Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l14566-l14638

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l14566-l14638

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l14566-l14638
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER IV. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD / CHAPTER V. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 14566-14638
  start: '14566'
  end: '14638'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Jesus' followers ask for food from heaven as confirmation and witness.
    Jesus asks God to send down a table from heaven as a festival, sign, and provision.
    God promises the table but warns that later disbelief will receive severe punishment.
    A last-day exchange follows in which God questions Jesus about whether he told
    people to take Jesus and Mary as gods beside God; Jesus denies this and states
    that he only commanded worship of God. The truthful are promised gardens with
    rivers and eternal felicity. Sale's notes relate commentator traditions about
    the descending table, its foods, a revived fish, mass feeding and healing, the
    table's return to heaven, repeated descents, and punishment of some disbelievers.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The speakers say they want to eat from the requested provision so their hearts
    may rest, they may know Jesus has told the truth, and they may be witnesses.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Jesus son of Mary asks God to cause a table to descend from heaven as a festival
    for the first and last of them, a sign from God, and food provision.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: God says he will cause the table to descend, but warns that anyone who disbelieves
    afterward will receive an exceptional punishment.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: At the last day, God asks Jesus son of Mary whether he told people to take
    Jesus and his mother as two gods beside God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Jesus denies saying what he ought not, says God knows what is in him, and
    says he only commanded worship of God, his Lord and their Lord.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Jesus says he was a witness of their actions while he stayed among them, and
    that after God took him to himself, God was watcher over them.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: God says truthful people will benefit on that day and will have gardens with
    rivers, remaining there forever, with mutual divine and human pleasure.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage states that the kingdom of heaven, earth, and everything in them
    belongs to God, and that God is almighty.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: Sale's note reports a commentator tradition in which a red table descends
    between two clouds, is set before the followers, and Jesus performs ablution,
    prays, and uncovers it.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: Sale's note reports differing traditions about the foods on the table, including
    bread, fish, flesh, fruits of paradise, herbs, and five loaves with various accompaniments.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:11
  text: Sale's note reports that Jesus restores a fish to life and then returns it
    to its prior prepared state after bystanders are frightened.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:12
  text: Sale's note reports that 1,300 afflicted or poor people ate and were satisfied,
    the fish remained whole, participants were delivered from infirmities and misfortunes,
    and the table rose back into heaven.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:13
  text: Sale's note reports a further tradition that some men were changed into swine
    for disbelieving the miracle, attributing it to magic, or stealing victuals from
    the table.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:14
  text: Sale's note says some connect the descent with Sunday observance and suggests
    the story may be related to an imperfect notion of Christ's last supper and the
    Eucharist.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Jesus son of Mary
  description: The figure who asks God for the table, denies claiming divinity for
    himself or his mother, and says he commanded worship of God.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine speaker who promises the descending table, warns of punishment,
    questions Jesus at the last day, rewards the truthful, and possesses heaven and
    earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Jesus' followers / apostles
  description: The group who asks to eat from the heavenly provision and to be witnesses;
    Sale's note identifies them as followers or apostles.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Mary, mother of Jesus
  description: Named in God's question to Jesus as the mother whom people may have
    taken as a god beside God.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: truthful people
  description: Those whose veracity benefits them on the last day and who receive
    gardens with rivers.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: disbelievers after the sign
  description: Those warned of punishment after the table descends; Sale's note reports
    traditions of men changed into swine for disbelief, attributing the miracle to
    magic, or stealing food.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: supplicant for heavenly provision
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jesus asks God to send down the table from heaven and provide food.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: prophetic witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jesus says he was a witness of their actions while he stayed among them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: denier of unauthorized divinity claim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jesus denies telling people to take him and his mother as gods beside God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: divine provider
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: God promises to cause the table to descend, and Jesus addresses God as the
    best provider.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: God warns of punishment for disbelief and announces the reward of truthful
    people on the last day.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: knower and watcher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Jesus says God knows secrets, knows what is in him, and has been watcher
    over the people.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: seekers of confirming sign
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They ask to eat so their hearts may rest, they may know the truth, and they
    may be witnesses.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:8
  label: participants in heavenly meal tradition
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Sale's note says the followers or apostles requested the table and that many
    people ate from the provisions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:9
  label: mother named in divine-status question
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: God's question names Jesus' mother as one whom people may have taken as a
    god beside God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: eschatological rewarded truthful
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: God says truthful people will benefit and receive eternal gardens with rivers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:11
  label: warned or punished disbelievers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: God warns disbelievers after the sign of severe punishment; Sale's note reports
    punishment traditions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: descending table from heaven
  literal_form: a table sent down from heaven with food
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: sym:2
  label: festival day
  literal_form: the day of the table's descent becoming a festival
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:12
- id: sym:3
  label: gardens with rivers
  literal_form: gardens wherein rivers flow
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: clouds around the descending table
  literal_form: two clouds between which the red table descends, and clouds into which
    it is taken up
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: sym:5
  label: fish and loaves on the table
  literal_form: a prepared fish and five loaves, according to the most received tradition
    in Sale's note
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: sym:6
  label: swine transformation
  literal_form: men changed into swine in a punishment tradition
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Request for a confirming meal
  summary: The followers ask to eat from the provision so their hearts may rest, they
    may know Jesus told the truth, and they may be witnesses.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Prayer for the heavenly table
  summary: Jesus asks God to send down a table from heaven as a festival, a sign,
    and provision.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Divine promise and warning
  summary: God promises the table's descent and warns of severe punishment for anyone
    who disbelieves afterward.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Last-day questioning of Jesus
  summary: God questions Jesus about whether he told people to take Jesus and Mary
    as gods beside God; Jesus denies it and says he commanded only worship of God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Reward of truthful people
  summary: God declares that truthful people benefit on that day and receive eternal
    gardens with rivers and divine pleasure.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Commentator tradition of the table miracle
  summary: Sale's note relates traditions of a red table descending between clouds,
    foods including fish and loaves, a fish revived by Jesus, many people fed and
    healed, and the table returning to heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:7
  label: Punishment traditions after disbelief or theft
  summary: Sale's note reports traditions in which some men are changed into swine
    for disbelieving the miracle, attributing it to magic, or stealing from the table.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: heavenly food as divine sign and provision
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The followers ask for confirmation through eating; Jesus asks God for a table
    from heaven as sign, festival, and provision; God promises it with conditions
    of belief.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy label is approximate; the passage frames the event chiefly
    as sign, provision, and warning rather than an explicit exchange contract.
- id: motif:2
  label: divine judgment after revealed sign
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: God warns of exceptional punishment for disbelief after the table descends
    and later announces last-day benefit for the truthful.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The punishment for disbelief is stated directly; details of swine transformation
    appear only in Sale's reported traditions.
- id: motif:3
  label: eschatological interrogation of a prophetic figure
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: At the last day God questions Jesus about alleged claims of divinity for
    himself and Mary, and Jesus answers by denying it and affirming God's knowledge.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a passage-specific judgment scene; no wider comparison is inferred
    beyond the available taxonomy term.
- id: motif:4
  label: revivified food animal in miracle tradition
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  - death_rebirth
  basis: Sale's note reports that Jesus restores the prepared fish to life and then
    returns it to its former state.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This motif derives from Sale's commentary on later traditions, not from
    the main translated Qur'anic verses in the passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: ascent or return of sacred object to heaven
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: Sale's note reports that the table flew up to heaven and was taken up into
    the clouds after descending for meals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a reported commentator tradition attached to the passage, not
    a detail stated in the main verse text.
- id: motif:6
  label: transformation punishment for disbelief or theft
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Sale's note reports a tradition that men were changed into swine for disbelieving
    the miracle, attributing it to magic, or stealing food.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The transformation is reported as one of several traditions and is not
    part of the main translated verse text.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: Sale's note explicitly compares or connects the table story with Christian
    Sunday observance and suggests it may have arisen from an imperfect notion of
    Christ's Last Supper and the institution of the Eucharist.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Christian Last Supper and Eucharist tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: This is Sale's interpretive note, not a comparison made by the Qur'anic
    passage itself; the provided text does not supply independent historical evidence
    for origin or contact.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14566-14568
  quote_or_summary: The speakers desire to eat from it, have hearts at ease, know
    Jesus told the truth, and be witnesses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14569-14573
  quote_or_summary: Jesus son of Mary asks God to cause a table to descend from heaven,
    making its descent a festival, a sign, and provision.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14574-14577
  quote_or_summary: God promises to cause the table to descend and warns of severe
    punishment for anyone who disbelieves afterward.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14578-14583
  quote_or_summary: At the last day God asks Jesus whether he told people to take
    him and his mother as gods beside God; Jesus denies saying what he ought not and
    affirms God's knowledge of secrets.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14584-14589
  quote_or_summary: Jesus says he only commanded worship of God, was witness while
    among them, and after God took him, God was watcher over them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14590-14595
  quote_or_summary: God says truthful people will benefit and have gardens with rivers
    forever, with God pleased in them and they pleased in him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14596-14598
  quote_or_summary: The kingdom of heaven, earth, and all therein belongs to God,
    who is almighty.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14600-14607
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note reports commentators saying a red table descended
    between two clouds; Jesus performed ablution, prayed, and uncovered it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14607-14618
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note lists variant traditions about the table's foods,
    including bread, fish, flesh, fruits of paradise, herbs, and five loaves with
    accompaniments.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14618-14628
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note says Jesus restored the fish to life; 1,300 afflicted
    or poor people ate and were satisfied, were delivered from misfortunes, and the
    table rose to heaven and descended for forty days.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14630-14633
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note reports a tradition that several men were changed
    into swine for disbelieving the miracle, calling it magic, or stealing victuals.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14634-14638
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note says some connected the table's descent with Sunday
    observance and suggests the story may derive from an imperfect notion of Christ's
    Last Supper and the Eucharist.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: low
  notes: Main-verse events are clear in the supplied translation. Several motif candidates
    depend on Sale's notes reporting commentator traditions. The comparison to the
    Last Supper/Eucharist is explicitly in Sale's note but should be reviewed as an
    external interpretive claim.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Extraction uses only the supplied passage text and metadata. Main translated verses and Sale's footnote/commentary traditions are distinguished in evidence and cautions.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l14566-l14638
  passage_sha256=789efa8c753bc0187bc26ad30ddb0558034002d80da0b239bd87edd9b35c865d