batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17237-l17336
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l17237-l17336
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER VII / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VIII. / IN
THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 17237-17336
start: '17237'
end: '17336'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage recounts divine assistance to believers at Bedr: angels are
promised, sleep and rain are sent for security and purification, angels are commanded
to strengthen believers, unbelievers are threatened with punishment, believers
are warned not to retreat, and the killing and casting of gravel are attributed
to God. It then exhorts believers to obey God and his apostle, avoid sedition
and betrayal, remember refuge and aid when weak, and regard wealth and children
as a temptation while fearing God for forgiveness and reward.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The believers ask their Lord for assistance, and the answer promises a thousand
angels following one another in order.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The promised angelic assistance is described as good tidings intended to make
the believers' hearts secure, while victory is said to be from God alone.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Sleep falls on the believers as security, and water is sent down from heaven
to purify them, remove the abomination of Satan, confirm their hearts, and establish
their feet.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: A note explains the army's position as dry deep sand, enemy control of water,
disturbing dreams, and night rain that formed a brook and made the sand firm.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: The Lord tells the angels he is with them and commands them to confirm the
believers.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: The Lord says he will cast dread into the hearts of unbelievers and commands
blows against their heads and fingers.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: Unbelievers who resist God and his apostle are threatened with severe punishment
and hell fire.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: Believers are commanded not to turn their backs when meeting unbelievers in
great numbers, except in tactical movement or to join another faithful party.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: Those slain at Bedr are said to have been slain by God rather than by the
believers themselves.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: Mohammed's casting of gravel into the enemies' eyes is attributed to God rather
than to Mohammed himself.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:11
text: Believers are told to obey God and his apostle, to answer when invited to
what gives life, and to remember that they will be assembled before God.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:12
text: Believers are reminded that they were few and weak, feared being snatched
away, and were given refuge, strength, assistance, and good things.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:13
text: Believers are warned not to deceive God and his apostle or violate their faith,
and are told that wealth and children are a temptation.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:14
text: Believers who fear God are promised distinction, expiation of sins, forgiveness,
and divine liberality.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God / LORD
description: The divine figure who answers requests, sends angels, sleep, and water,
commands angels, grants victory, punishes, forgives, and gives reward.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:11
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: True believers
description: The addressed faithful community assisted at Bedr and commanded to
obey, not retreat, avoid betrayal, remember refuge, and fear God.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Angels
description: A thousand angels are promised as ordered assistance, and angels are
addressed by the Lord to confirm the believers.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Unbelievers / infidels
description: Opponents of the believers who resist God and his apostle, experience
dread, are fought at Bedr, and are threatened with punishment and hell fire.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Mohammed / apostle
description: God's apostle, whose assistance is invoked in the note and whose apparent
casting of gravel is attributed to God.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:12
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Satan / devil
description: The source of an abomination removed by heavenly water; in the note,
devilish suggestions arise through dreams and cease after the rain.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
label: divine assister
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God answers the believers' request and promises angelic support, sleep, water,
and victory.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:2
label: divine judge and punisher
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God is described as severe in punishment, assigning hell fire to infidels
and indignation to unlawful retreat.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:3
label: forgiver and reward-giver
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God promises distinction, expiation, forgiveness, and great liberality to
those who fear him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:4
label: aided faithful community
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The believers receive angelic aid, sleep, water, refuge, strengthening, and
good things.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:9
- id: role:5
label: admonished covenant community
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The believers are commanded to obey God and his apostle, not turn back, avoid
deceit, and not violate their faith.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: role:6
label: heavenly reinforcements
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The angels are promised as assistance and told to confirm the believers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: role:7
label: opposing enemy
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The unbelievers march against the believers, resist God and his apostle,
and are targets of dread and punishment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:8
label: apostle associated with divine action
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The apostle is to be obeyed, and the gravel he seemed to cast is said to
have been cast by God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:9
label: tempter or source of defilement
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: The water removes the abomination of Satan, and the note attributes discouraging
dreams and suggestions to the devil.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: water from heaven
literal_form: Water sent down from heaven; in the note, night rain forming a small
brook.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: sym:2
label: ordered thousand angels
literal_form: A thousand angels following one another in order.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:3
label: sleep as security
literal_form: Sleep falling on the believers as security from God.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:4
label: hell fire
literal_form: Torment of hell fire for infidels.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: gravel cast into eyes
literal_form: Gravel apparently cast by Mohammed into the enemies' eyes, but attributed
to God.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:6
label: place of refuge
literal_form: A refuge provided when the believers were few, weak, and afraid of
being snatched away.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:7
label: wealth and children as temptation
literal_form: Wealth and children named as a temptation to believers.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Request for divine battle assistance
summary: The believers ask the Lord for assistance and receive the promise of a
thousand ordered angels, described as good tidings and reassurance.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Sleep and rain before battle
summary: God sends sleep for security and heavenly water for purification, removal
of Satan's abomination, strengthened hearts, and firm footing; the note elaborates
that rain supplies water and hardens the sand.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Angelic confirmation and dread among enemies
summary: The Lord addresses the angels, declares his presence with them, commands
confirmation of believers, and announces dread in unbelievers' hearts with commands
of violent attack.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Warning against retreat and punishment
summary: Believers are ordered not to flee from unbelievers in battle except for
tactical reasons, and unlawful flight is associated with divine indignation and
hell.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:5
label: Divine agency at Bedr
summary: The deaths at Bedr and the casting of gravel into enemies' eyes are attributed
to God rather than to the believers or Mohammed, as a trial for the faithful and
a weakening of unbelievers' devices.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: scene:6
label: Admonition and communal memory
summary: Believers are urged to obey God and his apostle, answer the life-giving
invitation, beware sedition, remember former weakness and refuge, avoid betrayal,
recognize wealth and children as temptation, and fear God for forgiveness and
reward.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine intervention in battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage attributes victory, angelic reinforcements, dread among enemies,
and the killing at Bedr to God's action.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: This is a passage-level pattern label; no exact supplied taxonomy family
directly names battle intervention.
- id: motif:2
label: heavenly water as purification and strengthening
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Water from heaven purifies the believers, removes Satan's abomination, confirms
hearts, establishes feet, supplies water, and firms the sand.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: Although water is an available symbol, the passage does not present a
flood or full renewal myth.
- id: motif:3
label: divine judgment on opponents
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Those who resist God and his apostle are threatened with severe punishment
and hell fire; unlawful retreat also brings divine indignation.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The motif is framed within exhortation and battle instruction rather than
a separate judgment scene.
- id: motif:4
label: faithful obedience and violation of faith
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: Believers are told to obey God and his apostle, not turn back, not deceive
them, and not violate their faith.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The term covenant is not used in this passage; the label is inferred from
commands concerning faithfulness and violation of faith.
- id: motif:5
label: trial through material attachments
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Wealth and children are explicitly called a temptation, contrasted with the
great reward with God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage states a moral warning but does not narrate an extended temptation
episode.
- id: motif:6
label: refuge for a weak remnant
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The believers are reminded that when few and weak and afraid of being snatched
away, God provided refuge and strengthened them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage does not identify a paired survivor or migration story in
detail within this excerpt.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage supports a cautious classification with the broader pattern of
divine judgment, because resistance to God and his apostle is answered by severe
punishment and hell fire.
claim_level: same_motif
target: divine_judgment
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This claim is limited to the supplied taxonomy family and does not
assert historical contact with other traditions.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage supports a cautious functional comparison to a covenant-faithfulness
pattern, because believers are commanded to obey and warned not to deceive or
violate faith.
claim_level: same_function
target: covenant
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage uses obedience and faith-violation language but does not
explicitly use the word covenant in this translation.
- id: claim:3
claim: 'The water episode is visually and functionally comparable to a purification-and-strengthening
water pattern: heavenly water cleanses, removes satanic defilement, supplies the
community, and stabilizes the ground.'
claim_level: same_function
target: water as purifying aid
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is a symbol/function comparison only; the passage does not support
identifying it with flood-and-renewal or with a specific external myth.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 17237-17242
quote_or_summary: The believers ask the Lord for assistance; he answers with a promise
of a thousand angels in order, as good tidings and security, while victory is
from God alone.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 17243-17247
quote_or_summary: Sleep falls as security; God sends water from heaven to purify
the believers, remove Satan's abomination, confirm hearts, and establish feet.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: note z within lines 17278-17291
quote_or_summary: The note says the army lay in dry deep sand without water, experienced
devilish dream-suggestions, and then night rain formed a brook, supplied water,
and made the sand firm.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 17248-17253
quote_or_summary: The Lord tells the angels he is with them, commands them to confirm
believers, says he will cast dread into unbelievers' hearts, and commands strikes
against heads and fingers.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 17254-17258
quote_or_summary: Those resisting God and his apostle are assigned severe punishment;
infidels are told they will suffer the torment of hell fire.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 17259-17265 and note b
quote_or_summary: Believers are warned not to turn their backs before numerous unbelievers
except for tactical movement or joining another faithful party; unlawful retreat
brings divine indignation and hell.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 17266-17273
quote_or_summary: At Bedr, the slain are said to have been slain by God, and Mohammed's
apparent casting of gravel into enemies' eyes is said to have been God's act,
as a gracious trial and a weakening of unbelievers' devices.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 17310-17322
quote_or_summary: Believers are told to obey God and his apostle, not be like those
who say they hear but do not, and to answer the life-giving invitation; all will
be assembled before God.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 17325-17328
quote_or_summary: Believers are reminded that when they were few, weak, and afraid
of being snatched away, God gave refuge, strengthened them, assisted them, and
bestowed good things.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 17329-17333
quote_or_summary: Believers are warned not to deceive God and his apostle or violate
their faith; wealth and children are called a temptation, and a great reward is
with God.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 17334-17336
quote_or_summary: If believers fear God, he will grant distinction, expiate sins,
forgive them, and show great liberality.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: note u within lines 17275-17278
quote_or_summary: The note reports Mohammed's men recommending themselves to God's
protection and Mohammed praying earnestly for fulfillment of God's promise.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage is explicit. Motif labels
are cautious and limited to the supplied excerpt and taxonomy list; some labels
are functional rather than named directly in the text.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage text, metadata, and available taxonomy references. No historical-contact claims are made.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l17237-l17336
passage_sha256=e9b50cfc4066010b4bfe7e7b7da268cea643a4933aa415f669e2dd842bd064fc