Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11298-l11387

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11298-l11387

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11298-l11387
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER II. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER III. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 11298-11387
  start: '11298'
  end: '11387'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage argues with the people of scripture about Abraham, rejects
    claims that he was Jewish or Christian, identifies his true kin as those who follow
    him and the prophet, criticizes concealment or distortion of divine signs and
    scriptures, contrasts trustworthy and untrustworthy custodians of deposits, warns
    against selling God's covenant and oaths for a small price, denies that prophets
    would command worship of themselves, recalls God's covenant with the prophets
    to believe in and assist a coming apostle, and concludes that all in heaven and
    earth are resigned to God and will return to him.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The addressees who have received scriptures are questioned for disputing about
    Abraham, since the Law and the Gospel were sent down after him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Abraham is described as neither Jew nor Christian, but as one of the true
    religion, resigned unto God, and not among idolaters.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The nearest kin to Abraham are identified as those who follow him, the prophet,
    and those who believe on the prophet.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Some recipients of scripture are said to desire to seduce the believers, but
    are said to seduce only themselves.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The recipients of scripture are accused of not believing in God's signs, clothing
    truth with vanity, and knowingly hiding the truth.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Some recipients of scripture say to believe in what was sent down to the believers
    at the beginning of the day and deny it at the end of the day so that the believers
    may go back from their faith.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: God's direction is called the true direction, and excellence is said to be
    in God's hand to give to whom he pleases.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Among the people of scripture, one entrusted with a talent will restore it,
    while another entrusted with a dinar will not restore it unless pressed continually.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: Some say they are not obliged to observe justice with the heathen, and this
    is called a knowing lie against God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Whoever keeps his covenant and fears God is said to be loved by God.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Those who make merchandise of God's covenant and their oaths for a small price
    are denied a portion in the next life and threatened with grievous punishment.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: Some are said to read the scriptures perversely so that others may think the
    reading is in scripture, while they falsely say it is from God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:13
  text: A man given revelation, wisdom, and prophecy by God should not command people
    to worship him besides God, but should direct them to be perfect in knowledge
    and works.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:14
  text: God is said not to have commanded people to take angels and prophets as lords.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: obs:15
  text: 'God accepts the covenant of the prophets: after giving scripture and wisdom,
    a confirming apostle will come, and they must believe in and assist him.'
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: obs:16
  text: The prophets answer that they are firmly resolved, and God calls them witnesses
    while also bearing witness with them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:16
- id: obs:17
  text: Whoever turns back after this covenant is called a transgressor.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
- id: obs:18
  text: All in heaven or on earth are said to be resigned to God, voluntarily or by
    force, and to return to him.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:18
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine speaker and judge who knows, gives direction and mercy,
    accepts covenant, bears witness, loves the God-fearing, and receives the return
    of all in heaven and earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
  - ev:18
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: A prior patriarch described as neither Jew nor Christian, but resigned
    unto God and not an idolater.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: People who have received the scriptures
  description: The addressed group associated with the scriptures, some of whom dispute,
    conceal truth, seduce believers, manipulate belief, and read scripture perversely;
    some are also described as trustworthy or untrustworthy with deposits.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:12
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: This prophet
  description: The prophet whose believers are described as near kin to Abraham and
    whom the commentary identifies with Mohammed.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:19
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Believers
  description: Those who believe on the prophet and are warned about attempts to draw
    them back from their faith.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Prophets
  description: Recipients of God's covenant, scripture, and wisdom, required to believe
    in and assist a coming apostle.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Coming apostle
  description: An apostle who will come after the prophets, confirming the truth of
    the scripture with them.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Angels and prophets
  description: Beings whom God has not commanded people to take as lords.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: All in heaven or on earth
  description: All beings in heaven or on earth, resigned to God voluntarily or by
    force and returning to him.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:18
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine covenant-maker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God accepts the covenant of the prophets and sets its condition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
- id: role:2
  label: divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God denies a portion in the next life and threatens punishment for those
    who sell his covenant and oaths.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:3
  label: divine source of guidance and mercy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: True direction, excellence, and peculiar mercy are said to belong to God
    and be given by him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: exemplary monotheist ancestor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Abraham is described as of the true religion, resigned unto God, and not
    an idolater.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: scripture-bearing disputants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The addressees are questioned for disputing about Abraham and about matters
    they do not know.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: concealers or distorters of truth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They are accused of hiding truth, clothing truth with vanity, and reading
    scripture perversely.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
- id: role:7
  label: mixed custodians of trust
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: One restores an entrusted talent, while another fails to restore a dinar
    without pressure.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: prophet aligned with Abraham
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The prophet and those who believe on him are counted among those nearest
    to Abraham.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: faith community at risk of seduction
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Some scripture recipients plan a beginning-of-day belief and end-of-day denial
    so that believers may go back from their faith.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: covenant witnesses and recipients
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The prophets receive scripture and wisdom, accept the covenant, and answer
    that they are firmly resolved.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
- id: role:11
  label: confirming apostle
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The coming apostle confirms the truth of the scripture with the prophets.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: role:12
  label: forbidden objects of lordship
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: God has not commanded people to take the angels and the prophets for lords.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: role:13
  label: universal subjects returning to God
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: All in heaven or on earth are resigned to God and return to him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:18
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: scripture
  literal_form: Law, Gospel, book of revelations, scriptures, scripture and wisdom
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  - ev:15
- id: sym:2
  label: covenant
  literal_form: God's covenant; covenant of the prophets
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
- id: sym:3
  label: oaths sold for a small price
  literal_form: God's covenant and oaths made merchandise for a small price
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:4
  label: talent and dinar
  literal_form: A talent and a dinar entrusted to recipients of scripture
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:5
  label: God's hand
  literal_form: Excellence is in the hand of God
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: beginning and end of the day
  literal_form: Believe at the beginning of the day and deny at the end thereof
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: day of resurrection
  literal_form: The day of resurrection
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Dispute over Abraham's religious identity
  summary: The passage challenges scripture recipients for disputing about Abraham,
    states that the Law and Gospel came after him, and describes Abraham as neither
    Jew nor Christian but resigned to God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Abrahamic kinship of followers and prophet
  summary: Those nearest to Abraham are identified as his followers, the prophet,
    and those who believe on the prophet, with God as patron of the faithful.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Concealment and manipulation of belief
  summary: Some recipients of scripture are accused of seducing believers, hiding
    truth, and planning to affirm revelation in the morning but deny it later in order
    to make believers turn back.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Divine direction and mercy
  summary: The passage declares God's direction to be true direction and says excellence
    and special mercy are given by God to whom he pleases.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Trust, justice, and covenant-breaking
  summary: The passage contrasts trustworthy and untrustworthy holders of deposits,
    rejects injustice toward heathen as a lie against God, praises covenant-keeping,
    and warns that selling God's covenant and oaths brings loss in the next life and
    punishment on the day of resurrection.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: scene:6
  label: Perverse reading and refusal of self-worship
  summary: Some are accused of reading scripture perversely and falsely claiming it
    is from God, while a true recipient of revelation, wisdom, and prophecy should
    not command worship of himself or of angels and prophets as lords.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
- id: scene:7
  label: Covenant of the prophets
  summary: God accepts the covenant of the prophets, requiring them to believe in
    and assist a future apostle who confirms their scripture; the prophets affirm
    the covenant and are made witnesses.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
  - ev:17
- id: scene:8
  label: Universal resignation and return
  summary: The passage asks whether any religion other than God's is sought, since
    all in heaven or on earth are resigned to him and shall return to him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:18
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine covenant with prophets
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: God accepts a covenant from the prophets to believe in and assist a coming
    apostle, and witnesses are invoked.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
  - ev:17
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage names a covenant explicitly; broader covenant typology should
    be reviewed in Qur'anic context.
- id: motif:2
  label: Abraham as primordial monotheist ancestor
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Abraham is described as prior to the Law and Gospel, neither Jew nor Christian,
    resigned to God, and the spiritual kin of the prophet's followers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No provided taxonomy family exactly matches this Abrahamic identity motif.
- id: motif:3
  label: concealed or corrupted revelation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  - wisdom
  basis: Recipients of scripture are accused of hiding truth, clothing truth with
    vanity, and reading scripture perversely while claiming it is from God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage concerns concealed or distorted revealed knowledge, not a
    narrative quest for forbidden knowledge.
- id: motif:4
  label: faith tested by deceptive imitation
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Some scripture recipients are said to plan belief at the beginning of the
    day and denial at the end to make believers turn back from their faith.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a polemical report of deception rather than a developed mythic
    trial narrative.
- id: motif:5
  label: judgment for covenant betrayal
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - covenant
  basis: Those who sell God's covenant and oaths for a small price are denied a portion
    in the next life and threatened with punishment on the day of resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The judgment is doctrinal and admonitory, not narrated as a scene of judgment
    unfolding.
- id: motif:6
  label: universal return to God
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: All in heaven or on earth are said to be resigned to God and to return to
    him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:18
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference 'return' is broad; the passage frames return as
    theological destiny rather than a hero's return.
- id: motif:7
  label: resurrection-day accountability
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage refers to the next life and the day of resurrection when covenant-sellers
    will not be regarded or cleansed by God and will suffer punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives a warning about resurrection rather than a detailed
    resurrection narrative.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11298-11304
  quote_or_summary: The people of scripture are asked why they dispute about Abraham
    when the Law and Gospel were sent down after him, and why they dispute about what
    they do not know; God knows and they do not.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: line 11305
  quote_or_summary: "“Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian; but he was of the
    true religion, one resigned unto God, and was not of the number of the idolaters.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11306-11308
  quote_or_summary: Those nearest of kin to Abraham are said to be those who follow
    him, this prophet, and the believers; God is patron of the faithful.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11309-11310
  quote_or_summary: Some who received scriptures desire to seduce the believers, but
    are said only to seduce themselves.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11311-11314
  quote_or_summary: The people of scripture are asked why they disbelieve God's signs,
    clothe truth with vanity, and knowingly hide truth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11315-11318
  quote_or_summary: Some people of scripture say to believe in the believers' revelation
    at the beginning of the day and deny it at the end so that the believers may return
    from their faith.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11319-11325
  quote_or_summary: The true direction is God's direction; excellence is in God's
    hand, and he gives it and peculiar mercy to whom he pleases.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11349-11353
  quote_or_summary: Among the people of scripture, one entrusted with a talent restores
    it, while another entrusted with a dinar does not restore it unless pressed continually.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11354-11355
  quote_or_summary: Their conduct is attributed to saying that they need not observe
    justice with heathen, which is called a knowing lie against God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11356-11357
  quote_or_summary: Whoever keeps his covenant and fears God is loved by God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11358-11361
  quote_or_summary: Those who make merchandise of God's covenant and oaths for a small
    price will have no portion in the next life; God will not speak to, regard, or
    cleanse them on the day of resurrection, and they will suffer punishment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11362-11365
  quote_or_summary: Some read scripture perversely so that others think it is in scripture,
    and say it is from God though it is not, speaking falsehood knowingly.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11366-11370
  quote_or_summary: A man to whom God gives revelation, wisdom, and prophecy should
    not command worship of himself besides God, but should urge knowledge and works
    because of the scriptures.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11371-11372
  quote_or_summary: God has not commanded people to take angels and prophets for lords.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:15
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11373-11379
  quote_or_summary: God accepts the covenant of the prophets, saying he has given
    scripture and wisdom and that a later apostle will come confirming their scripture;
    they must believe in and assist him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:16
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11379-11382
  quote_or_summary: God asks whether they accept the covenant; they answer that they
    are firmly resolved, and God says to be witnesses and that he also bears witness
    with them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:17
  type: summary
  locator: line 11383
  quote_or_summary: Whoever turns back after this is called a transgressor.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:18
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11384-11387
  quote_or_summary: The passage asks whether another religion than God's is sought,
    since all in heaven or on earth are resigned to him, voluntarily or by force,
    and shall return to him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:19
  type: note
  locator: footnote i, lines 11331-11332
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note says the Jews and Christians are accused of stifling
    prophecies concerning Mohammed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized note.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage and notes. Motif assignment
    is clearest for explicit covenant, judgment, and resurrection themes; broader
    symbolic readings are more tentative. No comparison claims were added because
    the passage does not itself support an external comparative claim.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Footnotes were treated as source metadata within the supplied passage and used only where they clarified named figures or commentary context.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l11298-l11387
  passage_sha256=c12dc6737e46c9152ecef6195e6e3fb4e3fa28f0cd90343c4b221243ecb1dee8