Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l15289-l15383

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l15289-l15383

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l15289-l15383
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER V. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER VI. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 15289-15383
  start: '15289'
  end: '15383'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage addresses idolatry, refusal to believe signs, divine control
    over guidance, deceptive enemies of prophets, the Koran as a true revealed criterion,
    the unchangeability of God's words, the danger of following majority error, and
    rules about eating food over which God's name has been commemorated.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: God is said not to have appointed the addressed prophet as a keeper or guardian
    over idolaters.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The audience is told not to revile idols invoked besides God, lest their worshippers
    revile God without knowledge.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Every nation is described as returning to God, who will declare what they
    have done.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: Opponents swear that they would believe if a sign came, but the answer states
    that signs are in God's power alone.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Hearts and sight are described as being turned aside from truth, and the unbelievers
    are left to wander in error.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: 'A hypothetical series of signs is described: angels sent down, the dead speaking,
    and all things gathered before the opponents; even then belief would occur only
    if God pleased.'
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: 'Every prophet is described as having enemies: devils of men and of genii,
    who privately suggest specious discourses to deceive.'
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: God is presented as the judge, and the Koran is described as sent down to
    distinguish between good and evil.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The words of the Lord are described as perfect in truth and justice, with
    none able to change them.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Following the greater part of people on earth is said to lead aside from the
    path of God because they follow uncertain opinion and lies.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: The audience is commanded to eat of that over which God's name has been commemorated,
    with reference to declared prohibitions and necessity.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: Divine authority who controls signs, guidance, judgment, revelation,
    and permission to believe.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Addressed prophet
  description: The figure addressed as not appointed keeper or guardian over the idolaters
    and told to speak and not doubt.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Idolaters or unbelieving opponents
  description: Those associated with idolatry, demands for signs, unbelief, wandering
    in error, and possible reviling of God.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Idols invoked besides God
  description: Objects of invocation whose reviling is forbidden because it could
    provoke reviling of God.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Beings hypothetically sent down as a sign; the note says the Meccans
    demanded an angel descending from heaven.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: The dead
  description: Dead persons hypothetically made to speak; the note specifies dead
    fathers whom the Meccans wanted raised to discourse with them.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Every prophet
  description: Prophets are described as each having enemies appointed against them.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Devils of men and of genii
  description: Enemies who privately suggest specious discourse to deceive; a note
    glosses genii as rational invisible beings.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:10
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Those given the scripture
  description: People who know that the Koran is sent down from the Lord with truth.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine judge and revealer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is named as judge, sender of the book, controller of signs, and final
    recipient of return.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: addressed messenger without coercive guardianship
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage says the addressed figure is not appointed keeper or guardian
    over the idolaters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: unbelieving or idolatrous audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They are connected with idolatry, oaths to believe signs, and continued unbelief
    even under hypothetical signs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: false objects of invocation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The idols are invoked besides God and are not to be reviled by the believers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: hypothetical miraculous proof
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  basis: Angels sent down and the dead speaking are named as hypothetical signs that
    would still not compel belief without God's will.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: prophetic recipients of opposition
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Every prophet is said to have an enemy appointed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: deceptive adversaries
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The devils of men and genii suggest specious discourses to deceive.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: scriptural witnesses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Those given scripture are said to know that the book is sent down from the
    Lord with truth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: revealed book as criterion
  literal_form: the book of the Koran distinguishing between good and evil
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: signs in God's power
  literal_form: signs requested by oath and said to be in the power of God alone
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: turned hearts and sight
  literal_form: hearts and sight turned aside from truth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: path of God
  literal_form: the path of God from which people may be led aside
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: food with God's name commemorated
  literal_form: food over which the name of God has been commemorated
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: speaking dead as sign
  literal_form: the dead speaking to the unbelievers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Idolatry, restraint, and return to God
  summary: The addressed prophet is told that he is not guardian over idolaters; believers
    are warned not to revile idols; all nations will return to God for declaration
    of their deeds.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Demanded signs and continued unbelief
  summary: Opponents swear they would believe if a sign came, but signs belong to
    God; even angels, speaking dead, and all things gathered before them would not
    make them believe unless God willed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:3
  label: Enemies of prophets deceive by speech
  summary: Every prophet is said to have enemies, identified as devils of men and
    genii, who privately suggest deceptive discourses.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: God as judge and the Koran as true criterion
  summary: The passage rejects seeking another judge besides God and presents the
    Koran as a revealed book distinguishing good and evil, with God's words unchangeable.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Guidance, error, and lawful eating
  summary: The audience is warned that the majority can lead aside from God's path
    and is commanded to eat what has God's name commemorated over it, within the limits
    of declared prohibitions and necessity.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: return to divine judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage says every nation will return to God, who will declare what they
    have done; God also knows those who go astray and those rightly directed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes divine accounting rather than narrating a full
    judgment scene.
- id: motif:2
  label: rejected miracle signs
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Opponents demand signs, but the passage says even angels, speaking dead,
    and all things gathered before them would not produce belief unless God pleased.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The signs are hypothetical and polemical, not narrated as performed events.
- id: motif:3
  label: speaking or raised dead as proof
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: The passage mentions the dead speaking, and the note explains a demand to
    raise dead fathers so they could discourse with the opponents.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The dead are invoked as a demanded or hypothetical sign; the passage does
    not narrate an actual resurrection.
- id: motif:4
  label: revealed wisdom as moral criterion
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The Koran is described as sent down from the Lord with truth and as distinguishing
    between good and evil; the Lord's words are perfect in truth and justice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy link is based on the revealed book's function as a truth
    and moral criterion, not on a personified wisdom figure.
- id: motif:5
  label: deceptive adversaries of prophets
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Every prophet is said to have enemies, the devils of men and genii, who suggest
    specious discourses to deceive.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not narrate a specific encounter; it states a general
    pattern.
- id: motif:6
  label: consecrated food by divine name
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The audience is commanded to eat what has God's name commemorated over it,
    with divine prohibitions and necessity noted.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage concerns lawful eating; any link to sacrifice is not explicit
    enough here to assign a sacrifice taxonomy reference.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The translator's note explicitly compares the claim that even great miracles
    would not convince unbelievers with Luke xvi.31, suggesting a shared function
    in which testimony from the dead fails to overcome unbelief.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Luke xvi.31 / Abrahamic scriptural motif of the dead not convincing the
    unbelieving
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is supplied by the translator's note, not by the Quranic
    passage itself; it supports functional similarity rather than historical contact
    or common inheritance.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; paragraph beginning 'If GOD had so pleased' and following
    paragraph
  quote_or_summary: God could have prevented idolatry; the addressed prophet is not
    keeper or guardian over them; idols should not be reviled lest God be reviled;
    every nation returns to God, who declares their deeds.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; paragraphs on solemn oath for a sign and verse marker
    110
  quote_or_summary: Opponents swear they would believe if a sign came; signs are in
    God's power alone; their hearts and sight will be turned aside, and they will
    wander in error.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 15289-15383; paragraph beginning 'And though we had sent down angels'
  quote_or_summary: '"though we had sent down angels unto them, and the dead had spoken
    unto them ... they would not have believed, unless GOD had so pleased"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short quotation used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; paragraph beginning 'Thus have we appointed unto every
    prophet an enemy'
  quote_or_summary: 'Every prophet has an enemy: devils of men and genii privately
    suggest specious discourses to deceive.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; paragraphs beginning 'Shall I seek after any other judge'
    and 'The words of thy LORD'
  quote_or_summary: God is the judge; the Koran is sent down distinguishing good and
    evil; those given scripture know it is true; God's words are perfect and unchangeable.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; paragraphs beginning 'But if thou obey the greater part'
    and 'verily thy LORD'
  quote_or_summary: Following most people on earth leads aside from God's path because
    they follow uncertain opinion and lies; God knows who strays and who is rightly
    directed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; paragraphs beginning 'Eat of that whereon the name of
    GOD' and 'and why do ye not eat'
  quote_or_summary: The audience is told to eat of what has God's name commemorated
    over it; divine prohibitions have been declared, except in necessity; God knows
    transgressors.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; note r
  quote_or_summary: The translator explains that Mohammed answers demands for a miracle
    by saying God did not choose to comply and that even the greatest miracle would
    not convince those not convinced by the Koran; the note cross-references Luke
    xvi.31.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary of note used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; note t
  quote_or_summary: The note says the Meccans demanded an angel descending from heaven,
    dead fathers raised to discourse with them, or God and his angels appearing in
    a body.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary of note used.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15289-15383; note n
  quote_or_summary: The note glosses genii as rational invisible beings and says commentators
    variously understand the passage as referring to angels, devils, or intermediate
    genii.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; concise summary of note used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal extraction is strong for the supplied English passage and notes.
    Motif taxonomy assignment is cautious because several patterns are doctrinal statements
    or hypothetical examples rather than full narratives.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. No external taxonomy IDs beyond the provided motif-family list were introduced.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l15289-l15383
  passage_sha256=9375bffe747cbd51607aa8cf5623bd14770bbde0fe4d8f1a6be8f28ea2614e93