Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l10531-l10589

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l10531-l10589

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l10531-l10589
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER I. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD / CHAPTER II. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 10531-10589
  start: '10531'
  end: '10589'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Sale translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'Abraham asks God to show him how the dead will be raised. God instructs
    him to divide four birds, place parts on mountains, and call them so they come
    swiftly to him. The passage then gives exhortations and similes about almsgiving:
    charitable spending is compared to multiplying grain; sincere giving is rewarded,
    while hypocritical or reproachful giving is compared to earth washed from a flint
    and to a fruitful garden destroyed by fiery wind. Notes identify commentator traditions
    about the birds and compare the bird episode to Genesis 15.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Abraham asks God to show him how God will raise the dead, saying that he asks
    so his heart may rest at ease.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: God tells Abraham to take four birds, divide them, place a part on every mountain,
    and then call them; the birds will come swiftly to him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage compares spending substance for the religion of God to a grain
    of corn producing seven ears, each with one hundred grains.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Those who give for God's religion without following the gift with reproaches
    or mischief are promised reward with their Lord and freedom from fear and grief.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Alms made ineffective by reproach, mischief, display before men, and unbelief
    are compared to earth on a flint being washed away by violent rain, leaving the
    flint hard.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Those who give from desire to please God and establish their souls are compared
    to a garden on a hill that bears fruit twofold with rain or dew.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: A garden of palm-trees and vines with rivers and fruits is imagined as being
    struck by a violent fiery wind and burned while its owner is old and has weak
    offspring.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: A note reports commentator details that the four birds were identified as
    an eagle or dove, a peacock, a raven, and a cock, cut up and later restored to
    their first shape and joined to their heads.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: A note states that the bird episode seems to be taken from Abraham's sacrifice
    of birds mentioned by Moses, with additional circumstances.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: The figure who asks God to show him how the dead will be raised and
    who is instructed to divide and call the birds.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine speaker who answers Abraham, gives the bird instruction,
    and is described as mighty, wise, bounteous, rich, merciful, and seeing what people
    do.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Four birds
  description: Birds taken and divided by Abraham, with parts placed on mountains
    and called back to him; commentator notes identify several bird types and describe
    their restoration.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: True believers
  description: The addressed audience instructed not to invalidate alms by reproaches
    or mischief and to give from good things gained.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Hypocritical giver
  description: A person who gives to appear before men, does not believe in God and
    the last day, and whose alms are compared to earth washed from flint.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Sincere givers
  description: Those who lay out their substance from a desire to please God and establish
    their souls.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Old garden owner with weak offspring
  description: An imagined person who has a fruitful garden, reaches old age, has
    weak offspring, and then sees the garden burned by fiery wind.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: requester of resurrection demonstration
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Abraham asks God to show him how the dead will be raised.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: divine instructor and reward-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: God answers Abraham, gives instructions for the birds, and promises reward
    or speaks through moral signs about giving.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: dismembered and restored creatures
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The birds are divided, placed on mountains, called, and described in notes
    as returning to their first shape.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: addressed moral audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The passage addresses true believers and instructs them about almsgiving.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
- id: role:5
  label: giver whose alms are invalidated
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: This figure gives to appear before men and is compared to a rain-stripped
    flint.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: giver seeking divine pleasure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: These givers spend from a desire to please God and are compared to a fruitful
    garden.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: vulnerable owner in parable
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The imagined garden owner is old, has weak offspring, and loses the garden
    to fiery wind.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: mountains holding bird parts
  literal_form: mountain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: four divided birds
  literal_form: four birds divided and called back
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: sym:3
  label: multiplying grain
  literal_form: grain of corn producing seven ears and one hundred grains in each
    ear
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: rain-stripped flint
  literal_form: flint covered with earth, struck by violent rain and left hard
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: fruitful hill garden
  literal_form: garden on a hill watered by violent rain or dew and bringing forth
    fruit twofold
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: garden with rivers burned by fiery wind
  literal_form: garden of palm-trees and vines with flowing rivers, burned by a violent
    fiery wind
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Abraham asks about raising the dead
  summary: Abraham asks God to show how the dead will be raised; God questions his
    belief, Abraham explains his request, and God gives an instruction involving four
    birds, mountains, and a call.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Similes of almsgiving and reward
  summary: The passage compares sincere charitable spending to multiplying grain and
    a fruitful hill garden, while warning that reproachful or hypocritical giving
    is ineffective.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:3
  label: Burned garden warning
  summary: An imagined prosperous garden with rivers and fruits is destroyed by fiery
    wind when its owner is old and has weak offspring; the passage presents this as
    a sign for consideration.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:4
  label: Commentarial restoration of the birds
  summary: A note gives later commentator details about the species of the birds,
    their cutting and mixing, placement on mountains, and restoration when called.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: demonstration of resurrection through divided birds
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: Abraham asks how the dead will be raised, and God provides a demonstration
    using divided birds that come swiftly when called; the note elaborates their restoration.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The main passage gives a terse instruction and outcome; detailed restoration
    mechanics come from the translator's note about commentators.
- id: motif:2
  label: divine reward for sincere giving
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The passage promises reward and absence of fear or grief to those who give
    without reproach or mischief and compares sincere giving to fruitful abundance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage is primarily moral exhortation; 'sacred_exchange' is an interpretive
    taxonomy fit rather than an explicit label.
- id: motif:3
  label: failed offering or charity nullified by hypocrisy
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Alms given for display and followed by reproach or mischief are said to be
    of no effect and likened to soil washed from hard flint.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not narrate a full judgment scene; judgment is expressed
    through moral warning and simile.
- id: motif:4
  label: prosperous garden destroyed by fiery wind
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage presents a garden with palms, vines, rivers, and fruits being
    burned by a violent fiery wind, as a warning image for reflection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: No available motif family precisely matches this parable image; it should
    remain a candidate motif pending review.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage's bird episode is explicitly compared in the supplied note to
    Abraham's sacrifice of birds mentioned by Moses, identified as Genesis 15, with
    additional circumstances.
  claim_level: visual_similarity
  target: Abraham's sacrifice of birds in Genesis 15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is from the supplied translator/commentarial note, not
    from the main Qur'anic passage itself; it states 'seems to be taken' rather than
    proving historical dependence.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10531-10534
  quote_or_summary: Abraham asks God to show how the dead will be raised; when asked
    whether he believes, he answers that he does but wants his heart to rest at ease.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10534-10537
  quote_or_summary: God instructs Abraham to take four birds, divide them, place parts
    on mountains, call them, and they will come swiftly; God is described as mighty
    and wise.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10538-10541
  quote_or_summary: Spending substance for God's religion is compared to a grain producing
    seven ears, each with one hundred grains; God gives twofold to whom he pleases.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10542-10547
  quote_or_summary: Those who give for God's religion without reproaches or mischief
    receive reward with their Lord and are free from fear and grief; fair speech and
    forgiveness are better than alms followed by mischief.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10548-10555
  quote_or_summary: Believers are told not to nullify alms by reproach or mischief
    like one who gives for public display and lacks belief; this person is likened
    to flint covered with earth, washed by violent rain and left hard.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10556-10561
  quote_or_summary: Those who give to please God and establish their souls are likened
    to a garden on a hill that bears fruit twofold under violent rain, or under dew
    if no heavy rain falls.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10562-10567
  quote_or_summary: A person is asked to imagine a garden of palms and vines with
    rivers and fruits, then old age and weak offspring, and then the garden burned
    by violent fiery wind.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: note z, lines 10575-10583
  quote_or_summary: The note reports commentator identifications of the birds and
    describes Abraham cutting and mixing them, placing four parts on mountains, calling
    them by name, and the parts rejoining into their first shape with their heads.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: note after z, lines 10584-10586
  quote_or_summary: The note says the episode seems to be taken from Abraham's sacrifice
    of birds mentioned by Moses, with additional circumstances, and cites Genesis
    15.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10568-10570
  quote_or_summary: True believers are instructed to give alms from the good things
    they have gained and from what God has produced from the earth, not choosing the
    bad for alms.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The main resurrection and almsgiving images are explicit. Some motif taxonomy
    assignments are interpretive and should be reviewed. The comparison claim relies
    on the supplied note rather than the main passage.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage text and metadata were used. Taxonomy references were limited to the provided available motif families and symbols.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l10531-l10589
  passage_sha256=c12b8264596459de818eac84d6b59f21cefa9367cede977477d185653a259841