batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l14398-l14465
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l14398-l14465
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER IV. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD / CHAPTER V. / IN THE
NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 14398-14465
start: '14398'
end: '14465'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage includes translator's notes on pilgrimage restrictions, compensatory
offerings, the sanctuary at Mecca, and sacred months, followed by Qur'anic admonitions
not to ask about painful matters, rejection of invented animal observances and
mere ancestral religion, counsel to believers to guard their souls, and rules
for witnesses and oaths when making a testament near death.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Mohammed's men are described in a note as having gone toward al Hodeibiya
intending to perform a pilgrimage to the Caaba and having initiated themselves
with the usual rites.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: A note states that persons who are Mohrims have initiated themselves as pilgrims
by putting on a garment used at that solemnity.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: A note states that hunting and fowling are forbidden to persons in the pilgrim
state, while certain noxious animals may be killed.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: 'A note describes compensation for killing game: an offering at the temple
of Mecca, food for poor persons, or fasting a proportional number of days.'
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: A note describes the place of pilgrimage ceremonies as a sure asylum for those
in fear and a place of certain gain for merchants.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: Believers are told not to inquire about matters that, if declared, may cause
pain; the passage adds that God pardons these matters.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: The passage says God did not ordain Bahra, Sba, Wasla, or Hmi, and says unbelievers
invented a lie against God.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: When summoned to what God revealed and to the apostle, some answer that the
religion found among their fathers is sufficient.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:9
text: Believers are told to take care of their souls; those who err will not hurt
them while they are rightly directed.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:10
text: The passage says all will return to God, who will tell them what they have
done.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: When death approaches and a testament is made, the passage instructs that
two just witnesses be taken, or two others if the person is journeying and death
befalls them.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: If the witnesses are doubted, they are to be detained after afternoon prayer
and swear by God not to sell or conceal testimony.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: If the first two witnesses are found guilty of iniquity, two others from the
nearest blood-relatives are to stand in their place and swear that their testimony
is truer.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The divine speaker or authority who pardons, reveals, is invoked in
oaths, and to whom all return.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: true believers
description: The addressed group instructed about inquiry, care of the soul, and
testamentary witnesses.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Mohammed's men / Mohrim pilgrims
description: Men intending pilgrimage to the Caaba and persons described as initiated
pilgrims wearing the pilgrim garment.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: unbelievers
description: Those said to have invented a lie against God concerning Bahra, Sba,
Wasla, and Hmi.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: fathers / ancestors
description: The ancestral source of the religion claimed as sufficient by those
rejecting the summons to revelation and the apostle.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: the apostle
description: The messenger to whom people are summoned along with what God has revealed.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: testament witnesses
description: Two just witnesses, or two others in travel circumstances, called to
witness when death approaches.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: replacement blood-relative witnesses
description: Two nearest in blood who replace witnesses found guilty of iniquity
and swear to truer testimony.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: person near death / testator
description: A person for whom witnesses are to be taken when death approaches at
the time of making a testament.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: poor recipients
description: Poor persons among whom the compensatory offering is distributed or
to whom food may be given.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
label: divine revealer, pardoner, oath witness, and final judge
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage says God reveals, pardons, is invoked by oath, and will tell
all what they have done after their return to him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: role:2
label: addressed moral community
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The repeated address 'O true believers' introduces instructions on inquiry,
self-care, and testamentary procedure.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:3
label: initiated pilgrims under restriction
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The notes describe initiated pilgrims wearing a special garment and being
forbidden to hunt or fowl.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:4
label: fabricators of false religious ordinances
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The passage says unbelievers invented a lie against God concerning specified
animal categories.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:5
label: ancestral religious precedent
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The passage reports an answer that the religion found among the fathers is
sufficient.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:6
label: messenger of revelation
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: People are summoned to what God revealed and to the apostle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:7
label: oath-bound legal witnesses
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: The witnesses must swear by God not to sell or conceal testimony if doubted.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:8
label: corrective kin witnesses
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: If the first witnesses are guilty of iniquity, the nearest in blood stand
in their place and swear to their testimony.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:9
label: dying testator
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: The procedure begins when death approaches someone at the time of making
a testament.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:10
label: recipients of compensatory distribution
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: The offering is distributed among the poor, or food is given to poor persons
if the offender cannot provide the animal.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: pilgrim garment
literal_form: garment worn by Mohrim pilgrims at the solemnity of initiation
associated_figures:
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: Caaba / temple of Mecca
literal_form: pilgrimage destination and place where an offering is brought to be
slain
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: compensatory offering
literal_form: domestic or tame animal equal in value to the killed animal, or substitute
food or fasting
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: sacred months
literal_form: the month of Dhu'lhajja or the four sacred months, according to the
note
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: sym:5
label: oath after afternoon prayer
literal_form: witnesses detained after afternoon prayer and required to swear by
God
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:6
label: testament near death
literal_form: testament made when death approaches, witnessed by designated persons
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:11
- id: sym:7
label: Bahra, Sba, Wasla, and Hmi
literal_form: named animal-related observances or categories said not to be ordained
by God in this passage
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Pilgrimage initiation and animal restriction
summary: A note describes pilgrims at al Hodeibiya going toward the Caaba, entering
the pilgrim state with rites and garment, and being subject to hunting restrictions.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Compensation for killing game
summary: A note describes an offender compensating for killed game by bringing an
offering to Mecca for distribution to the poor, or by giving food, or by fasting.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Warning against painful inquiry
summary: Believers are told not to inquire about matters that may give them pain
if declared, while God is said to pardon and forgive.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Rejection of invented and ancestral religion
summary: The passage denies that God ordained Bahra, Sba, Wasla, or Hmi, and presents
some people as preferring the religion of their fathers over what God revealed
and the apostle.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:5
label: Return to God and disclosure of deeds
summary: Believers are told to guard their souls and that all will return to God,
who will tell them what they have done.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:6
label: Deathbed testament and witness oaths
summary: The passage prescribes taking witnesses when death approaches, requiring
oaths if they are doubted, and replacing corrupt witnesses with nearest blood-relatives.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Pilgrimage initiation with ritual restrictions
taxonomy_refs:
- initiation
basis: The notes describe pilgrims entering the Mohrim state through rites and garment,
with hunting and fowling forbidden during that state.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is a translator's note explaining legal context rather than
a narrative episode.
- id: motif:2
label: Compensatory sacred offering for ritual violation
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
- sacred_exchange
basis: The note describes an offering at Mecca, food for the poor, or fasting as
compensation for killing game while under pilgrimage restriction.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage frames this as legal expiation; 'sacrifice' is inferred from
the described slaughtered offering.
- id: motif:3
label: Sanctuary as asylum and ritual center
taxonomy_refs:
- world_center
basis: The note describes the place where ceremonies are chiefly established as
a sure asylum for those in fear and as economically beneficial for merchants.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage does not explicitly call
the sanctuary a cosmic center.
- id: motif:4
label: Divinely limited inquiry into painful knowledge
taxonomy_refs:
- forbidden_knowledge
- wisdom
basis: Believers are instructed not to ask about matters whose declaration may cause
pain, and are reminded that earlier people asked and then disbelieved.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage concerns religious questioning during revelation, not a mythic
theft or quest for forbidden knowledge.
- id: motif:5
label: Revelation versus ancestral custom
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
- covenant
basis: The passage contrasts what God revealed and the apostle with reliance on
the religion found among the fathers, who are said not to have known or been rightly
directed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: medium
cautions: The covenant taxonomy is only loosely supported by obedience to revealed
religion; no formal covenant scene appears in this excerpt.
- id: motif:6
label: Return to God for disclosure of deeds
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage states that all will return to God and that he will tell them
what they have done.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The excerpt states accountability but does not elaborate an afterlife
judgment scene.
- id: motif:7
label: Oath-bound testimony at the threshold of death
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage prescribes witnesses for a testament near death and requires
oaths by God to prevent bribery or concealed testimony.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a legal procedure with divine invocation; it is not itself a mythic
judgment narrative.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The pilgrim-state material fits the general motif family of initiation because
it describes entry into a marked ritual condition through rites and garment, followed
by special prohibitions.
claim_level: same_motif
target: initiation motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The evidence is from explanatory notes and legal instruction, not a
developed narrative of initiation.
- id: claim:2
claim: The compensation for killing game has the same ritual function as a sacrifice
or sacred exchange pattern, since a violation is offset by an offering, food-giving,
or fasting.
claim_level: same_function
target: sacrifice / sacred_exchange motif families
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage does not compare this practice to other traditions; the
claim is limited to functional classification within the supplied taxonomy.
- id: claim:3
claim: The statement that all return to God to be told their deeds fits a divine-judgment
pattern of final accountability.
claim_level: same_motif
target: divine_judgment motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The excerpt gives only a brief formula of accountability, without detailed
imagery of judgment, reward, or punishment.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 14398-14403
quote_or_summary: 'Translator''s note: at al Hodeibiya, Mohammed''s men intended
pilgrimage to the Caaba and had initiated themselves with usual rites; birds and
beasts impeded their march.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 14404-14408
quote_or_summary: 'Translator''s note: Mohrims are initiated pilgrims wearing the
garment of the solemnity; hunting and fowling are forbidden in this state, with
exceptions for certain noxious animals.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 14409-14416
quote_or_summary: 'Translator''s note: an offender brings an equal-value domestic
animal offering to the temple of Mecca to be slain and distributed to the poor,
or gives food, or fasts if unable.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 14422-14425
quote_or_summary: 'Translator''s note: the ceremonial place is where religious ceremonies
are chiefly established, a sure asylum for those fearing danger, and a place of
gain for merchants.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 14440-14445
quote_or_summary: Believers are told not to ask about things that would pain them
if declared; if asked while the Koran is sent down, they will be declared; God
pardons and forgives; earlier people asked and then disbelieved.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 14446-14449
quote_or_summary: The passage says God did not ordain Bahra, Sba, Wasla, or Hmi;
unbelievers invented a lie against God and many do not understand.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 14450-14454
quote_or_summary: When told to come to what God revealed and to the apostle, they
answer that the religion found among their fathers is sufficient; the passage
questions this because their fathers lacked knowledge and right direction.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 14455-14457
quote_or_summary: Believers are told to take care of their souls; those who err
will not harm them while they are rightly directed; all return to God, who will
tell them what they have done.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 14458-14462
quote_or_summary: When death approaches at testament-making, believers are instructed
to take two just witnesses from among themselves, or two others if traveling and
death befalls them.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 14462-14465
quote_or_summary: The two witnesses are to be shut up after afternoon prayer and,
if doubted, swear by God not to sell evidence for a bribe or conceal God's testimony.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 14466-14470
quote_or_summary: If both witnesses are found guilty of iniquity, two others nearest
in blood stand in their place and swear that their testimony is truer and not
prevaricated.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized; note that the supplied passage text
extends this sentence beyond the declared line end.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 14426-14428
quote_or_summary: 'Translator''s note: the referenced month may be Dhu''lhajja,
when pilgrimage ceremonies are performed, or all four sacred months according
to another commentator.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Extraction relies on the supplied English translation and translator's notes.
The legal and exegetical nature of the passage supports ritual and judgment motif
candidates, but several classifications are broad and require human review.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No taxonomy symbol references were assigned because the available symbol list does not include the passage's main ritual objects and places.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l14398-l14465
passage_sha256=5940f9aa6645e73741e52a02d8b8d6dce4bce12d144575f2aeecf367e95d65fb