Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l16855-l16924

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l16855-l16924

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l16855-l16924
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER VI. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VII / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 16855-16924
  start: '16855'
  end: '16924'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage includes Sale's notes on earlier Qur'anic material, including
    a water-from-stone tradition and a Sabbath-transgression story, followed by verses
    describing offenders transformed into apes, Jewish dispersion and testing, covenantal
    obligations concerning the book of the law, the mountain of Sinai raised over
    the people as they receive the law, a primordial witness by Adam's descendants
    to God's lordship, and an unnamed person who abandons divine signs and is followed
    by Satan.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A note reports a tradition in which a stone associated with Adam, Shoaib,
    and Moses produced water through twelve orifices and rivulets for the tribes in
    the camp.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A note identifies the city in the Sabbath story as Ailah or Elath, while also
    reporting alternate identifications as Midian or Tiberias.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:3
  text: Religious persons who observed the Sabbath are described in a note as attempting
    to reclaim offenders until they despaired of success.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:4
  text: Those who proudly refused to desist from what had been forbidden were told
    to become apes driven away from human society.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The Lord declares that some nation would be sent against the Jews until the
    day of resurrection to afflict them with grievous oppression.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: The Jews are described as dispersed among the nations, with some upright and
    some otherwise.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The dispersed people are tested with prosperity and adversity so that they
    might return from disobedience.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: A later posterity inherits the book of the law, receives temporal goods, and
    says forgiveness will surely be granted.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: The covenant of the book of the law is described as requiring that they not
    speak anything about God except the truth.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:10
  text: Those who hold fast the book of the law and remain constant in prayer are
    promised that their reward will not perish.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:11
  text: The mountain of Sinai is shaken over the people like a covering, and they
    imagine it falling upon them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: The people are told to receive the law with reverence and remember what it
    contains.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:13
  text: The Lord draws forth the posterity of the sons of Adam from their loins and
    asks them to witness that he is their Lord.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:14
  text: The descendants answer that they bear witness, so that they cannot later claim
    negligence at the day of resurrection.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:15
  text: The passage also rejects the excuse that later descendants should not be destroyed
    for ancestral idolatry committed by vain men.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:16
  text: An unnamed person is said to have received divine signs, departed from them,
    and then been followed by Satan, becoming one of the seduced.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: The Lord / God
  description: Divine speaker who punishes, forgives, tests, gives law, raises Sinai
    over the people, and takes witness from Adam's descendants.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: The Jews / law-inheriting community
  description: Community described as dispersed among nations, partly upright and
    partly otherwise, inheriting the book of the law and receiving covenantal instruction.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Sabbath offenders
  description: Those who refused to desist from forbidden conduct and were transformed
    into apes driven away from human society.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Religious Sabbath observers
  description: Persons described in a note as strictly observing the Sabbath and trying
    to reclaim the offenders.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Posterity of the sons of Adam
  description: Descendants drawn from the loins of the sons of Adam and made to witness
    to God's lordship.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Unnamed recipient of signs
  description: A person to whom signs were brought, who departed from them and became
    seduced.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Satan
  description: Figure who follows the unnamed recipient of signs, after which that
    person becomes one of the seduced.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Adam
  description: Named in a note as associated with a stone thrown down from paradise.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Shoaib
  description: Named in a note as possessing the stone and giving it with the rod
    to Moses.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Moses
  description: Named in a note as receiving the stone and rod from Shoaib.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine judge and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God commands punitive transformation and declares oppression until resurrection,
    while also being described as punishing, forgiving, and merciful.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: giver and enforcer of law
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God commands the people to receive and remember the law and invokes covenantal
    truthfulness about God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: forbidden-action transgressors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They refuse to desist from what was forbidden and are transformed into apes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: dispersed law-inheriting community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They are dispersed among nations, inherit the book of the law, and are tested
    with prosperity and adversity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: witnesses to divine lordship
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Adam's descendants are drawn forth and answer that they bear witness that
    God is their Lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: admonishing Sabbath observers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The note describes them as observing the Sabbath and trying to reclaim the
    offenders.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: seduced abandoner of signs
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The unnamed figure receives signs, departs from them, and becomes one of
    the seduced.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: satanic pursuer or seducer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Satan follows the one who departed from the signs, after which he is seduced.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: figures in water-from-stone transmission note
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  basis: The note links Adam, Shoaib, and Moses with the stone and rod in the water
    miracle tradition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: apes
  literal_form: transformed apes driven away from human society
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: mountain of Sinai
  literal_form: mountain shaken over the people as though it were a covering
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: book of the law
  literal_form: inherited book of the law and its covenantal obligation to speak truth
    about God
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: primordial witness
  literal_form: posterity drawn from the loins of the sons of Adam and asked to witness
    God's lordship
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: prosperity and adversity
  literal_form: contrasting conditions used as tests
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:6
  label: water from stone
  literal_form: water issuing from a stone through twelve orifices and rivulets
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:7
  label: day of resurrection
  literal_form: future day invoked in relation to oppression and accountability
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  - divine_judgment
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: divine signs
  literal_form: signs given to an unnamed person and then abandoned by him
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Water-from-stone commentary tradition
  summary: A note describes a stone from paradise associated with Adam, Shoaib, and
    Moses, from which water issues in twelve streams for the tribes.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Sabbath transgression and punitive transformation
  summary: Those who refuse to desist from forbidden conduct are commanded to become
    apes driven away from human society.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: scene:3
  label: Dispersion, testing, and law-covenant accountability
  summary: The Jews are dispersed among nations, tested with prosperity and adversity,
    and described in relation to the inherited book of the law and its covenant.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Sinai raised over the law-receiving people
  summary: The mountain of Sinai is shaken over the people like a covering, and they
    are told to receive the law reverently and remember it.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Adam's descendants bear witness
  summary: The Lord draws forth the posterity of the sons of Adam and has them testify
    to his lordship, preventing later claims of ignorance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Departure from signs and satanic following
  summary: An unnamed person who received signs departs from them; Satan follows him,
    and he becomes one of the seduced.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Punitive transformation into animals
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Transgressors who refuse forbidden conduct are transformed into apes and
    expelled from human society.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The transformation is punitive and involuntary; the available taxonomy
    term 'shapeshifter' is broader than the specific passage pattern.
- id: motif:2
  label: Covenant of law under a raised mountain
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The people receive the law with Sinai shaken over them like a covering, and
    the passage emphasizes covenantal obligations of the book of the law.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is extracted from the law-reception scene and covenant language
    within this translation.
- id: motif:3
  label: Primordial testimony to divine lordship
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  - divine_judgment
  - resurrection
  basis: Adam's descendants are drawn forth to testify that God is their Lord, preventing
    claims of ignorance at resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the event as accountability rather than narrating an
    extended afterlife journey.
- id: motif:4
  label: Testing by prosperity and adversity
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The dispersed community is tested by prosperity and adversity so that they
    may return from disobedience.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents the test briefly and does not provide an extended
    trial narrative.
- id: motif:5
  label: Miraculous water from stone for twelve tribes
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: A note reports water issuing from a stone in twelve streams, each running
    to a tribe's quarter in the camp.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This motif appears in Sale's commentary note within the passage, not in
    the main verse segment reproduced here.
- id: motif:6
  label: Loss of signs and satanic seduction
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: An unnamed person receives signs, departs from them, and is followed by Satan,
    becoming seduced.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage begins the story but does not include the full narrative context
    in this line range.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The Sabbath-transgression episode is explicitly linked by the note to an
    earlier discussion in chapter 2, suggesting recurrence of the same narrative motif
    within the nearby Qur'anic corpus as presented by this edition.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Chapter 2 Sabbath-transgressor story referenced in Sale's notes
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:2
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The present passage only provides a note reference to chapter 2 and
    does not reproduce the full compared passage.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The water-from-stone tradition is explicitly linked by the note to chapter
    2, suggesting recurrence or elaboration of the same miracle motif within the edition's
    Qur'anic commentary apparatus.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Chapter 2 water-from-stone miracle referenced in Sale's notes
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison rests on the note's cross-reference and added commentary
    details, not on a side-by-side quotation of chapter 2.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 16855-16870
  quote_or_summary: Sale's notes mention a tradition in which a stone from paradise
    associated with Adam came into Shoaib's possession, was given with the rod to
    Moses, and produced twelve water outlets and rivulets for the tribes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary only.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 16889-16894
  quote_or_summary: Offenders who refused what was forbidden are commanded to become
    apes driven away; the Lord declares future oppression of the Jews until resurrection
    and is described as swift in punishment and merciful.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary only.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 16895-16906
  quote_or_summary: The Jews are dispersed among nations, tested with prosperity and
    adversity, and described as inheriting the book of the law; the passage invokes
    a covenant of truthfulness about God and promises reward to those who hold the
    law and pray.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary only.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 16907-16910
  quote_or_summary: Sinai is shaken over the people like a covering, they think it
    is falling, and they are told to receive and remember the law reverently.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary only.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 16911-16917
  quote_or_summary: The Lord draws forth the posterity of the sons of Adam and asks
    whether he is their Lord; they answer that they bear witness, so they cannot claim
    ignorance at resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary only.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 16918-16924
  quote_or_summary: The passage rejects excuses based on ancestral idolatry, says
    divine signs are explained, and begins the story of a man who received signs,
    departed from them, and was followed by Satan.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary only.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 16877-16888
  quote_or_summary: Sale's notes identify the city of the Sabbath story as Ailah or
    Elath, mention alternate identifications, and describe Sabbath-observing religious
    persons who tried to reclaim offenders.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary only.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied line range. Several motifs derive
    from commentary notes as well as translated verse text, and taxonomy mapping is
    cautious where available labels are broad.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external sources were used. Comparisons are limited to explicit cross-references within the supplied passage.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l16855-l16924
  passage_sha256=306f95158c83a8af48b01635afc3bbcbe536657b2b21320b79a91609b5ed10c6