batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l24722-l24835
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l24722-l24835
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
PREFACE; lines 24722-24835
start: '24722'
end: '24835'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage promises gardens with rivers to believers and punishment in
Hell to hypocrites, polytheists, and unbelievers. It presents Muhammad as witness,
herald, and warner; describes fealty to him as fealty to God; rebukes Arabs who
avoided the expedition; commands future obedience in battle; recalls the pledge
under the tree, divine peace, victory, booty, and restraint of conflict in the
valley of Mecca; explains the delay of entry to the sacred Mosque because of hidden
believers; confirms a dream of secure entry to the sacred Mosque; and concludes
with a description of Muhammad and his companions, including their prostration
marks and a seed-growth simile said to correspond to pictures in the Law and the
Evangel.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Believing men and women are promised entrance into gardens beneath whose trees
rivers flow, lasting dwelling there, and cancellation of evil deeds.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Hypocritical men and women and those who join other gods with God are assigned
divine anger, curse, Hell, and an evil journey there.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: The addressee is described as sent to be a witness, herald of good, and warner.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Those who plighted fealty to the addressee are said to have plighted fealty
to God, with the hand of God over their hands.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Arabs who did not take the field are described as offering excuses about property
and families while speaking what is not in their hearts.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: Those who did not take the field are told they will be called against a people
of mighty valour and will receive reward if obedient or chastisement if they turn
back.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: The blind, lame, and sick are exempted from fault if they do not go to the
fight.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: God is said to have been pleased with believers when they plighted fealty
under the tree and to have sent down secure repose and rewarded them with victory
and booty.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: God is said to have withheld hostile hands and the believers' hands in the
valley of Mecca after granting victory.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: Unbelievers are said to have kept the believers away from the sacred Mosque
and prevented an offering from reaching the place of sacrifice.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: The passage says punishment was deferred because unknown believing men and
women might have been trampled down.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:12
text: God sent down peace on the Apostle and the faithful when unbelievers fostered
rage in their hearts.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:13
text: A dream is confirmed in which the believers enter the sacred Mosque securely,
with shaved heads and cut hair, without fear.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:14
text: Muhammad is named as the Apostle of God, and his comrades are described as
severe toward infidels, tender among themselves, bowing, prostrating, and bearing
marks of prostration on their faces.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:15
text: The comrades are compared to seed that puts forth a stalk, strengthens, grows
stout, and rises on its stem, pleasing the husbandman.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: Divine actor who rewards, punishes, forgives, sends the Apostle, receives
fealty, sends peace, grants victory, withholds hands, and confirms the dream.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: believing men and believing women
description: People promised gardens, forgiven evil deeds, and protected from being
unknowingly trampled.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:8
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: hypocritical men and women and those who join other gods with God
description: Groups described as thinking evil thoughts of God and as recipients
of punishment, curse, and Hell.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: the Apostle / Muhammad
description: Messenger sent as witness, herald, and warner; recipient of fealty;
named as the Apostle of God.
role_refs:
- role:6
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:10
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Arabs who took not the field / Arabs of the desert
description: People rebuked for avoiding the field, making excuses, wanting to join
later for spoil, and being called to future battle.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: believers who plighted fealty under the tree
description: Believers whose hearts God knew, upon whom secure repose was sent,
and who were rewarded with victory and booty.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Infidels / unbelievers
description: Opponents described as fighting, turning their backs, preventing access
to the sacred Mosque, fostering rage, and being wrathful at the believers.
role_refs:
- role:5
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Muhammad's comrades
description: Companions described as vehement against infidels, tender among themselves,
prostrating, marked on their faces, and compared to growing seed.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
label: divine judge
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God forgives, punishes, prepares Hell, and promises recompense.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- id: role:2
label: divine patron of victory and protection
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God sends secure repose, grants victory and booty, and withholds hostile
hands.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:3
label: sender of revelation or mission
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God sends the Apostle with guidance and confirms the dream.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:9
- id: role:4
label: rewarded faithful
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:6
- fig:8
basis: Believers receive gardens, forgiveness, peace, victory, and noble recompense.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- ev:10
- id: role:5
label: punished unbelieving or hypocritical group
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:7
basis: These groups are threatened with Hell, flame, curse, or sore punishment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:8
- id: role:6
label: apostolic witness and warner
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The passage says the addressee was sent to be a witness, herald, and warner.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:7
label: recipient of fealty identified with divine fealty
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Fealty to the addressee is described as fealty to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:8
label: reluctant noncombatants subject to rebuke
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: They avoid the field, give excuses, and are warned to obey future summons.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:9
label: covenant group under the tree
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: They pledge fealty under the tree and receive divine approval and repose.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:10
label: obstructors of sanctuary and sacrifice
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: They keep believers from the sacred Mosque and prevent an offering from reaching
the place of sacrifice.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:11
label: marked devotional community
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: They bow, prostrate, and bear marks of prostration on their faces.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: gardens beneath trees with rivers
literal_form: gardens beneath whose trees rivers flow
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: Hell and flame
literal_form: Hell; flame prepared for infidels
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: sym:3
label: hand of God over hands
literal_form: the hand of God over the hands of those pledging fealty
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: oath or fealty pledge
literal_form: plighted fealty and engagement with God
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
- id: sym:5
label: tree of the pledge
literal_form: the tree under which believers plighted fealty
associated_figures:
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:6
label: sacred Mosque
literal_form: the sacred Mosque from which believers were kept and into which they
are promised entry
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:6
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: sym:7
label: offering and place of sacrifice
literal_form: the offering prevented from reaching the place of sacrifice
associated_figures:
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:8
label: secure repose or peace sent down
literal_form: a spirit of secure repose; peace sent on the Apostle and faithful
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: sym:9
label: dream of secure sanctuary entry
literal_form: dream of entering the sacred Mosque in security with shaved heads
and cut hair
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:10
label: marks of prostration
literal_form: tokens on faces, the marks of prostrations
associated_figures:
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:11
label: growing seed simile
literal_form: seed putting forth stalk, strengthening, growing stout, and rising
on its stem
associated_figures:
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Reward and punishment announced
summary: Believers are promised gardens, forgiveness, and bliss, while hypocrites
and associators are threatened with anger, curse, Hell, and an evil journey.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Apostolic mission and fealty
summary: The Apostle is presented as witness, herald, and warner, and fealty to
him is identified as fealty to God with God's hand over the pledging hands.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Rebuke of those who avoided the field
summary: Arabs who did not take the field are accused of insincere excuses and warned
that obedience in future battle will bring reward while retreat will bring chastisement.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Pledge under the tree and victory
summary: God is pleased with believers who pledged under the tree, sends down secure
repose, and rewards them with speedy victory and booty.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:5
label: Restraint in the valley of Mecca
summary: God withholds the hands of both sides after victory; unbelievers had blocked
the sacred Mosque and the offering, while hidden believers are cited as a reason
punishment was not carried out otherwise.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: scene:6
label: Peace and fulfilled dream of sanctuary entry
summary: God sends peace upon the Apostle and faithful and confirms the dream in
which they enter the sacred Mosque securely, with shaved heads and cut hair.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:8
- sym:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:7
label: Description of Muhammad and his comrades
summary: Muhammad is named as God's Apostle; his comrades are described by their
mutual tenderness, severity toward infidels, prostration marks, and a growing-seed
comparison also linked to pictures in the Law and Evangel.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:10
- sym:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine judgment through reward and punishment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage contrasts gardens, forgiveness, and recompense for believers
with Hell, flame, curse, and chastisement for hypocrites, associators, and unbelievers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is doctrinal and exhortative rather than a narrative myth;
the motif is identified from repeated judgment imagery.
- id: motif:2
label: Covenant or sacred pledge under divine witness
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: Fealty to the Apostle is equated with fealty to God, with God's hand over
the pledging hands, and the pledge under the tree receives divine approval.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The term covenant is not used in the passage, but oath, fealty, and engagement
with God support the classification.
- id: motif:3
label: Sanctuary access delayed and later promised
taxonomy_refs:
- return
basis: The passage describes exclusion from the sacred Mosque and later confirms
a dream of secure entry into it.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The available taxonomy has no direct sanctuary-pilgrimage motif; 'return'
is used cautiously for promised re-entry to a sacred place.
- id: motif:4
label: Sacrifice obstructed
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
basis: The passage mentions an offering prevented from reaching the place of sacrifice.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage refers to an obstructed offering but does not narrate the
sacrificial rite itself.
- id: motif:5
label: Sacred tree as site of pledge
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The believers pledge fealty under a tree and receive divine pleasure, repose,
victory, and reward.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: Although the tree is a significant setting in the passage, the text does
not identify it as a cosmic tree or axis; no taxonomy motif reference is assigned.
- id: motif:6
label: Community represented as flourishing seed
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Muhammad's comrades are likened to seed that grows into a strong stalk and
pleases the husbandman.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly matches this agricultural growth
image.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage itself states that the description of Muhammad's comrades corresponds
to their 'picture' in the Law and in the Evangel.
claim_level: same_function
target: Descriptions or images of the faithful in the Law and the Evangel
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage does not quote the Law or Evangel or identify exact parallel
passages; the claim is limited to the internal statement of correspondence.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 24722-24731
quote_or_summary: Believers are promised gardens beneath trees with flowing rivers
and cancellation of evil deeds; hypocrites and those joining other gods with God
are assigned anger, curse, Hell, and an evil journey.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: lines 24734-24739
quote_or_summary: '"we have sent thee to be a witness and a herald of good ... and
a warner"'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 24740-24745
quote_or_summary: Those pledging fealty to the addressee are said to pledge it to
God; God's hand is over their hands; breaking the oath harms the oath-breaker,
while fidelity brings great reward.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 24746-24760
quote_or_summary: Arabs who did not take the field are accused of false excuses
and evil expectations; unbelief in God and His Apostle is associated with flame
prepared for infidels.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 24768-24781
quote_or_summary: Those who avoided the field are told they will be called against
a mighty people; obedience brings good recompense, retreat brings sore chastisement;
the blind, lame, and sick are exempt from fault.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 24782-24790
quote_or_summary: God is pleased with believers pledging fealty under the tree,
knows their hearts, sends secure repose, and rewards them with speedy victory
and rich booty.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 24791-24803
quote_or_summary: God promises booty, withholds men's hands, guides the faithful,
and holds both sides' hands from one another in the valley of Mecca after victory.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 24804-24814
quote_or_summary: Unbelievers keep the believers from the sacred Mosque and prevent
the offering from reaching the place of sacrifice; hidden believing men and women
are cited as a reason for restraint of punishment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 24815-24825
quote_or_summary: God sends peace on the Apostle and faithful, establishes the word
of piety, and confirms the dream of secure entry into the sacred Mosque with shaved
heads and cut hair.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 24826-24835
quote_or_summary: Muhammad is called the Apostle of God; his comrades are tender
among themselves, severe against infidels, bowing and prostrating with marks on
their faces, and are compared to a seed that grows strong; this is called their
picture in the Law and Evangel.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The passage is clear in its literal content. Motif assignment is cautious
because the passage is primarily Qur'anic exhortation and historical-theological
recollection rather than mythic narrative. The only comparison claim is limited
to an explicit internal reference to the Law and Evangel.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage text, source metadata, and available taxonomy references.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l24722-l24835
passage_sha256=b9ecf176c3e2c29c20d53829ae77a11d5bf37b9ce231bec4abfe53b679891999