batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l13036-l13127
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l13036-l13127
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER III. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER IV. / IN THE
NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD; lines 13036-13127
start: '13036'
end: '13127'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage contrasts believers who remain at home with those who expend
wealth and persons for God's religion, describes judgment on those who fail to
migrate when able, exempts the truly weak, promises reward to those who flee for
God and the apostle, regulates prayer during danger and war, and warns against
fraud, calumny, and deceptive advocacy while affirming divine mercy, judgment,
and revealed wisdom.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Believers who employ their fortunes and persons for God's religion are preferred
above believers who sit at home without disabling hurt, though paradise is promised
to all believers mentioned.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Angels put certain people to death, question them about their religion, and
the passage assigns hell as their habitation because they did not seek refuge
elsewhere though God's earth was wide.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Weak men, women, and children who could not find means or direction in the
way are excepted from the condemnation and may be pardoned by God.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Whoever flees from country or house for God's true religion, toward God and
the apostle, is promised refuge, provisions, and reward even if death overtakes
the person on the way.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: When marching to war, believers may shorten prayers if they fear attack from
infidels, who are described as open enemies.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: The prophet is instructed to lead prayer in danger by having one party pray
with him while armed, then stand behind, while another party comes to pray; caution
and arms are repeatedly required.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: After prayer, believers are told to remember God standing, sitting, and lying
on their sides, and to complete prayers when secure.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: The book of the Koran is said to be sent down with truth so that the prophet
may judge between people by wisdom shown by God, and he is warned not to advocate
for the fraudulent.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Deceivers may conceal themselves from people but not from God, who is with
them when they devise displeasing speech at night.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: The passage asks who will dispute with God for the fraudulent on the day of
resurrection or become their patron.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: One who does evil and then asks pardon is said to find God gracious and merciful,
while wickedness is committed against the wrongdoer's own soul.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: A person who commits sin or iniquity and then lays it on an innocent person
bears the guilt of calumny and manifest injustice.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:13
text: Private discourse is judged good only when it recommends alms, right conduct,
or agreement among people for the purpose of pleasing God, and such conduct receives
great reward.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The divine authority who prefers, rewards, forgives, judges, sends
down the book, knows, and is not escaped by concealment.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:13
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Believers who sit at home
description: Believers without disabling hurt who do not employ fortunes and persons
in the same way as those who fight or strive for the religion of God.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Believers who employ fortunes and persons
description: Believers who expend wealth and persons for God's religion and are
preferred in honor and reward.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Angels
description: Angelic beings who put certain people to death and question them about
their religion.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Those who injured their own souls
description: People put to death by angels after failing to flee despite the wide
earth; the notes identify them as Meccan inhabitants who did not join the prophet
and were slain at Bedr.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:14
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Weak men, women, and children
description: People unable to find means or guidance in the way and therefore excepted
as possible recipients of pardon.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: One who flees for God and the apostle
description: A person who departs from house or country for God's true religion
and may die on the way while still receiving divine reward.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:15
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: The prophet
description: The addressee instructed to lead prayer in danger and to judge by the
revealed book, while not advocating for the fraudulent.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Praying believers in danger
description: Believers organized into parties for prayer while armed and cautious
during threat of attack.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Infidels or unbelievers
description: Enemy figures who may attack during prayer and for whom an ignominious
punishment is prepared.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Fraudulent deceivers
description: Those who deceive one another, conceal themselves from people, and
are not to be defended or advocated for.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Innocent person blamed for another's sin
description: A person on whom another lays a sin or iniquity, producing guilt of
calumny and manifest injustice.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: One who recommends alms, right, or agreement
description: A speaker whose private discourse is good because it promotes alms,
right conduct, or agreement among people for God's pleasure.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
roles:
- id: role:1
label: Divine judge, revealer, and rewarder
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God grants paradise, reward, pardon, and mercy; sends down the book; knows
concealed deeds; and is the one before whom no advocate can dispute on the day
of resurrection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: role:2
label: Non-striving believers
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: They are contrasted with those who employ fortunes and persons and are assigned
a lower degree of honor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: Preferred religious strivers
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: They employ fortunes and persons for God's religion and receive preference,
honor, forgiveness, mercy, and reward.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:4
label: Angelic interrogators at death
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: They put people to death and question them about their religious state.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: Culpable non-refuge seekers
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: They claim weakness but are reproached for not seeking refuge in God's wide
earth and are assigned hell.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: Excused weak persons
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: They are described as unable to find means or direction and are excepted
as possible recipients of pardon.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:7
label: Religious emigrant
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: The person flees from country or house for God's religion, God, and the apostle,
and receives reward even if death occurs en route.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:8
label: Prophetic prayer leader and judge
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: The prophet leads armed prayer in danger and receives the truthful book by
which to judge between people.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- id: role:9
label: Armed worshippers under threat
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: They pray in alternating parties while carrying arms and taking precautions
against enemy attack.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:10
label: Enemy attackers
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: They are said to be open enemies who would attack if arms and baggage were
neglected.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:11
label: Fraudulent litigants or deceivers
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: They deceive one another, hide from people, and are not to be defended in
dispute.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:12
label: Victim of false accusation
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: The passage names an innocent person on whom sin or iniquity is laid.
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: role:13
label: Righteous mediator or counselor
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: The figure recommends alms, right conduct, or agreement among people for
God's pleasure.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Paradise as promised reward
literal_form: paradise
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: Hell as evil journey and habitation
literal_form: hell; evil journey thither
associated_figures:
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: Wide earth as place of refuge
literal_form: God's earth wide enough to fly therein to a place of refuge
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: Arms during prayer
literal_form: arms and baggage carried or guarded during prayer
associated_figures:
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:5
label: Revealed book with truth and wisdom
literal_form: the book of the Koran sent down with truth; wisdom shown by God
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:6
label: Day of resurrection as judgment setting
literal_form: day of resurrection
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:7
label: Postures of remembrance
literal_form: remembering God standing, sitting, and lying on sides
associated_figures:
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Ranking of believers by striving
summary: Believers who expend wealth and persons for God's religion are distinguished
from believers who stay home, and receive higher honor, forgiveness, mercy, and
reward.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Angelic death-questioning and failed migration
summary: Angels question people they put to death about their religion; the answer
of weakness is rejected because the earth was wide enough for refuge, and hell
is assigned as their destination.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Exception for the truly weak
summary: Weak men, women, and children who lack means and direction are exempted
from the prior judgment and may receive God's pardon.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:6
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Flight for God and reward despite death on the way
summary: A person who leaves home or country for God, true religion, and the apostle
is promised places of refuge, provisions, and reward even if death occurs during
the journey.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:5
label: Prayer during war and danger
summary: Believers marching to war may shorten prayers, and the prophet is instructed
to conduct prayer in alternating armed parties while guarding against unbelievers.
figure_refs:
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:6
label: Remembrance and restored prayer after security
summary: After prayer, believers remember God in multiple bodily postures and complete
appointed prayers when secure from danger.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: scene:7
label: Revealed judgment and warning against fraudulent advocacy
summary: The Koran is sent with truth and wisdom for judging between people, and
the prophet is warned not to advocate for fraudulent deceivers.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:8
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:8
label: Concealment, resurrection, repentance, and calumny
summary: Deceivers cannot hide from God; no patron can dispute for them on the day
of resurrection, but one who seeks pardon may find mercy, while false blame of
the innocent brings guilt.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:11
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:12
- id: scene:9
label: Good discourse for alms, right, and agreement
summary: Private discourse is approved when it promotes alms, right action, or agreement
among people for God's pleasure, and is promised great reward.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:13
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Religious striving rewarded above remaining at home
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
- sacred_exchange
basis: The passage links expenditure of wealth and persons for God's religion with
elevated honor, forgiveness, mercy, paradise, and great reward.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage does not describe ritual sacrifice; the link to sacrifice
is limited to self-expenditure and risk for divine reward.
- id: motif:2
label: Flight from home for sacred allegiance
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: Leaving country or house for God's true religion, God, and the apostle produces
refuge, provisions, and reward even if death interrupts the journey.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: The passage emphasizes religious migration and refuge, not a full heroic
quest cycle.
- id: motif:3
label: Divine judgment at death and resurrection
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
- resurrection
basis: Angels question the dead and assign hell in one case, and the day of resurrection
is invoked as the time when no patron can dispute with God for wrongdoers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: The passage gives judgment scenes and references rather than a detailed
afterlife itinerary.
- id: motif:4
label: Worship maintained under enemy threat
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Prayer is adapted during war through shortened prayers, armed worshippers,
alternating parties, and precaution against enemy attack.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly matches this martial-prayer pattern.
- id: motif:5
label: Revealed wisdom for just judgment
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The Koran is sent down with truth so the prophet may judge between people
by wisdom shown and taught by God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The motif is legal and revelatory rather than a narrative quest for wisdom.
- id: motif:6
label: Repentance after wrongdoing and divine mercy
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage states that one who does evil or injures the soul and then asks
pardon will find God gracious and merciful, while guilt remains with the wrongdoer.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
confidence: medium
cautions: This is an ethical-theological pattern rather than a developed mythic
episode.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage's command and reward for fleeing home or country for God is functionally
comparable to a departure motif, because sacred allegiance requires leaving one's
prior place and creates a new refuge.
claim_level: same_function
target: departure motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage does not present a complete departure-adventure-return
sequence.
- id: claim:2
claim: 'The angelic questioning at death and the later appeal to the day of resurrection
fit the divine-judgment motif family at the level of function: wrongdoing is assessed
by divine or angelic authority and assigned consequences.'
claim_level: same_function
target: divine_judgment motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:10
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The passage does not provide a detailed map of the afterlife or a tribunal
scene beyond these judgment references.
- id: claim:3
claim: The book sent down with truth and wisdom supports comparison with a wisdom
motif in which divine knowledge enables right judgment.
claim_level: same_function
target: wisdom motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The wisdom is revealed for legal and moral judgment, not acquired through
a quest or contest.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: 13036-13045
quote_or_summary: Believers who employ fortunes and persons for God's religion are
preferred above those who sit at home; paradise is promised, and fighters receive
added honor, forgiveness, mercy, and great reward.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: 13046-13054
quote_or_summary: Angels put to death people who injured their souls, question their
religion, reject the claim of weakness by invoking God's wide earth as refuge,
and assign hell as their habitation and evil journey.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 13055-13058
quote_or_summary: Weak men, women, and children unable to find means or direction
in the way are excepted and may be pardoned by God, who is ready to forgive and
gracious.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 13059-13064
quote_or_summary: Whoever flees from country or house for God's true religion, God,
and the apostle will find refuge and provisions; if death overtakes the person
on the way, God is obliged to reward him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 13065-13068
quote_or_summary: When marching to war, believers may shorten prayers if they fear
attack by infidels, who are described as open enemies.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 13091-13100
quote_or_summary: The prophet is instructed to lead prayer with one armed party,
then another party; believers must remain cautious with arms because unbelievers
want them to neglect arms and baggage and then attack.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 13101-13104
quote_or_summary: After prayer, believers are told to remember God standing, sitting,
and lying on their sides, and to complete appointed prayers when secure.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 13108-13112
quote_or_summary: The Koran is sent down with truth so the prophet may judge between
people by wisdom God shows him; he is warned not to advocate for the fraudulent
and to ask pardon.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: 13115-13118
quote_or_summary: Deceivers conceal themselves from people but not from God, who
is with them when they imagine displeasing speech at night and comprehends their
deeds.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: 13119-13121
quote_or_summary: The passage asks who will dispute with God for such people in
the present life or become their patron on the day of resurrection.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: 13122-13125
quote_or_summary: Whoever does evil or injures his own soul and then asks pardon
will find God gracious and merciful; whoever commits wickedness commits it against
his own soul.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: 13126-13127
quote_or_summary: Whoever commits sin or iniquity and then lays it on the innocent
bears the guilt of calumny and manifest injustice.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: 13125-13127 continuation in supplied passage
quote_or_summary: The supplied passage closes by saying there is no good in most
private discourse except discourse recommending alms, right conduct, or agreement
among people for God's pleasure; such a person receives great reward.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:14
type: note
locator: note k in supplied passage
quote_or_summary: The note identifies the condemned people as certain Meccan inhabitants
who embraced Mohammedism but did not leave the city to join the prophet and were
slain with idolaters at Bedr.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
- id: ev:15
type: note
locator: note n in supplied passage
quote_or_summary: The note says the verse was revealed concerning Jondob Ebn Damra,
who was sick, carried by his sons during flight, pledged faith to God and the
apostle, and died before reaching Medina.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied in request.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied English passage and its notes. Motif
assignments are cautious and limited to available taxonomy references; several
ethical and legal elements do not map cleanly to the supplied motif families.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
All observations and motifs are derived from the provided passage text and notes; no external Qur'anic verse numbering or later interpretation has been added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l13036-l13127
passage_sha256=17021e620cdd986281dca7bf31b69e814caf676d35ed1f739089d78a7bf1cc61