batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11721-l11782
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11721-l11782
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER II. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER III. / IN THE
NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 11721-11782
start: '11721'
end: '11782'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage commends almsgiving, restraint of anger, forgiveness, remembrance
of God after wrongdoing, and seeking pardon. It promises pardon and gardens with
flowing rivers as reward. It instructs believers to observe past punishments of
rejecters, remain steadfast after wartime wounds, understand alternating fortunes
as a divine test, and recognize martyrdom. It states that Muhammad is an apostle
like previous apostles who have died, and warns believers not to turn back if
he dies or is slain. The notes identify the war context with Uhud and Badr and
include exemplary anecdotes about Hasan forgiving and freeing a slave, and Ans
Ebn al Nadar fighting after hearing a report that Muhammad had been slain.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The passage praises those who give alms in prosperity and adversity, restrain
anger, and forgive people.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Those who commit a crime or wrong themselves are described as remembering
God, asking pardon, and not knowingly persisting in wrongdoing.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: The stated reward for repentant and righteous conduct is pardon from the Lord
and gardens with rivers where the rewarded remain forever.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: The book is described as a declaration to people, a direction, and an admonition
to the pious.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: Believers are told not to be dismayed or grieved and are told they will be
superior to unbelievers if they believe.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: The passage says both the addressed group and the unbelieving people have
suffered wounds in war.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: The passage says God causes days of different success to follow one another
among people.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: The passage presents battle and perseverance as a means by which God knows
or proves believers and has martyrs from among them.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:9
text: The passage asks whether the believers imagined they would enter paradise
before God knew those who fought strenuously and persevered patiently.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:10
text: Muhammad is described as an apostle, and earlier apostles are said to have
already died before him.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:11
text: The passage warns that turning back if Muhammad dies or is slain will not
harm God, while God will reward the thankful.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: A note tells of Hasan son of Ali forgiving a slave who spilled a boiling dish
on him and then granting the slave liberty and silver after the slave recited
the verse about restraining anger, forgiving, and beneficence.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: Notes identify the wound of the believers with Uhud and the earlier wound
of the unbelieving people with Badr.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:14
text: A note reports that when Muhammad was rumored slain at Uhud, idolaters urged
his followers to return to their former religion, while Ans Ebn al Nadar urged
continued fighting and fought until killed.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God / Lord
description: The divine figure who forgives sins, loves the beneficent, rewards,
tests believers, destroys infidels, and is not harmed by human turning back.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Beneficent and pious believers
description: People who give alms, restrain anger, forgive, repent, believe, fight
strenuously, persevere, and are addressed as potential recipients of pardon and
paradise.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- ev:8
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Infidels / unbelievers
description: Opposing people associated with accusing apostles of imposture, suffering
wounds in war, and being subject to destruction.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:11
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Muhammad
description: Named as an apostle; the passage raises the possibility of his dying
or being slain.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:12
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Earlier apostles
description: Apostles before Muhammad who are said to have already died.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Martyrs
description: Those whom God may have from among the believers in the context of
battle and testing.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:12
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Hasan son of Ali
description: In a note, Hasan forgives a slave after being burned by a hot dish
and grants the slave liberty and silver.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Unnamed slave
description: In a note, the slave spills a boiling dish on Hasan, fears resentment,
kneels, and recites the verse about anger, forgiveness, and beneficence.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Ans Ebn al Nadar
description: In a note, a Moslem who responds to the report of Muhammad's death
by urging continued fighting and is killed.
role_refs:
- role:5
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Idolaters at Uhud
description: In a note, the idolaters say that if Muhammad has been slain his followers
should return to their ancient religion and friends.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
roles:
- id: role:1
label: Divine forgiver, rewarder, tester, and judge
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God forgives sins, grants pardon and gardens, proves believers, has martyrs,
destroys infidels, and rewards the thankful.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: role:2
label: Righteous and repentant recipients of reward
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The praised people give alms, restrain anger, forgive, remember God after
sin, and are promised pardon and gardens.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:3
label: Opponents or rejecters
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:10
basis: Unbelievers or idolaters oppose the believers, accuse apostles, and in the
note urge return from Muhammad's religion after a battlefield rumor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:11
- ev:12
- id: role:4
label: Mortal apostle
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:5
basis: Muhammad is called an apostle, and previous apostles are said to have died.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:5
label: Martyr or death-facing fighter
assigned_to:
- fig:6
- fig:9
basis: The passage mentions God having martyrs from among believers, and the note
describes Ans fighting until killed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:12
- id: role:6
label: Tested community
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The addressed believers are wounded, tested through changing fortune, and
asked whether they expected paradise without strenuous fighting and perseverance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:7
label: Exemplary forgiver and liberator
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Hasan forgives the slave, says he is not angry, and grants liberty and silver.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:8
label: Supplicant reciter
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: The slave kneels in fear and recites the verse on restraining anger, forgiving,
and beneficence.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:9
label: Exhorter to steadfastness
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Ans tells companions that Muhammad's Lord lives and urges them to fight for
the cause for which Muhammad fought.
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Gardens with flowing rivers
literal_form: Gardens wherein rivers flow, where the rewarded remain forever.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:2
label: The book as declaration and admonition
literal_form: A book described as a declaration to men, a direction, and an admonition
to the pious.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:3
label: Wound in war
literal_form: A wound suffered in war by the addressed group and a like wound suffered
by the unbelieving people.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:11
- id: sym:4
label: Alternating days of success
literal_form: Days of different success succeeding one another among people.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:5
label: Turning back on heels
literal_form: The action of turning back on one's heels if Muhammad dies or is slain.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:6
label: Sword in the Uhud note
literal_form: Ans draws his sword and fights until he is killed.
associated_figures:
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Ethical restraint, repentance, and promised reward
summary: The passage praises almsgiving, anger-restraint, forgiveness, remembrance
of God after sin, and seeking pardon; the reward is pardon and gardens with rivers
forever.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:2
label: Instruction from past punishments
summary: The audience is told that examples of punishment of infidels already exist
and is urged to go through the earth and observe the end of those who accused
God's apostles of imposture.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:3
label: Battlefield wounds and divine testing
summary: The believers are told not to grieve; their wound is matched by a wound
suffered by unbelievers, and alternating success is described as part of divine
testing, recognition of believers, martyrdom, and destruction of infidels.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: scene:4
label: Mortality of the apostle and warning against apostasy
summary: Muhammad is described as an apostle like earlier apostles who died; the
audience is warned not to turn back if he dies or is slain, and the thankful are
promised reward.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:5
label: Hasan and the forgiving response to the slave
summary: A note narrates that a slave spills a hot dish on Hasan, recites the verse
about anger and forgiveness, and Hasan responds by declaring himself not angry,
forgiving the slave, and granting liberty and money.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:6
label: Uhud rumor and Ans's final combat
summary: A note reports that idolaters urge Muhammad's followers to return after
a rumor of his death; Ans Ebn al Nadar says Muhammad's Lord lives, urges continued
fighting, draws his sword, and is killed.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:9
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine reward for repentance and moral restraint
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage links almsgiving, anger-restraint, forgiveness, remembrance of
God, and seeking pardon with divine pardon and gardens with rivers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The passage emphasizes reward and forgiveness more than a developed judgment
scene.
- id: motif:2
label: Paradise garden with flowing waters as afterlife reward
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
- water
basis: The rewarded receive pardon from the Lord and gardens with rivers in which
they remain forever.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The available motif taxonomy lacks a simple 'paradise garden' motif; the
water taxonomy reference applies only to the literal rivers.
- id: motif:3
label: Past punishments as admonitory examples
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The audience is told that examples of punishment of infidels already exist
and is urged to observe the end of those who accused apostles of imposture.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: The specific past peoples and events are not named in the provided passage.
- id: motif:4
label: Testing of believers through battle and alternating fortune
taxonomy_refs:
- initiation
basis: The passage presents wounds, alternating days of success, strenuous fighting,
and patient perseverance as the means by which God proves believers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
confidence: medium
cautions: The initiation label is approximate; the passage frames the pattern as
divine proving rather than a formal rite of initiation.
- id: motif:5
label: Martyrdom in divine cause
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
basis: The passage says God may have martyrs from among believers, and the note
describes Ans fighting for the cause after a report of Muhammad's death and being
killed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:12
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage uses martyr language, but the taxonomy reference 'sacrifice'
is broader than the explicit wording.
- id: motif:6
label: Steadfast community after possible death of its prophet
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Muhammad is said to be an apostle like earlier deceased apostles, and believers
are warned not to turn back if he dies or is slain.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference precisely matches this motif.
- id: motif:7
label: Sacred text as guidance and admonition
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The book is described as a declaration to men, a direction, and an admonition
to the pious.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The wisdom taxonomy reference is general; the passage's wording is instructional
and admonitory.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: quote
locator: lines 11721-11722
quote_or_summary: Those praised are said to give alms in prosperity and adversity,
bridle anger, and forgive people.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 11723-11726
quote_or_summary: After crime or self-wrong, the righteous remember God, ask pardon
for sins, and do not knowingly persist in what they have done.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: lines 11726-11728
quote_or_summary: Their reward is pardon from the Lord and gardens where rivers
flow, remaining there forever.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 11729-11734
quote_or_summary: The audience is told to observe past punishments of those who
accused apostles of imposture; the book is called a declaration, direction, and
admonition to the pious.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 11735-11736
quote_or_summary: The addressed believers are told not to be dismayed or grieved
and that they will be superior if they believe.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 11737-11740
quote_or_summary: A wound in war has happened to the audience, a like wound has
happened to the unbelieving people, and God causes days of different success to
alternate among people.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 11740-11743
quote_or_summary: God is said to know or prove believers, have martyrs from among
them, not love workers of iniquity, and destroy infidels.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 11744-11748
quote_or_summary: The passage asks whether the audience imagined entering paradise
before God knew those who fought strenuously and persevered; it also says some
had wished for death before seeing it and retreating.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 11749-11753
quote_or_summary: Muhammad is called an apostle; earlier apostles have died; believers
are warned not to turn back if he dies or is slain, and God will reward the thankful.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 11755-11764, note q
quote_or_summary: The note recounts Hasan son of Ali forgiving a slave who spilled
a boiling dish, after the slave recites the verse on restraining anger, forgiving
people, and beneficence; Hasan grants him liberty and silver.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 11766-11774, notes r-t
quote_or_summary: The notes identify the believers' wound with Uhud, the unbelievers'
wound with Badr, and explain that some followers wanted a martyr's honor like
those at Badr but were discouraged by numbers at Uhud.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 11775-11782, note u
quote_or_summary: The note says these words were revealed when Muhammad was reported
slain at Uhud; idolaters urged return to former religion, while Ans Ebn al Nadar
declared that Muhammad's Lord lives, urged fighting for the cause, drew his sword,
and fought until killed.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Literal extraction is supported by the supplied passage and notes. Motif
taxonomy mapping is partly approximate because several observed themes, such as
paradise garden and prophetic mortality, do not have exact supplied motif-family
labels. No comparison claims were made because the passage does not itself support
a comparison to another tradition or motif family beyond internal admonitory examples.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the provided passage text and metadata. Footnotes were treated as part of the supplied passage context and separated where possible from the main Qur'anic passage.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l11721-l11782
passage_sha256=83a1aac1e3393a4d2b2b19b39757d6563c4d0bb6b4c241480642b52c38de8dd8