
  literal_form: An ancestor raised to life to bear witness
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Throat-cutting gesture
  literal_form: Abu Lobba drew his hand across his throat
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: Mosque pillar penance
  literal_form: A mosque pillar to which Abu Lobba tied himself for seven days without
    meat or drink
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: Hostile plot and divine counterplot
  literal_form: A plot to bind, kill, or expel Mohammed, answered by God's plot
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: Stones from heaven
  literal_form: Stones rained down from heaven as requested punishment
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: Holy temple / house of God
  literal_form: The holy temple and house of God visited by believers and misused
    by unbelievers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: Whistling and clapping prayer
  literal_form: Whistling and clapping of the hands at the house of God
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:8
  label: Hell gathering
  literal_form: Unbelievers and the wicked gathered, heaped, and cast into hell
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:9
  label: Wealth spent against God's way
  literal_form: Wealth expended to obstruct the way of God, later becoming regret
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Demand for a resurrected ancestral witness
  summary: A note reports that some opponents demanded that Mohammed raise the ancestor
    Kosai to life to testify to his mission, but the note says such a sign would have
    been in vain.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Abu Lobba's treachery and penance
  summary: In an explanatory note, Abu Lobba gives a death-signaling gesture to the
    tribe of Koreidha against his commission, recognizes his wrongdoing, ties himself
    to a mosque pillar for seven days without food or drink, and is forgiven by Mohammed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Plot against Mohammed and divine counterplot
  summary: The unbelievers plot to bind, kill, or expel Mohammed, while God is said
    to lay a plot against them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Rejected signs and requested punishment
  summary: The unbelievers dismiss the repeated signs as ancient fables and challenge
    God to rain stones from heaven or send another grievous punishment if the message
    is true.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Deferred punishment and contested temple guardianship
  summary: God is described as not disposed to punish while Mohammed is present or
    while pardon is asked; the unbelievers are faulted for obstructing believers from
    the holy temple despite not being its guardians.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Improper prayer at the house of God
  summary: The unbelievers' prayer at the house of God is characterized as whistling
    and clapping, and punishment is announced for unbelief.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Wealth, defeat, separation, and hell
  summary: Unbelievers spend wealth to obstruct God's way; this becomes regret, they
    are overcome, and the wicked are separated from the good, heaped together, and
    cast into hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:8
  label: Warning, forgiveness, and renewed conflict
  summary: The unbelievers are told that desisting will bring forgiveness for what
    is past, but renewed attack will bring the precedent punishment of former opponents
    of prophets; fighting is commanded until idolatrous opposition ends.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Resurrection demanded as proof of prophetic truth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: The note says opponents asked Mohammed to raise the ancestor Kosai to life
    as a witness to his mission.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This motif appears in an explanatory note rather than in the main translated
    verse within the line range.
- id: motif:2
  label: Treachery followed by public penance and forgiveness
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The note links broken league and contrary advice with Abu Lobba's self-binding,
    fasting, and eventual forgiveness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The covenant reference is limited to the note's language of a broken league
    and treacherous dealing.
- id: motif:3
  label: Divine counterplot against hostile plotters
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The unbelievers plot to bind, kill, or expel Mohammed, and God is said to
    plot against them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names this motif.
- id: motif:4
  label: Heavenly punitive sign challenged by opponents
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Opponents ask God to rain stones from heaven or inflict grievous punishment
    if the message is true.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the request as opponents' speech, not as an enacted
    event in this passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: Deferred divine punishment because of prophetic presence or repentance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: God is said not to punish while Mohammed is among them or while they ask
    pardon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage describes delay or restraint, not the actual infliction of
    punishment at that moment.
- id: motif:6
  label: Sacred precinct access and rightful guardianship
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage states that unbelievers hinder believers from visiting the holy
    temple and denies that they are its guardians, assigning guardianship to those
    who fear God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family precisely covers sanctuary guardianship.
- id: motif:7
  label: Ritual derision or defective worship at a holy house
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Prayer at the house of God is described as no more than whistling and hand-clapping,
    followed by punishment for unbelief.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage condemns the action but does not elaborate a larger ritual
    narrative.
- id: motif:8
  label: Final separation of wicked from good and casting into hell
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: God distinguishes the wicked from the good, heaps the wicked together, and
    casts them into hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage states the judgment outcome directly; symbolic elaboration
    is limited.
- id: motif:9
  label: Former punished opponents as precedent for present warning
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The text warns that if opponents return to attack, the exemplary punishment
    of former opposers of the prophets will be inflicted on them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The earlier cases are not named within this passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly frames present opponents in relation to an earlier
    pattern of opposers of prophets who received exemplary punishment.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Former opposers of the prophets as a precedent for divine punishment
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage does not identify the earlier prophets or narrate the former
    punishments, so the comparison is limited to the stated functional precedent.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17338-17343
  quote_or_summary: A note says some infidels demanded that Mohammed raise Kosai,
    one of his ancestors, to life as a witness to the truth of his mission, but that
    this would have been in vain.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17356-17369
  quote_or_summary: A note recounts Abu Lobba's treacherous advice to the tribe of
    Koreidha, his throat-cutting gesture, his recognition of guilt, his self-binding
    to a mosque pillar for seven days without meat or drink, and Mohammed's forgiveness.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 17375-17377
  quote_or_summary: The unbelievers plotted to detain Mohammed, kill him, or expel
    him; “GOD laid a plot against them.”
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief quotation.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17378-17380
  quote_or_summary: When signs are repeated, the unbelievers say they have heard,
    claim they could produce a similar composition, and call it fables of the ancients.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 17381-17383
  quote_or_summary: The unbelievers ask God, if this is truth from him, to “rain down
    stones upon us from heaven” or inflict another grievous punishment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief quotation.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17384-17389
  quote_or_summary: God is not disposed to punish while Mohammed is with them or while
    they ask pardon; the unbelievers are faulted for hindering believers from the
    holy temple though they are not its guardians, whose guardians are only those
    who fear God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: lines 17390-17392
  quote_or_summary: Their prayer at the house of God is described as “whistling and
    clapping of the hands,” followed by the command to taste punishment for unbelief.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief quotation.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17393-17399
  quote_or_summary: Unbelievers spend wealth to obstruct God's way, later regret it
    and are overcome; they are gathered into hell, and God distinguishes wicked from
    good, heaps the wicked together, and casts them into hell.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 17400-17403
  quote_or_summary: Unbelievers are told that desisting will bring forgiveness for
    the past; renewed attack will bring the exemplary punishment of former opposers
    of prophets; fighting is commanded until no opposition in favor of idolatry remains
    and religion is wholly God's.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Main narrative elements are explicit in the supplied passage. Some motif
    assignments are less certain where they rely on explanatory notes or where no
    supplied taxonomy category exactly matches the passage element.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Extraction uses only the provided passage text and metadata. Taxonomy references are limited to supplied motif families where directly supportable.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l17338-l17403
  passage_sha256=a11a9533c933682f8b602be30d439e70666748cb5297c363db0d72495a896186