batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11389-l11468
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11389-l11468
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER II. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER III. / IN THE
NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 11389-11468
start: '11389'
end: '11468'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: Commentarial notes discuss examples of honesty and injustice, polemics
involving Jews and Christians, a refusal to worship anyone besides God, and a
reported covenant of prophets at Sinai. The translated Qur'anic passage affirms
belief in revelations to earlier prophets, rejects religions other than Islam,
describes punishment for apostasy and unbelief, allows repentance, rejects ransom
for those dying in unbelief, commends giving loved possessions in alms, invokes
food law and the Pentateuch, directs followers to Abraham's religion, and identifies
the first house of worship at Becca.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The commentary gives examples of a Jew who repaid a loan punctually and another
figure who allegedly denied a debt.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The commentary reports that Caab Ebn al Ashraf recited verses against Mohammed
after the battle of Bedr and was later killed by men sent by Mohammed.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: The commentary says two Christians offered to acknowledge Mohammed as their
Lord and worship him, and he answered that only God should be worshipped.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: The commentary reports a view that the souls of all prophets were present
on Mount Sinai when God gave the law to Moses and entered into a covenant there.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: The translated passage commands speech affirming belief in God and in revelations
sent to Abraham, Ismael, Isaac, Jacob, the tribes, Moses, Jesus, and the prophets.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: The passage states that any religion other than Islam will not be accepted
and that such a person will perish in the next life.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: The passage states that apostates who had believed and witnessed the apostle's
truth receive the curse of God, angels, and mankind and remain under torment,
except those who repent and amend.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: The passage states that those who die in unbelief cannot have a world full
of gold accepted as ransom and will have no helper.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: The passage states that righteousness is attained by giving in alms from what
one loves, and that God knows what is given.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: The passage says all food was permitted to the children of Israel except what
Israel forbade himself before the Pentateuch was sent down, and it challenges
Jews to bring and read the Pentateuch.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: The passage directs followers to the religion of Abraham, described as orthodox
and not idolatrous.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: The passage identifies the first house appointed for human worship as the
house in Becca, blessed and a direction to all creatures.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The deity in whom belief is commanded; giver of law, judge, recipient
of worship, and knower of alms.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: Named in the commentary as a prophet-like authority who refuses worship
and is involved in reports about Caab Ebn al Ashraf.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Abd'allah Ebn Salm
description: A Jew described in the commentary as intimate with Mohammed and as
repaying a loan of gold punctually.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Phineas Ebn Azra
description: A Jew described in the commentary as borrowing a dinar and denying
the debt.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Caab Ebn al Ashraf
description: An enemy of Mohammed and his religion in the commentary, said to have
recited hostile verses and then been killed.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Christians
description: A group discussed in the commentary and described as claiming that
Jesus commanded worship of him; two named Christians offer to worship Mohammed.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Jews
description: A group discussed in the commentary and addressed in the translated
passage with a challenge to bring and read the Pentateuch.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:10
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Prophets
description: Recipients of divine revelation; in commentary, their souls are said
by some to be present at Sinai for a covenant.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Moses
description: A prophet to whom law was given, and one of those named among recipients
of revelation.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Jesus
description: Named among those to whom revelation was delivered; also mentioned
in commentary concerning Christian claims about worship.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Abraham
description: Named among recipients of revelation and as the model of the orthodox,
non-idolatrous religion to be followed.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:11
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Believers / the resigned
description: Those who affirm belief in God and earlier revelations and say they
make no distinction among the prophets.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Infidels / unbelievers
description: Those described as becoming infidels after belief or dying in unbelief
and receiving punishment.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Repentant apostates
description: Those excepted from punishment if they repent after apostasy and amend.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:15
name_or_label: Children of Israel / Israel
description: The group associated with a food permission and prohibition before
the Pentateuch was sent down; Israel also appears as the one who forbade something
to himself.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
label: divine judge and sole recipient of worship
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God is to be worshipped exclusively, gives or withholds direction, curses
and punishes, accepts repentance, and knows alms.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: role:2
label: prophetic authority refusing worship
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The commentary says Mohammed answered that worship belongs only to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:3
label: recipient or bearer of divine revelation
assigned_to:
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
basis: The passage names prophets, Moses, and Jesus among those to whom revelation
was delivered.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:4
label: ancestral model of true religion
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: The passage commands following the religion of Abraham, described as orthodox
and non-idolatrous.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:5
label: scriptural community addressed or debated
assigned_to:
- fig:6
- fig:7
basis: The commentary and passage discuss Christians and Jews in relation to worship
claims, justice, and the Pentateuch.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:10
- id: role:6
label: condemned unbelievers
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: The passage describes infidels and those dying in unbelief as perishing,
cursed, and punished.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:7
label: honest debtor
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The commentary says Abd'allah Ebn Salm punctually repaid borrowed gold.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:8
label: unjust debtor
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The commentary says Phineas Ebn Azra denied a borrowed dinar.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:9
label: hostile poet or enemy
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The commentary calls Caab an inveterate enemy who recited verses against
Mohammed and was killed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:10
label: confessing believers
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: The translated speech affirms belief in God and revelations and resignation
to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:11
label: repentant exception
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: The passage exempts those who repent and amend from the preceding condemnation.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:12
label: community under food law
assigned_to:
- fig:15
basis: The passage concerns food permitted to the children of Israel and what Israel
forbade himself.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Mount Sinai
literal_form: mountain where God gave the law to Moses in the commentary
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:2
label: covenant at Sinai
literal_form: covenant entered into by prophets' souls according to some commentators
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:3
label: curse of God, angels, and mankind
literal_form: curse falling on apostates
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:4
label: world full of gold as rejected ransom
literal_form: a world full of gold offered as ransom but not accepted
associated_figures:
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:5
label: alms from beloved possessions
literal_form: giving in alms of that which one loves
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:6
label: Pentateuch
literal_form: scripture to be brought and read as proof
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:15
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:7
label: first house in Becca
literal_form: first house appointed for human worship, blessed and a direction to
all creatures
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: sym:8
label: food permitted and forbidden
literal_form: food permitted to children of Israel except what Israel forbade himself
associated_figures:
- fig:15
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Commentarial examples of debt and justice
summary: The commentary contrasts a punctually repaid gold loan with an alleged
denied debt.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:7
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Hostile poetry and killing of Caab
summary: The commentary narrates Caab's hostile verses after Bedr, Mohammed's anger,
a proscription, and Caab's death by a party sent against him.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Refusal of worship of Mohammed
summary: The commentary says Christians claimed Jesus commanded worship of him,
while two Christians offered to worship Mohammed; Mohammed refuses worship of
any besides God.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
- fig:10
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Prophets' covenant at Sinai
summary: Some commentators say all prophets' souls were present at Mount Sinai when
God gave Moses the law and entered a covenant.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:5
label: Confession of continuity of revelation
summary: The passage commands affirmation of belief in God and revelation to Abraham,
Israelite patriarchs, Moses, Jesus, and the prophets, without distinction among
them.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:6
label: Judgment on apostasy and unbelief
summary: The passage states that other religion is not accepted, apostates are cursed
and tormented unless they repent, and those dying in unbelief cannot ransom themselves
with gold.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:13
- fig:14
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: scene:7
label: Righteous almsgiving
summary: The passage says righteousness requires giving in alms from what one loves
and that God knows whatever is given.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:8
label: Food law and scriptural proof
summary: The passage refers to food permitted to the children of Israel, a self-imposed
prohibition by Israel before the Pentateuch, and a challenge to bring and read
the Pentateuch.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
- fig:15
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:9
label: Abrahamic religion and first house
summary: The passage commands following Abraham's non-idolatrous religion and identifies
the first house of worship as the blessed house in Becca.
figure_refs:
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: covenant at sacred mountain
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The commentary reports prophets' souls gathered at Mount Sinai when God gave
Moses the law and entered a covenant.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a commentarial report within the passage, not a direct line from
the translated Qur'anic verses in this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
label: divine judgment on apostasy and unbelief
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage describes rejection of other religion, curse, continuing torment,
accepted repentance for some, and punishment without helper for those dying in
unbelief.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The extraction is limited to the stated judgment language and does not
infer a full eschatological system beyond the excerpt.
- id: motif:3
label: repentance and amendment as exception to punishment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: After describing curse and torment, the passage excepts those who repent
and amend, stating that God is gracious and merciful.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: Treated as a subpattern of divine judgment rather than a separate taxonomy
item.
- id: motif:4
label: rejected ransom before divine judgment
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage says a world full of gold would not be accepted as ransom from
one dying in unbelief.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy reference to sacred exchange is approximate because the exchange
is explicitly rejected.
- id: motif:5
label: beloved possession given for righteousness
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: The passage states that righteousness is not attained until one gives in
alms from what one loves.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage frames this as almsgiving known by God; it does not describe
a ritual sacrifice.
- id: motif:6
label: continuity of revelation through prior prophets
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The passage commands belief in revelations given to Abraham, Ismael, Isaac,
Jacob, the tribes, Moses, Jesus, and the prophets, with no distinction among them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The covenant taxonomy is only indirectly relevant here; the direct language
concerns revelation and religious continuity.
- id: motif:7
label: primordial or first sanctuary
taxonomy_refs:
- world_center
basis: The passage identifies the first house appointed for human worship as the
blessed house in Becca and a direction to all creatures.
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
confidence: medium
cautions: The text says first house and direction to all creatures; broader world-center
interpretation requires review.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The commentarial note explicitly connects the story of prophets' souls at
Sinai entering a covenant with Talmudist tradition by saying it was borrowed from
the Talmudists.
claim_level: historical_contact
target: Talmudist tradition concerning Sinai and prophetic souls
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: This is Sale's/commentarial framing within the provided passage; the
extraction does not independently verify the alleged borrowing or identify a specific
Talmudic source.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage itself presents a continuity pattern between Islam and earlier
Abrahamic prophetic revelations by naming Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and the prophets
as recipients of revelation from the same Lord.
claim_level: same_function
target: Abrahamic scriptural-prophetic revelation pattern
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:11
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is a textual/theological comparison within the passage's named
figures and does not establish historical dependence beyond the passage.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 11389-11399
quote_or_summary: Commentary describes Abd'allah Ebn Salm, a Jew intimate with Mohammed,
repaying 1,200 ounces of gold punctually, and Phineas Ebn Azra allegedly denying
a borrowed dinar.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 11400-11417
quote_or_summary: Commentary says Caab Ebn al Ashraf was an enemy of Mohammed, recited
verses after Bedr against Mohammed, was proscribed, and was slain by Mohammed
Ebn Moslema in the third year of the Hejra.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 11423-11428
quote_or_summary: Commentary says Christians claimed Jesus commanded worship of
him; two Christians offered to worship Mohammed, who answered that only God should
be worshipped.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 11429-11435
quote_or_summary: Commentary says some interpret the covenant as involving Israel,
while others say all prophets' souls were present on Mount Sinai when God gave
Moses the law and entered the covenant; it calls the story borrowed from the Talmudists.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 11442-11446
quote_or_summary: The passage commands saying that believers believe in God and
in what was sent down to them and to Abraham, Ismael, Isaac, Jacob, the tribes,
Moses, Jesus, and the prophets, making no distinction among them and being resigned
to God.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 11447-11449
quote_or_summary: The passage states that any religion other than Islam will not
be accepted and that in the next life the person will be among those who perish.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 11450-11459
quote_or_summary: The passage asks how God will direct people who became infidels
after belief and witness; it says their reward is the curse of God, angels, and
mankind, enduring torment, except for those who repent and amend.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 11460-11463
quote_or_summary: The passage says those who disbelieve and die in unbelief will
not have a world full of gold accepted as ransom and will suffer grievous punishment
with no helper.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 11464-11465
quote_or_summary: The passage says righteousness will not be attained until one
gives in alms from what one loves, and God knows whatever is given.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 11466-11470
quote_or_summary: The passage says all food was permitted to the children of Israel
except what Israel forbade himself before the Pentateuch, and tells the Jews to
bring and read the Pentateuch if truthful.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 11471-11473
quote_or_summary: The passage says God is true and commands following the religion
of Abraham the orthodox, who was no idolater.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 11474-11476
quote_or_summary: The passage says the first house appointed for human worship was
in Becca, blessed and a direction to all creatures.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The excerpt combines translator/commentarial notes and translated Qur'anic
verses; observations distinguish these layers where possible. Some locator estimates
extend slightly beyond the supplied end line because the passage text includes
the final Becca sentence after the requested range.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Taxonomy references are limited to available motif families and symbols.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l11389-l11468
passage_sha256=1fa0395a892b7621a955632aaa2152d94575a9a8374b08887fd8384b50bd1bb8