Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l2975-l3208

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l2975-l3208

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l2975-l3208
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
  label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
    PREFACE; lines 2975-3208
  start: '2975'
  end: '3208'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage describes an imminent Day of Severing or Severance, cosmic
    disruption, divine judgment, the assembly of people and ancestors, punishment
    of deniers in Hell, and reward of the God-fearing in gardens, shade, fountains,
    fruits, and drink. It also presents created order—earth, mountains, heavens, rain,
    crops, night, day, and human sexes—as signs, and describes the trumpet blast,
    opened heavens, moving mountains, written deeds, the Spirit and Angels arrayed,
    and the unbeliever wishing to be dust.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage states that what is promised is imminent and connects it with
    stars being blotted out, heaven being cleft, mountains being scattered in dust,
    and a time assigned to the Apostles.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The day is repeatedly called the day of severing or Severance, and deniers
    are addressed with repeated woes.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: obs:3
  text: The divine speaker says earlier peoples were destroyed and that later evildoers
    will follow them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: Human creation is described as from a small germ placed in a secure place
    until a decreed birth term.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The earth is described as holding the living and the dead, with tall firm
    mountains and sweet water provided for drinking.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Deniers are commanded to go to Hell and to triple shadows that do not protect
    against flame; sparks from the fire are compared to towers and tawny camels.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: On that day the condemned do not speak and are not permitted to offer excuses.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: The divine speaker says people and ancestors will be assembled on the day
    of severing.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: The God-fearing are placed among shades, fountains, desired fruits, and are
    told to eat and drink in health as recompense for their toils.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: Sura LXXVIII describes the earth as a couch, mountains as tent-stakes, humans
    as created in two sexes, sleep as rest, night as a mantle, day for livelihood,
    seven solid heavens, a burning lamp, rainwater, crops, herbs, and wooded gardens.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: At the day of Severance, a trumpet blast occurs, people come in crowds, heaven
    is opened with portals, and mountains move and become thin vapour.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: Hell is described as a place of snares and the home of transgressors, where
    they taste no coolness or drink except boiling water and running sores.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:13
  text: The passage says the deeds or signs were recorded and written down, and that
    a person will see what his hands have sent before him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: obs:14
  text: For the God-fearing, the passage describes a blissful abode with enclosed
    gardens, vineyards, companions of equal age, a full cup, and no vain or false
    speech.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:15
  text: The Spirit and the Angels stand ranged in order, and speech is allowed only
    to one permitted by the God of Mercy who says what is right.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:16
  text: The unbeliever is described as saying that he wishes he were dust.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Divine speaker / God of Mercy / Lord
  description: The speaker who creates, warns, assembles, recompenses, records, and
    permits speech on the final day.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Those who charged with imposture / transgressors / unbeliever
  description: The deniers and evildoers addressed with woes and assigned punishment
    in Hell; one unbeliever wishes to be dust.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: God-fearing / good
  description: The righteous group rewarded with shade, fountains, fruits, gardens,
    vineyards, and drink.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Apostles
  description: Apostles for whom a time is assigned amid the signs of the final day.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Spirit and Angels
  description: Heavenly beings ranged in order on the day; the translator note identifies
    the Spirit as Gabriel.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: People and ancestors
  description: Those assembled on the day of severing; in Sura LXXVIII people come
    in crowds after the trumpet blast.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Damsels / companions in the blissful abode
  description: Figures in the paradise scene, described as peers in age.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Creator and sustainer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage attributes human creation, earth, mountains, sweet water, heavens,
    rain, crops, and gardens to the divine speaker.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: Judge and recompensing authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The divine speaker assembles people, recompenses the good, gives torment
    to deniers, records all, and permits speech on the day.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:3
  label: Condemned deniers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They are repeatedly addressed with woe, sent to Hell, silenced from excuses,
    and associated with falsehood and unbelief.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: Rewarded righteous
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They are placed in shade, fountains, gardens, vineyards, and receive food
    and drink as recompense.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: Messengers with appointed time
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The Apostles are mentioned as having a time assigned them during the final
    sequence.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: Heavenly order on the final day
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The Spirit and Angels are ranged in order and do not speak except by divine
    permission.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:7
  label: Assembled humanity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: People and ancestors are assembled on the day of severing, and crowds arrive
    after the trumpet blast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: Paradise companions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: They are listed among the features of the blissful abode.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Fire and flame of punishment
  literal_form: Hell, flame, sparks like towers and tawny camels, boiling heat, and
    a burning lamp in heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: sym:2
  label: Water in contrasting forms
  literal_form: Sweet drinking water, rainwater, fountains, boiling water, and running
    sores
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: sym:3
  label: Mountains as stability and final dissolution
  literal_form: Tall firm mountains, mountains as tent-stakes, mountains scattered
    in dust, and mountains moving and becoming thin vapour
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: Trumpet blast
  literal_form: A blast on the trumpet before people come in crowds
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: Opened heaven and portals
  literal_form: Heaven cleft and opened, full of portals
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: Written record of deeds
  literal_form: All is noted and written down; a person sees the deeds his hands sent
    before him
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: Gardens, fruits, and cup of bliss
  literal_form: Shades, fountains, desired fruits, enclosed gardens, vineyards, and
    a full cup
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: Dust as desired nonexistence or abasement
  literal_form: The unbeliever says, 'Oh! would I were dust!'
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Imminent day and cosmic disruption
  summary: The promised event is declared imminent; stars are blotted out, heaven
    is cleft, mountains are scattered, and the day of severing is announced with woes
    to deniers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Creation and provision as signs
  summary: Human birth, the earth holding living and dead, mountains, sweet water,
    cosmic structure, rain, crops, and gardens are presented as works of the divine
    speaker.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Punishment of deniers
  summary: Deniers are sent to Hell, encounter ineffective shadows, flame, sparks,
    inability to speak or excuse themselves, boiling water, sores, and increased torment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: scene:4
  label: Reward of the God-fearing
  summary: The God-fearing are placed in shade, fountains, fruits, gardens, vineyards,
    companionship, and drink, with the reward described as recompense or a sufficing
    gift.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: scene:5
  label: Trumpet, assembly, and opened heaven
  summary: At the fixed day of Severance, the trumpet sounds, people come in crowds,
    heaven opens with portals, and the mountains become vapour.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Final accounting and permitted speech
  summary: The Spirit and Angels stand ordered; speech is restricted by divine permission;
    each person sees his deeds, and the unbeliever wishes to be dust.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Day of divine judgment and severance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage repeatedly names a day of severing or Severance, assembles people
    and ancestors, distinguishes deniers from the God-fearing, and assigns punishment
    or reward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy label captures the judgment structure; the passage itself
    uses the wording 'severing' and 'Severance' rather than a generic comparative
    term.
- id: motif:2
  label: Resurrection and assembly after trumpet
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: The text refers to people and ancestors being assembled, a trumpet blast,
    people coming in crowds, and a person seeing deeds sent before him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage uses assembly and final accounting language; the translator
    note also glosses 'the great News' as Resurrection.
- id: motif:3
  label: Cosmic dissolution before judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - chaos
  basis: Stars are blotted out, heaven is cleft or opened, mountains are scattered,
    set in motion, and dissolved into vapour before the final judgment scene.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference 'chaos' is approximate; the passage presents ordered
    eschatological dissolution rather than a primordial chaos myth.
- id: motif:4
  label: Contrasted afterlife abodes of punishment and bliss
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Hell is described with flame, boiling water, snares, and torment for deniers,
    while the God-fearing receive gardens, shade, fountains, fruit, and drink.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an afterlife reward-punishment contrast rather than an explicit
    journey map.
- id: motif:5
  label: Creation order as proof of divine power
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage lists human conception, earth, mountains, water, sleep, night,
    day, heavens, lamp, rain, and vegetation as divine works preceding the judgment
    announcement.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference precisely names this motif.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: A translator note explicitly compares the passage's paradise eating and drinking
    after resurrection with a Jewish expectation attributed to Maimonides.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Jewish/Maimonidean expectation of the dead raised and gathered into Paradise
    to eat and drink in health
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is supplied by the translator's note within the passage,
    not by the Qur'anic verse itself; it does not establish historical contact or
    direction of influence.
- id: claim:2
  claim: A translator note links the passage's 'seven solid heavens' with Talmudic
    terminology for one of the seven heavens.
  claim_level: linguistic_similarity
  target: Talmudic terminology concerning seven heavens
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: The note identifies a terminological parallel only; it does not by
    itself support a broader shared narrative motif or historical derivation.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2975-3035, Sura LXXVII
  quote_or_summary: The promised event is imminent; stars are blotted out, heaven
    cleft, mountains scattered in dust, Apostles assigned a time, and the day is called
    the day of severing with woes to deniers and destruction of evildoers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3036-3057, Sura LXXVII
  quote_or_summary: Humans are created from a small germ kept securely until birth;
    the earth holds living and dead, tall mountains are placed on it, and sweet water
    is given for drinking.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3058-3088, Sura LXXVII
  quote_or_summary: Deniers are told to go to Hell and to triple shadows that do not
    shield from flame; sparks are compared to towers and tawny camels; on that day
    they do not speak or make excuses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3089-3129, Sura LXXVII
  quote_or_summary: The day of severing assembles people and ancestors; the God-fearing
    are placed among shades, fountains, and desired fruits and are told to eat and
    drink in health as recompense.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3145-3180, Sura LXXVIII
  quote_or_summary: The earth is made a couch, mountains tent-stakes, humans in two
    sexes, sleep rest, night a mantle, day for livelihood, seven solid heavens, a
    burning lamp, abundant rainwater, corn, herbs, and gardens.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3181-3190, Sura LXXVIII
  quote_or_summary: The day of Severance is fixed; the trumpet sounds, people come
    in crowds, heaven opens with portals, and mountains move and melt into thin vapour.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3191-3210, Sura LXXVIII
  quote_or_summary: Hell is a place of snares and home of transgressors; they taste
    no coolness or drink except boiling water and running sores; their falsehood is
    recorded and torment is increased.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3211-3245, Sura LXXVIII
  quote_or_summary: The God-fearing receive gardens, vineyards, companions, and a
    full cup; the Spirit and Angels stand ordered and speak only by permission; a
    person sees his deeds, and the unbeliever wishes to be dust.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: note
  locator: translator note 3 to Sura LXXVII within passage
  quote_or_summary: The note reports Maimonides' statement that many Jews hope Messiah
    will raise the dead, gather them into Paradise, and that they will eat and drink
    in health forever.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: note
  locator: translator notes 2 and 4 to Sura LXXVIII within passage
  quote_or_summary: The notes connect 'seven solid heavens' with Talmudic terminology
    and identify the Spirit as Gabriel.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The extraction is based only on the supplied English passage. Line locators
    for sub-passages are approximate within the provided range because the passage
    excerpt does not preserve exact per-line numbering beyond the overall locator.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external sources were used. Translator footnotes are treated as part of the supplied passage and are separated from verse-level observations where relevant.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l2975-l3208
  passage_sha256=a88a04c8078e5a5307d937dae4f97079d4a2087b66ceb57818b2219e1d941c23