batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11221-l11295
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l11221-l11295
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER II. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD. / CHAPTER III. / IN THE
NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 11221-11295
start: '11221'
end: '11295'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: Verily the likeness of Jesus in the sight of GOD is as the likeness of Adam;
he created him out of the dust, and then said unto him, Be; and he was.
summary: God addresses Jesus, promising death or taking up, deliverance from unbelievers,
eventual return and judgment. The passage contrasts punishment for infidels with
reward for believers, likens Jesus to Adam as a being produced by God's command,
proposes a mutual imprecation for disputants, and calls the people of scripture
to worship God alone without associating creatures or taking one another as lords.
Notes report variant interpretations of Jesus' assumption, death, restoration
to life, and a reported Najran imprecation episode.
language: English
quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: God says to Jesus that he will cause him to die, take him up, deliver him
from unbelievers, and later judge disagreements after return to God.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Infidels are said to receive grievous punishment in this world and the next,
without helpers.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Those who believe and do right are said to receive their reward.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Jesus is explicitly likened to Adam, who is described as created from dust
by God's command, “Be.”
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Disputants concerning Jesus are instructed to gather sons, wives, and selves
and invoke God's curse on liars.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: 'The people who have received scripture are called to a shared determination:
worship God alone, associate no creature with him, and not take one another as
lords beside God.'
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: 'A note reports multiple interpretations of Jesus'' taking up: assumption
before death, lifting while asleep, spiritual death to worldly desires, or natural
death followed by restoration to life and taking up to heaven.'
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: A note reports traditions that Jesus was taken up by Gabriel or by a strong
whirlwind from Mount Olivet.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:9
text: A note reports a story in which Najran Christians disputed with Mohammed about
Jesus, agreed to an imprecation trial, but declined after seeing Mohammed kneel
to pray and submitted to tribute.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: Divine speaker who addresses Jesus, creates Adam, commands, rewards,
punishes, and judges disputes.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Jesus
description: Figure addressed by God; said to be caused to die or taken up, delivered
from unbelievers, and likened to Adam.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Unbelievers / infidels
description: Those from whom Jesus is delivered and who are threatened with punishment.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Believers / followers of Jesus
description: Those who follow Jesus are placed above unbelievers until the day of
resurrection; those who believe and do right receive reward.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Adam
description: Created from dust by God's immediate command and used as the likeness
for Jesus.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: People who have received scripture
description: Addressed as recipients of scripture and invited to agree to worship
only God.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Disputants concerning Jesus
description: Persons who dispute after knowledge is given and are invited to a mutual
imprecation.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: In the note, he disputes with Najran Christians, attends the imprecation
meeting, kneels to pray, and is not cursed by them.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Najran Christians and Abu Hareth
description: In the note, Christian ambassadors with their bishop Abu Hareth dispute
with Mohammed about religion and Jesus.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Fatima, Ali, Hasan, and Hosein
description: In the note, Mohammed is accompanied by his daughter, son-in-law, and
two grandsons at the imprecation episode.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Gabriel
description: In one reported tradition, the minister by whom Jesus was taken up.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
label: divine speaker
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God speaks commands and declarations in the passage.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: role:2
label: judge and rewarder-punisher
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God will judge disagreements, punish infidels, and reward believers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:3
label: creator by command
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God creates Adam from dust and says “Be.”
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: taken-up or assumed figure
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Jesus is promised to be taken up to God; notes elaborate variants of assumption.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:5
label: opponents subject to punishment
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Unbelievers oppose Jesus and infidels are threatened with punishment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: rewarded faithful
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Followers and believers are promised superiority or reward.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:7
label: primordial created human
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Adam is described as created from dust by God's command.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:8
label: miraculously likened figure
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Jesus is likened to Adam in relation to God's creative power.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:9
label: scripture-receiving community
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: They are addressed as those who have received scripture.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:10
label: religious disputants
assigned_to:
- fig:7
- fig:9
basis: The passage and note describe dispute concerning Jesus and religion.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:8
- id: role:11
label: prophetic participant in imprecation trial
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: The note describes Mohammed meeting the disputants for the trial and praying.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:12
label: kin witnesses or companions
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: The note lists family members accompanying Mohammed to the imprecation episode.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:13
label: angelic minister of ascent
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: One tradition in the note says Jesus was taken up by Gabriel's ministry.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: dust of creation
literal_form: dust
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:2
label: creative word
literal_form: the command “Be”
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: taking up to God or heaven
literal_form: being taken up unto God / into heaven
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- id: sym:4
label: day of resurrection
literal_form: the day of resurrection
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:5
label: curse in ordeal of truth
literal_form: laying the curse of God on those who lie
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:8
- id: sym:6
label: Mount Olivet
literal_form: Mount Olivet
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:7
label: strong whirlwind
literal_form: a strong whirlwind
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Divine address to Jesus
summary: God tells Jesus that he will cause him to die or be taken up, deliver him
from unbelievers, exalt his followers over unbelievers until resurrection, and
judge disputes after return to God.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Punishment and reward declaration
summary: Infidels are threatened with grievous punishment in this world and the
next, while believers who do right are promised reward.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Jesus likened to Adam
summary: The text states that Jesus is like Adam in God's sight because Adam was
created from dust by the command “Be.”
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Mutual imprecation instruction
summary: Those disputing about Jesus are told to gather family groups and invoke
God's curse on liars.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:5
label: Appeal to the people of scripture
summary: The people of scripture are invited to a common agreement to worship only
God, associate no creature with him, and not take one another as lords beside
God.
figure_refs:
- fig:6
- fig:1
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:6
label: Reported variants of Jesus' assumption
summary: The note reports differing views that Jesus was assumed without dying,
lifted while asleep, spiritually dead to worldly desire, naturally dead and restored
to life, or taken up by Gabriel or a whirlwind from Mount Olivet.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:7
label: Najran imprecation episode
summary: A note recounts that Najran Christians disputed with Mohammed about Jesus,
agreed to an imprecation trial, but withdrew after seeing him kneel to pray and
submitted to tribute.
figure_refs:
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine assumption or ascent of a holy figure
taxonomy_refs:
- ascent
basis: Jesus is said to be taken up unto God, and notes describe his assumption
into heaven by Gabriel or a whirlwind.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: The main passage states taking up unto God; details of means and timing
come from translator's notes and reported commentarial traditions.
- id: motif:2
label: divine judgment after return
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage says all return to God, who will judge disagreements, punish
infidels, and reward believers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: This is a doctrinal judgment motif in the passage, not a narrative trial
scene except in the later imprecation note.
- id: motif:3
label: creation by divine word from dust
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_birth
basis: Adam is created from dust by God's command “Be,” and Jesus is likened to
Adam with respect to divine creative power.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: medium
cautions: The available taxonomy lacks a direct 'creation from clay/dust' motif;
'sacred_birth' is used cautiously because the passage frames miraculous production
rather than ordinary birth.
- id: motif:4
label: death and restoration before heavenly taking-up
taxonomy_refs:
- death_rebirth
- resurrection
basis: One note reports traditions that Jesus died naturally for several hours,
was restored to life, and then taken up to heaven.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: This motif appears in a reported interpretive tradition in the note, not
unambiguously in the main translated verse.
- id: motif:5
label: ordeal by mutual curse to reveal liars
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Disputants are instructed to gather families and invoke God's curse on those
who lie; the note narrates an avoided imprecation trial.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents an imprecation procedure, not a completed supernatural
ordeal.
- id: motif:6
label: monotheistic covenantal agreement with scripture communities
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The people of scripture are invited to a just agreement to worship only God,
associate no creature with him, and not take one another as lords beside God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The term covenant is not used in the passage; the motif is inferred from
the formal call to shared religious terms.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage explicitly compares Jesus with Adam in relation to miraculous
production by God's immediate command.
claim_level: same_function
target: Adam as primordial created human
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The comparison is limited to the passage's stated likeness and does
not establish identity or a broader shared biography.
- id: claim:2
claim: The note compares or aligns interpretations of Jesus' taking up with an assumption
pattern in which a holy figure is removed from earth to heaven rather than remaining
among enemies.
claim_level: same_motif
target: assumption/ascent of a holy figure
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The details are attributed to differing commentators and traditions,
and the main verse does not specify the mechanism of ascent.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: quote
locator: 11221-11225
quote_or_summary: 'God says to Jesus: “I will cause thee to die ... take thee up
unto me ... deliver thee from the unbelievers,” and later judge disputes after
return to him.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: 11226-11230
quote_or_summary: Infidels are threatened with grievous punishment in this world
and the next; believers who do right are promised reward.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: 11232-11234
quote_or_summary: "“the likeness of Jesus ... is as the likeness of Adam; he created
him out of the dust, and then said unto him, Be; and he was.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 11236-11240
quote_or_summary: Disputants concerning Jesus are told to gather sons, wives, and
selves and lay God's curse on those who lie.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 11244-11249
quote_or_summary: People who have received scripture are called to agree to worship
only God, associate no creature with him, and not take one another as lords beside
God.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 11251-11268 note x
quote_or_summary: The note reports views that Jesus was taken up without dying,
will die after returning before the last day, was lifted while asleep, died spiritually
to worldly desires, or naturally died briefly, was restored to life, and taken
up to heaven.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 11269-11271 note y
quote_or_summary: The note says some report Jesus was taken up by Gabriel, while
others say a strong whirlwind took him from Mount Olivet.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 11276-11286 note c
quote_or_summary: A note recounts that Christians from Najran, with Bishop Abu Hareth,
disputed with Mohammed about Jesus, agreed to an imprecation trial, saw Mohammed
with Fatima, Ali, Hasan, and Hosein praying, declined to curse him, and submitted
to tribute.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Main-passage observations are straightforward. Motif labels involving death-rebirth,
resurrection, and ascent partly rely on translator notes reporting variant traditions,
so they require review.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Available taxonomy references were applied only where directly supportable or cautiously indicated.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l11221-l11295
passage_sha256=e15cddff27ddc5c51c544cf4324f6928493796a33c4add072bbd90fefd663c14