Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l13194-l13265

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l13194-l13265

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l13194-l13265
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER III. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER IV. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD; lines 13194-13265
  start: '13194'
  end: '13265'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage includes Sale’s notes on idolatry, devilish seduction, alteration
    of creation, and a story explaining Abraham as the Friend of God through a miraculous
    provision of flour. The Qur'anic portion opens with divine instruction concerning
    women, female orphans, weak infants, marital reconciliation, fair treatment of
    wives, separation, God’s ownership of heaven and earth, the command to fear God
    given also to earlier scripture communities, God’s power to replace people, and
    divine possession of reward in this world and the next.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A note identifies Allat, al-Uzza, and Manat as Meccan idols, and also mentions
    angels called the daughters of God.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A note describes leaving the service of God and doing the works of the devil
    as a loss or error.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: In the Abraham story, servants fill sacks with fine white sand after failing
    to obtain corn from a friend in Egypt.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: In the Abraham story, Sarah opens a sack, finds good flour, and makes bread;
    Abraham attributes the provision to God Almighty.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The Qur'anic passage says God instructs the audience concerning women, female
    orphans, weak infants, and justice toward orphans.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The passage permits amicable settlement when a woman fears ill usage or aversion
    from her husband, and states that reconciliation is better than separation.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage says complete equality between women is not possible in all respects,
    but warns against turning from a wife completely or leaving her in suspense.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage states that everything in heaven and earth belongs to God, and
    that earlier scripture communities and the present audience were commanded to
    fear God.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage says God can take people away and produce others in their place.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage says that with God is the reward of this world and of that which
    is to come, and that God hears and sees.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine speaker and authority who instructs, knows deeds, owns heaven
    and earth, protects, can replace people, and possesses reward in this world and
    the next.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Women and wives
  description: Women are the subject of consultation and instruction; wives may fear
    ill usage or aversion and are not to be left in suspense.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Female orphans
  description: Female orphans are described as persons to whom the audience does not
    give what is ordained for them and whom they will not marry.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Weak infants
  description: Weak infants are mentioned among those concerning whom divine instruction
    and justice are addressed.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Husbands or men addressed
  description: Men are addressed regarding women, covetousness, fear of wrongdoing,
    reconciliation, and fair conduct toward wives.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: In Sale’s note, Abraham is called the Friend of God and receives unexpected
    provision after his servants return from Egypt.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Sarah
  description: In the Abraham story, Sarah opens a sack, finds flour, and makes bread.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Abraham’s servants
  description: The servants are sent to Egypt for corn and fill sacks with white sand
    after failing to obtain it.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Friend in Egypt
  description: The friend in Egypt refuses to send corn, saying famine is also present
    in his country and that Abraham wants it for guests and the poor.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Divine instructor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God instructs the audience concerning women, orphans, weak infants, and justice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: Cosmic owner and protector
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage repeatedly says that whatever is in heaven and earth belongs
    to God and that God is a sufficient protector.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: Giver of worldly and future reward
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says reward of this world and of what is to come is with God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:4
  label: Vulnerable persons requiring justice
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  basis: Women, female orphans, weak infants, and orphans are named in the instruction
    concerning fair treatment and justice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: Spouse at risk of ill usage or abandonment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage mentions a woman fearing ill usage or aversion and warns not
    to leave a wife in suspense.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: Ethically addressed spouse
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The audience is warned about covetousness, instructed toward reconciliation,
    and told not to abuse wives.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: Friend of God and recipient of provision
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The note calls Abraham the Friend of God and recounts provision after failed
    human assistance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: Discoverer and preparer of flour
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Sarah opens a sack, finds flour, and makes bread.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: Failed envoys who conceal empty return
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The servants are sent for corn, fail to obtain it, and fill sacks with sand
    to avoid returning visibly empty.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:10
  label: Withholding human friend
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The friend in Egypt refuses Abraham’s request for corn despite explaining
    the famine conditions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Heaven and earth
  literal_form: The totality of heaven and earth said to belong to God.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:2
  label: Scripture and command
  literal_form: The scriptures given before and the present command to fear God.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:3
  label: Worldly and future reward
  literal_form: The reward of this world and of that which is to come.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:4
  label: Sacks, sand, flour, and bread
  literal_form: Sacks filled with fine white sand, later opened by Sarah as good flour
    and made into bread.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Abraham’s failed request and unexpected provision
  summary: During famine, Abraham sends servants to a friend in Egypt for corn. The
    friend refuses; the servants fill sacks with white sand. Sarah later finds flour
    in a sack and makes bread, which Abraham attributes to God Almighty.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:2
  label: Instruction concerning women, orphans, and weak infants
  summary: God is said to instruct the audience concerning women, female orphans,
    weak infants, and the obligation to observe justice toward orphans.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Marital reconciliation and restraint
  summary: The passage addresses fear of ill usage or aversion between spouses, permits
    amicable settlement, praises reconciliation, and warns against complete aversion
    or leaving a wife in suspense.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Divine sovereignty, command, and reward
  summary: The passage states that everything in heaven and earth belongs to God,
    repeats the command to fear God, says God can replace people, and locates both
    worldly and future reward with God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine instruction for justice toward vulnerable dependents
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - divine_judgment
  basis: God instructs the audience concerning women, female orphans, weak infants,
    and justice toward orphans, with God’s knowledge of good deeds stated as oversight.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy references are broad; the passage is primarily legal and
    ethical rather than a narrative myth scene.
- id: motif:2
  label: Marital reconciliation under divine oversight
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage treats spousal ill usage, aversion, reconciliation, separation,
    and God’s knowledge of conduct toward women.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: No specific available taxonomy motif exactly matches this legal-ethical
    pattern.
- id: motif:3
  label: Shared command to fear God across scripture communities
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The passage says those given scripture before and the present audience were
    commanded to fear God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage names earlier scripture communities generally but does not
    specify a covenant ceremony or detailed covenant narrative.
- id: motif:4
  label: Divine ownership of the cosmos and replacement of peoples
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage states that heaven and earth belong to God and that God can take
    people away and produce others in their stead.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Replacement is stated as divine capacity, not narrated as an accomplished
    destruction or succession event.
- id: motif:5
  label: Reward in this world and the world to come
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage says that with God is the reward of this world and of that which
    is to come, and that God hears and sees.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage refers to recompense but does not describe an afterlife journey
    or resurrection scene.
- id: motif:6
  label: Miraculous provision for Abraham’s household
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: In Sale’s note, sacks filled with sand are found by Sarah as flour, and Abraham
    attributes the bread to God Almighty.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This motif is drawn from the translator’s explanatory note, not from the
    Qur'anic verses in this line range.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage presents the command to fear God as functioning across the present
    audience and earlier scripture communities.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Earlier scripture communities mentioned in the passage
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage does not quote the earlier scriptures or identify the communities
    by name in the Qur'anic verse; it only asserts continuity of command.
- id: claim:2
  claim: Sale’s note frames the passage in relation to a dispute among Muslims, Jews,
    and Christians about religious preference and divine promises.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Jews and Christians as nearby scriptural traditions in Sale’s note
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: This comparison is based on the translator’s note and reported exegetical
    context, not on the Qur'anic wording alone.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 13194-13200
  quote_or_summary: A note glosses the referenced figures as Allat, al-Uzza, and Manat,
    the idols of the Meccans, or angels called daughters of God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 13208-13219
  quote_or_summary: Notes describe false religion, devilish seduction, superstitious
    alteration of cattle and bodies, and leaving the service of God to do the works
    of the devil.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 13225-13248
  quote_or_summary: 'A note explains Abraham as Friend of God: during famine servants
    fail to get corn from a friend in Egypt, fill sacks with white sand, Sarah finds
    flour and makes bread, and Abraham says it came from God Almighty.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: 13252-13256
  quote_or_summary: "“GOD instructeth you concerning them... concerning female orphans...
    and concerning weak infants... observe justice towards orphans.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 13257-13260
  quote_or_summary: If a woman fears ill usage or aversion from her husband, amicable
    agreement is allowed; reconciliation is said to be better than separation, and
    God knows conduct toward women.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 13261-13264
  quote_or_summary: The passage says full equality between women is impossible in
    all respects, but warns not to turn from a wife with complete aversion or leave
    her in suspense.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: 13265 and following within supplied passage
  quote_or_summary: "“unto GOD belongeth whatsoever is in heaven and on earth... commanded
    those unto whom the scriptures were given before you... Fear GOD.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: 13265 and following within supplied passage
  quote_or_summary: "“If he pleaseth he will take you away, O men, and will produce
    others in your stead.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:9
  type: quote
  locator: 13265 and following within supplied passage
  quote_or_summary: "“with GOD is the reward of this world, and also of that which
    is to come; GOD both heareth and seeth.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 13219-13225
  quote_or_summary: A note says the passage was revealed, according to some, after
    a dispute among three religions, each preferring its own, and refers to Jews and
    Christians in relation to divine promises and obedience.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: low
  notes: The main Qur'anic material is legal, ethical, and theological rather than
    myth-narrative. Some motifs are therefore broad and require human review. The
    Abraham provision motif and interreligious dispute context come from Sale’s notes,
    not directly from the Qur'anic verses.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All observations and motifs are limited to the supplied passage and metadata. Taxonomy references are used only where the supplied motif family list broadly supports them.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l13194-l13265
  passage_sha256=b151282998f39d1a040309fb0bc92d2aefdaebe4b0261e08df5a0c158cd161e2