batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l25479-l25593
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l25479-l25593
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
PREFACE; lines 25479-25593
start: '25479'
end: '25593'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage contrasts hypocrites and unbelievers with faithful men and
women. It describes hypocrites as enjoining evil, breaking promises to God, avoiding
struggle, seeking exemptions, and scoffing at almsgivers. It warns of Hell, divine
curse, withheld forgiveness, and punishment, while promising mercy, gardens with
rivers, Edenic mansions, and bliss to the faithful. It also recalls earlier peoples
who received apostles with clear proofs but wronged themselves.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Hypocritical men and women are said to imitate one another, enjoin evil, forbid
what is just, shut up their hands, forget God, and be forgotten by God.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: God promises hypocrites and unbelievers the fire of Hell, a curse, and lasting
torment.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: The addressees are compared to earlier peoples who were stronger and wealthier
and whose works became vain.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: The passage names earlier peoples and places, including the people of Noah,
Ad, Themoud, Abraham, Madian, and the overthrown cities.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: Earlier apostles came with clear proofs, and the earlier peoples are said
to have wronged themselves.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: Faithful men and women are described as mutual friends who enjoin what is
just, forbid evil, pray, pay the legal impost, and obey God and His Apostle.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: God promises the faithful gardens beneath which rivers flow, goodly mansions
in the gardens of Eden, and divine good pleasure.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:8
text: The Prophet is commanded to contend against infidels and hypocrites and to
be rigorous with them.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:9
text: Some persons swear that they did not speak a saying, but the passage states
that they spoke a word of infidelity, planned what they could not effect, and
may repent or fall back into sin.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:10
text: Some made an agreement with God that, if given bounty, they would give alms
and be righteous; after receiving bounty they became covetous and withdrew.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:11
text: Hypocrisy is said to take its turn in their hearts until the day they meet
God because they failed their promise and lied.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:12
text: God is said to know secrets, private talk, and secret things.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:13
text: Those who scoff at faithful almsgivers are said to be scoffed at by God and
to have grievous torment in store.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:14
text: The Prophet is told that asking forgiveness for such people, even seventy
times, will not result in their forgiveness.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:15
text: Some who stayed behind were glad not to accompany God's Apostle and said not
to march out in the heat; the response contrasts this with the fiercer heat of
Hell.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:16
text: The Prophet is told not to pray over any one of them who dies or stand at
his grave because they died in wickedness.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:17
text: Riches and children are described as things through which God may punish them
in this world.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:18
text: When a Sura commands belief in God and going forth to war with His Apostle,
rich persons demand exemption and ask to stay at home.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:19
text: A seal is said to have been set on the hearts of those content to stay behind,
so that they do not understand.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:20
text: The Apostle and those who share his faith contend with purse and person, and
God has prepared gardens beneath which rivers flow for them.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:21
text: Some desert Arabs come with excuses seeking exemption, while others who gainsaid
God and His Apostle sit at home.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:22
text: No blame is assigned to the weak, sick, and those without means if they are
sincere with God and His Apostle.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:23
text: Some who cannot be mounted turn away with eyes shedding floods of tears because
they have no means to contribute.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The divine speaker and actor who promises, forgives or withholds forgiveness,
punishes, knows secrets, gives bounty, and prepares gardens.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Hypocritical men and women
description: Persons described as imitating one another, enjoining evil, forbidding
justice, forgetting God, breaking promises, and facing Hell or punishment.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Unbelievers / infidels
description: Persons grouped with hypocrites as recipients of Hell, chastisement,
and opposition from the Prophet.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Faithful men and women
description: Persons described as mutual friends who pray, give the legal impost,
obey God and His Apostle, and are promised mercy and gardens.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:10
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: The Prophet / God's Apostle
description: The messenger addressed with commands to contend against hypocrites
and infidels, respond to excuses, withhold prayer over some dead, and lead those
who share his faith.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Earlier peoples
description: Earlier communities named as the people of Noah, Ad, Themoud, Abraham,
Madian, and the overthrown cities.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Earlier apostles
description: Apostles who came to earlier peoples with clear proofs of their mission.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Those seeking exemption or staying behind
description: Persons who stay behind from going out with the Apostle, ask leave,
or demand exemption, including rich persons and some desert Arabs.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:11
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: The weak, sick, and those without means
description: Persons for whom staying at home is said to be no crime if they are
sincere with God and His Apostle.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Unmounted mourners
description: Persons who come asking to be mounted, are told there is no means to
mount them, and depart shedding tears because they cannot contribute.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
label: divine judge
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God assigns Hell, torment, mercy, forgiveness or non-forgiveness, and gardens.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: role:2
label: knower of hidden things and giver of bounty
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God is said to know secrets and private talk and to have vouchsafed bounty.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:3
label: condemned opponents
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:3
basis: Hypocrites and unbelievers are promised Hell, cursed, commanded against,
and associated with infidelity.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: role:4
label: faithful recipients of mercy and reward
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The faithful obey, pray, give, contend, and receive promises of mercy and
gardens.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:10
- id: role:5
label: apostolic messenger
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:7
basis: The Prophet or Apostle is commanded in the passage; earlier apostles came
with clear proofs.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:8
- id: role:6
label: precedent communities
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Earlier peoples are invoked as historical examples for the present audience.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:7
label: reluctant noncombatants
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: They stay at home, seek exemption, or avoid contending with riches and persons.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:11
- id: role:8
label: blameless unable participants
assigned_to:
- fig:9
- fig:10
basis: The passage removes blame from the weak, sick, poor, and those unable to
obtain mounts if sincere.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Fire of Hell
literal_form: fire of Hell; fiercer heat; Hell as dwelling place
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:8
- id: sym:2
label: Gardens with flowing rivers
literal_form: gardens beneath which rivers flow
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:10
- id: sym:3
label: Gardens of Eden and mansions
literal_form: goodly mansions in the gardens of Eden
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: Seal on hearts
literal_form: a seal set on their hearts
associated_figures:
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:5
label: Riches and children
literal_form: riches and children
associated_figures:
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:6
label: Grave without prayer
literal_form: not praying over a dead person or standing at his grave
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:7
label: Floods of tears
literal_form: eyes shedding floods of tears
associated_figures:
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Condemnation of hypocrites and unbelievers
summary: Hypocritical men and women and unbelievers are described as perverse and
are promised Hell, curse, and lasting torment.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Earlier peoples as warning
summary: The audience is told that it acts like earlier peoples; named earlier communities
received apostles with clear proofs and wronged themselves.
figure_refs:
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Reward of the faithful
summary: Faithful men and women are described as mutual friends who obey God and
His Apostle and are promised mercy, gardens with rivers, Edenic mansions, and
divine good pleasure.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Command to the Prophet and warning to plotters
summary: The Prophet is ordered to contend against infidels and hypocrites; those
who spoke infidelity and planned unsuccessfully are warned to repent or face chastisement.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:5
label: Broken agreement with God
summary: Some promise almsgiving if God grants bounty, but after receiving bounty
they become covetous, withdraw, and receive hypocrisy in their hearts until they
meet God.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:6
label: Scoffing at almsgivers and withheld forgiveness
summary: Those who mock faithful almsgivers are threatened with torment, and the
Prophet is told that repeated requests for forgiveness will not secure forgiveness
for them.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:7
label: Staying behind and heat of Hell
summary: Those who stayed behind avoid contending with wealth and persons and warn
against marching in heat; the response says the fire of Hell is fiercer, and later
bars them from fighting with the Prophet.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:8
label: Death without prayer at the grave
summary: The Prophet is told not to pray over or stand at the grave of one of them
who dies, because they died in wickedness.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:9
label: Exemption seekers and sealed hearts
summary: Riches and children are not to astonish the Prophet; some rich persons
seek exemption from going forth with the Apostle, and their hearts are described
as sealed.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:5
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:10
label: Contending faithful and prepared gardens
summary: The Apostle and those who share his faith contend with purse and person,
and God prepares gardens with flowing rivers for them.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:11
label: Permitted inability and grief without means
summary: The weak, sick, and those without means are not blamed if sincere, and
some who cannot be mounted leave weeping because they cannot contribute.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
- fig:9
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine judgment separating condemned and rewarded groups
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage repeatedly contrasts Hell, curse, torment, and withheld forgiveness
for hypocrites or unbelievers with mercy, gardens, and bliss for the faithful.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: The extraction stays at the passage level and does not infer a complete
eschatological system beyond the stated rewards and punishments.
- id: motif:2
label: Covenant or promise to God broken after receiving bounty
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: Some make an agreement with God to give alms and be righteous if granted
bounty, but after receiving bounty they become covetous and fail the promise.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage uses the language of an agreement and failed promise; broader
legal or ritual covenant implications are not inferred.
- id: motif:3
label: Earlier doomed peoples as warning precedent
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage explicitly recalls earlier peoples who received apostles with
clear proofs, wronged themselves, and are used as a warning to the present audience.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage names the earlier peoples but does not narrate their individual
stories in detail.
- id: motif:4
label: Sincere inability distinguished from culpable refusal
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Those who avoid action through reluctance or demand exemption are blamed,
while the weak, sick, poor, and unmounted mourners are exempted if sincere.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:11
confidence: medium
cautions: No available taxonomy reference precisely matches this ethical pattern.
- id: motif:5
label: Afterlife destination imagery of fire and gardens
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Hell is described as fire, heat, torment, and dwelling, while the faithful
are promised gardens beneath which rivers flow.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:8
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: Although the passage mentions a 'journey thither' to Hell, it does not
provide a detailed afterlife journey map.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage explicitly compares the present conduct of the addressees with
earlier peoples who were stronger and wealthier, received apostles, and wronged
themselves.
claim_level: same_function
target: 'Earlier peoples named in the passage: people of Noah, Ad, Themoud, Abraham,
Madian, and the overthrown cities'
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is an internal textual comparison within the passage, not evidence
of historical contact or independent recurrence.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: 25479-25490
quote_or_summary: Hypocrites enjoin evil and forget God; God promises hypocrites
and unbelievers the fire of Hell, curse, and lasting torment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: 25491-25502
quote_or_summary: The audience is said to act like earlier peoples; the passage
names the people of Noah, Ad, Themoud, Abraham, Madian, and overthrown cities,
whose apostles came with clear proofs.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 25503-25511
quote_or_summary: The faithful of both sexes are mutual friends who pray, give,
and obey; God promises them mercy, gardens with flowing rivers, Edenic mansions,
and good pleasure.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 25513-25522
quote_or_summary: The Prophet is told to contend against infidels and hypocrites;
some spoke infidelity, planned unsuccessfully, and are warned of chastisement
if they do not repent.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 25524-25532
quote_or_summary: Some agree with God to give alms if granted bounty; after receiving
bounty they become covetous and fail their promise, and hypocrisy is caused to
remain in their hearts.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 25534-25539
quote_or_summary: God is said to know secrets and private talk; those who mock faithful
almsgivers are threatened with grievous torment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 25541-25544
quote_or_summary: The Prophet is told that asking forgiveness for them, even seventy
times, will not bring forgiveness because they do not believe in God and His Apostle.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 25546-25559
quote_or_summary: Those left at home avoid contending and cite heat; Hell's fire
is called fiercer. The Prophet is told to bar them from future fighting and not
to pray over or stand at the grave of one who dies among them.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: 25563-25568
quote_or_summary: Riches and children are described as possible punishment; when
a Sura commands belief and going forth to war, rich persons ask exemption, and
a seal is set on their hearts.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: 25570-25575
quote_or_summary: The Apostle and those who share his faith contend with purse and
person; God prepares gardens with flowing rivers where they will remain forever.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: 25577-25593
quote_or_summary: Some desert Arabs seek exemption; the weak, sick, and those without
means are not blamed if sincere, and those who cannot be mounted leave weeping
because they cannot contribute.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: high
notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage is explicit. Motif labels
are limited to the supplied taxonomy and avoid broader Islamic interpretive claims
not stated in the passage.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
All claims are based only on the supplied passage and metadata.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l25479-l25593
passage_sha256=a7dbe1fbffe407e6881960b3017496ceef1403fe4bf29c6ae642d1ad0b64e145