Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l10133-l10199

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l10133-l10199

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l10133-l10199
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER I. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD / CHAPTER II. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 10133-10199
  start: '10133'
  end: '10199'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage gives answers to questions about fighting in the sacred month,
    apostasy, migration and fighting for God’s cause, wine and games of chance, almsgiving,
    orphans, marriage with idolaters, menstruation, marital intercourse, devotion
    or charity, fear of God, and the expected meeting with God. It contrasts hell
    fire with paradise and pardon, and includes translator notes on wine, lots, orphans,
    menstruation, and marital conduct.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: War in the sacred month is described as grievous, while obstructing God’s
    way, unbelief, barring access to the holy temple, expelling God’s people, and
    temptation to idolatry are described as more grievous.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Those who turn back from their religion and die as infidels are said to have
    vain works in this world and the next and to remain forever as companions of hell
    fire.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Those who believe, flee for religion, and fight in God’s cause are said to
    hope for God’s mercy.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Wine and lots are described as containing great sin and some use for humans,
    with sinfulness greater than their use.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The answer about alms says to bestow what one has to spare.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Righteous dealing with orphans is described as best, and those managing what
    belongs to orphans are warned not to wrong them.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Marriage between believers and idolaters is prohibited until the idolaters
    believe; believing servants are said to be better than pleasing idolaters.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Idolaters are said to invite toward hell fire, while God invites toward paradise
    and pardon.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: Menstruation is described as a pollution; men are told to separate themselves
    from women during their courses until they are cleansed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Wives are described as tillage, and the faithful are told to fear God and
    know that they must meet him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Translator notes explain that wine includes strong and inebriating liquors,
    and that lots refers to games of chance or hazard.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The deity who judges grievous acts, gives signs, knows corrupt and
    righteous dealing, invites to paradise and pardon, loves repentance and cleanliness,
    and will be met by the faithful.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: thee
  description: The addressed recipient who is asked questions and instructed to answer
    them.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: questioners
  description: Unspecified people who ask concerning the sacred month, wine and lots,
    alms, orphans, and women’s courses.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: believers / faithful
  description: Those who believe, may flee for religion and fight in God’s cause,
    are addressed in rules about marriage and conduct, and receive good tidings.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: infidels / idolaters
  description: Those associated with unbelief, idolatry, fighting against believers,
    and inviting toward hell fire.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: orphans
  description: Persons whose property may be managed by others and who are called
    brethren.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: women / wives
  description: Women addressed in rules about marriage, menstruation, cleansing, and
    marital relations; wives are described as tillage.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God evaluates acts as grievous, knows the corrupt and righteous, and is associated
    with future meeting and recompense.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
- id: role:2
  label: divine lawgiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The answers present commands and prohibitions as God’s signs and commands.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: role:3
  label: giver of mercy and pardon
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is described as gracious and merciful and as inviting to paradise and
    pardon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: instructed respondent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage repeatedly says that people ask the addressed figure and commands
    him to answer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: petitioners asking legal-religious questions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They ask about sacred time, wine and lots, alms, orphans, and menstruation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:6
  label: obedient community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Believers are instructed about conduct and are promised hope for mercy and
    good tidings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: role:7
  label: religious opponents
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Infidels and idolaters are associated with opposition, apostasy, prohibited
    marriage, and invitation toward hell fire.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: protected vulnerable persons
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The passage requires righteous dealing with orphans and warns against wronging
    them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: regulated marital partners
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Women and wives appear in rules about marriage eligibility, menstruation,
    cleansing, and marital intercourse.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: hell fire
  literal_form: fire of hell
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: paradise and pardon
  literal_form: paradise and pardon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:3
  label: sacred month
  literal_form: sacred month
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:4
  label: holy temple
  literal_form: holy temple
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:5
  label: wine
  literal_form: wine / strong and inebriating liquors
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:11
- id: sym:6
  label: lots
  literal_form: lots / games of chance or hazard
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:12
- id: sym:7
  label: tillage image
  literal_form: wives as tillage
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Answer about fighting in the sacred month
  summary: The addressed figure is told to answer that fighting in the sacred month
    is grievous, but religious obstruction, unbelief, exclusion from the holy temple,
    expulsion, and temptation to idolatry are more grievous.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Apostasy, hell fire, and mercy for believers
  summary: The passage states that those who abandon religion and die as infidels
    lose their works and remain in hell fire, while believers who flee and fight for
    God’s cause hope for God’s mercy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Answers about wine, lots, alms, and orphans
  summary: The passage gives rulings on wine and lots, almsgiving from surplus, and
    righteous treatment of orphans and their property.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Marriage boundary and opposed invitations
  summary: Believers are prohibited from marrying idolaters until they believe; idolaters
    are said to invite toward hell fire, while God invites toward paradise and pardon.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:5
  label: Menstruation, cleansing, and marital conduct
  summary: The passage instructs separation during women’s courses until cleansing,
    describes wives as tillage, and tells the faithful to fear God and know they must
    meet him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment with afterlife recompense
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage contrasts the fate of apostates who remain in hell fire with
    God’s invitation to paradise and pardon, and tells the faithful they must meet
    God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is primarily legal and exhortative rather than a narrative
    judgment scene.
- id: motif:2
  label: sacred boundary and transgression
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage marks the sacred month and holy temple as protected contexts
    and ranks violations involving worship, expulsion, and idolatry as especially
    grievous.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names sacred time or sanctuary boundary.
- id: motif:3
  label: purity, separation, and cleansing
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage treats menstruation as a pollution, requires separation until
    cleansing, and says God loves those who repent and are clean.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a legal-purity instruction, not a developed mythic episode.
- id: motif:4
  label: divine guidance through signs
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: God is said to show or declare signs so that people may think and remember.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The wisdom taxonomy link is general; the passage does not personify wisdom
    or narrate a quest for it.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10133-10140
  quote_or_summary: Question and answer concerning war in the sacred month; war is
    grievous, but obstruction of God’s way, unbelief, exclusion from the holy temple,
    expulsion of God’s people, and temptation to idolatry are more grievous.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10140-10144
  quote_or_summary: Opponents will not cease fighting until believers are turned from
    religion; those who turn back and die as infidels have vain works in this world
    and the next and remain forever in hell fire.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10145-10147
  quote_or_summary: Those who believe, flee for religion, and fight in God’s cause
    may hope for God’s mercy; God is gracious and merciful.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10148-10151
  quote_or_summary: Question and answer concerning wine and lots; both contain great
    sin and some use, but their sinfulness is greater than their use.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10151-10154
  quote_or_summary: Question about what to bestow in alms; the answer is what one
    has to spare, and God shows signs so people may think about this world and the
    next.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10154-10159
  quote_or_summary: Question about orphans; righteous dealing is best, those managing
    their property must not wrong them, they are brethren, and God knows the corrupt
    dealer from the righteous.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10160-10166
  quote_or_summary: Believers are told not to marry idolatrous women or give believing
    women to idolaters until the idolaters believe; believing servants are better
    than pleasing idolaters.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: line 10167
  quote_or_summary: "“They invite unto hell fire, but GOD inviteth unto paradise and
    pardon”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short quotation.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10169-10174
  quote_or_summary: Question about women’s courses; they are called a pollution, and
    men are instructed to separate from women during them until cleansing; God loves
    those who repent and are clean.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10175-10178
  quote_or_summary: Wives are described as tillage; the faithful are told to perform
    a profitable act for their souls, fear God, know they must meet him, and receive
    good tidings.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10179-10180
  quote_or_summary: 'Translator note: under the name of wine, all strong and inebriating
    liquors are included.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10181-10185
  quote_or_summary: 'Translator note: al Meiser properly signifies a game with arrows
    used by pagan Arabs; lots here is understood as games of chance or hazard.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage is explicit. Motif candidates
    are more cautious because the passage is mostly legal-exhortative rather than
    mythic narrative. No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does
    not establish a specific cross-textual comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used; translator footnotes were treated as evidence for lexical clarification where relevant.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l10133-l10199
  passage_sha256=67964dc6492b478b2a8f0d819111fba6a7f4d50e222df8848eea1b6db148f36f