Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l23573-l23695

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l23573-l23695

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l23573-l23695
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
  label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
    PREFACE; lines 23573-23695
  start: '23573'
  end: '23695'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage gives commands and permissions concerning the Prophet, marriage,
    divorce, household etiquette, veiling, remembrance of God, blessing the Prophet,
    and warnings against affronting God, the Apostle, and believers. It also describes
    God and angels blessing the Prophet, God bringing believers from darkness into
    light, the Prophet as witness, herald, warner, and light-giving torch, and an
    eschatological warning about the Hour, the flame prepared for infidels, and the
    regret of those punished for obeying misleading leaders.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: God is said to have shown favour to a man, and the Prophet is said to have
    shown favour to him also; the Prophet tells him to keep his wife and fear God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: After Zaid settles concerning the woman to divorce her, God says the woman
    is married to the Prophet so that faithful people may marry the wives of adopted
    sons after the matter is settled.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage states that no blame attaches to the Prophet where God has given
    permission, and that God’s behest is a fixed decree.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Muhammad is identified as the Apostle of God and the seal of the prophets,
    not the father of any man among the addressed community.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Believers are told to remember God frequently and praise Him morning and evening.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: God and His angels are said to bless or intercede for believers so that God
    may bring them out of darkness into light.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The believers’ greeting when they meet God is said to be Peace, and a noble
    recompense is prepared for them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: The Prophet is sent as witness, herald of glad tidings, warner, summoner to
    God, and light-giving torch.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: Believers are given rules for marriage, divorce before consummation, provision,
    and reputable dismissal.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: The Prophet is permitted specified wives, women who fled with him to Medina,
    and any believing woman who gives herself to him if he desires to wed her; the
    passage calls this a privilege above the rest of the faithful.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: The Prophet is told he may defer or receive whom he wills among the women
    described, and later is not permitted to take other wives or exchange his present
    wives for other women, except slaves whom his right hand possesses.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: Believers are instructed not to enter the Prophet’s houses except by leave
    for a meal, to disperse after eating, and not to engage in familiar talk that
    troubles the Prophet.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:13
  text: When asking anything of the Prophet’s wives, believers are told to ask from
    behind a veil; they are also forbidden to marry his wives after him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:14
  text: The Prophet’s wives may speak unveiled to specified male kin, women, and slaves
    whom their right hands hold.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:15
  text: God and His angels bless the Prophet, and believers are told to bless and
    salute him with salutations of Peace.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:16
  text: Those who affront God and His Apostle are cursed in this world and the world
    to come and are assigned shameful chastisement.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:17
  text: Those who affront believing men and believing women without fault bear the
    guilt of slander and clear wrong.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:18
  text: The Prophet is told to instruct his wives, daughters, and the wives of the
    faithful to let their veils fall low so that they may be known and not affronted.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:19
  text: Hypocrites, men of tainted heart, and stirrers of sedition in Medina are threatened
    with being stirred against, expelled from nearness, cursed, seized, and slain
    if they do not desist.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:20
  text: People ask about the Hour; the answer given is that knowledge of it is with
    God alone and that the Hour may be near.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:21
  text: Infidels are cursed, a flame is prepared for them, and they remain there without
    friend or helper.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:22
  text: On the day when their faces are rolled in the fire, the punished cry that
    they wish they had obeyed God and the Apostle, and they blame chiefs and great
    ones for misleading them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine speaker and agent who gives permission, knows all things,
    blesses believers, commands, judges, curses, and prepares recompense or chastisement.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Muhammad / the Prophet / the Apostle of God
  description: Addressed as Prophet, described as Apostle of God and seal of the prophets,
    sent as witness, herald, warner, summoner to God, and light-giving torch.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Zaid
  description: A man to whom God and the Prophet had shown favour, who settles concerning
    his wife to divorce her.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Zaid’s wife / the woman divorced by Zaid
  description: A woman whom Zaid divorces and whom God says is married to the Prophet.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Believers / faithful
  description: The addressed community instructed in remembrance, marriage and divorce
    rules, household conduct, blessing the Prophet, and veiling practices.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Beings who bless or intercede for believers and bless the Prophet with
    God.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: The Prophet’s wives, daughters, and wives of the faithful
  description: Women addressed through rules about asking from behind a veil, speaking
    unveiled to specified kin, and letting veils fall low.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:11
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Infidels and Hypocrites
  description: Opposing groups mentioned in commands not to obey them and in warnings
    of curse, flame, and chastisement.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Men of tainted heart and stirrers of sedition in Medina
  description: Groups threatened with expulsion, curse, seizure, and slaughter if
    they do not desist.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Chiefs and great ones
  description: Leaders whom the punished say they obeyed and who misled them from
    the way of God.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine lawgiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God gives permissions, settles rules, and issues commands concerning marriage,
    household conduct, and the Prophet.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God is described as knowing all things, witnessing all things, cursing offenders,
    and preparing recompense or chastisement.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
- id: role:3
  label: prophetic messenger and warner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The Prophet is called Apostle of God and seal of the prophets and is sent
    as witness, herald, warner, summoner, and light-giving torch.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: favoured divorcing husband
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Zaid is the man favoured by God and the Prophet who settles concerning his
    wife to divorce her.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: divinely permitted spouse of the Prophet
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: After Zaid’s divorce, God says that she is married to the Prophet for a stated
    legal purpose concerning adopted sons’ former wives.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: faithful recipients of instruction and promise
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Believers receive commands to remember God, rules for marriage and household
    conduct, and promises of light, peace, and recompense.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: heavenly blessers or intercessors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Angels are said to intercede or bless believers and to bless the Prophet
    with God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: protected and regulated women of the community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The passage gives rules about veils, access, kin exceptions, and protection
    from affront for these women.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:11
- id: role:9
  label: opponents under warning
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: Infidels, hypocrites, tainted-hearted men, and stirrers of sedition are warned
    of non-obedience, curse, flame, seizure, or slaughter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:10
  label: misleading leaders
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The punished say their chiefs and great ones misled them from the way of
    God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: darkness and light
  literal_form: being brought forth out of darkness into light
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: light-giving torch
  literal_form: the Prophet as a light-giving torch
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: veil
  literal_form: asking from behind a veil; veils falling low
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:11
- id: sym:4
  label: Peace greeting
  literal_form: the greeting Peace when believers meet God; salutations of Peace to
    the Prophet
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
- id: sym:5
  label: the Hour
  literal_form: the Hour whose knowledge is with God alone
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: sym:6
  label: flame and fire
  literal_form: the flame prepared for infidels; faces rolled in the fire
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: sym:7
  label: seal of the prophets
  literal_form: Muhammad as the seal of the prophets
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Zaid’s divorce and the Prophet’s divinely permitted marriage
  summary: The Prophet tells the favoured man to keep his wife and fear God, but after
    Zaid settles to divorce her, God states that she is married to the Prophet to
    establish a rule about the wives of adopted sons.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Prophetic status and continuity with earlier prophets
  summary: The passage states that God’s permission to the Prophet carries no blame,
    refers to the way of God with earlier prophets, and identifies Muhammad as Apostle
    of God and seal of the prophets.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Remembrance, blessing, and passage from darkness into light
  summary: Believers are told to remember and praise God, while God and angels bless
    or intercede for them, bringing them from darkness into light and preparing a
    peaceful meeting and recompense.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Mission of the Prophet
  summary: The Prophet is sent as witness, herald of glad tidings, warner, summoner
    to God, and light-giving torch; he is told to announce divine boons and trust
    God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Marriage and divorce regulations
  summary: Believers receive rules about marrying believing women, divorce before
    consummation, provision, and dismissal; the Prophet receives specific permissions
    and restrictions regarding wives and women.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Prophet’s household etiquette and veiling
  summary: Believers are instructed not to enter the Prophet’s houses without leave,
    to leave after meals, to avoid troubling the Prophet, to ask his wives from behind
    a veil, and not to marry his wives after him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:7
  label: Blessing the Prophet and warning against affront
  summary: God and angels bless the Prophet, believers are told to bless and salute
    him, and those who affront God, the Apostle, or innocent believers are threatened
    with curse, chastisement, and guilt.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:8
  label: Veiling for recognition and threat against sedition
  summary: The Prophet is told to instruct women to let their veils fall low so they
    may be known and not affronted, while hypocrites and sedition-stirrers in Medina
    are threatened if they do not desist.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: scene:9
  label: The Hour and fiery chastisement
  summary: People ask about the Hour, whose knowledge is with God alone; infidels
    are cursed and assigned the flame, where they regret not obeying God and the Apostle
    and blame their leaders for misleading them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment through curse, fire, and chastisement
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage repeatedly describes God cursing offenders, preparing shameful
    chastisement, and assigning infidels to flame and fire on the day connected with
    the Hour.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is doctrinal and legal as well as eschatological; the extraction
    records the judgment imagery without expanding beyond the supplied text.
- id: motif:2
  label: prophetic mission as witness, herald, and warner
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Prophet is explicitly sent as witness, herald of glad tidings, warner,
    summoner to God, and light-giving torch.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names this prophetic mission
    pattern.
- id: motif:3
  label: divine knowledge withheld concerning the final Hour
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: When people ask about the Hour, the answer states that knowledge of it is
    with God alone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents restricted divine knowledge rather than a narrative
    of transgressively seeking forbidden knowledge.
- id: motif:4
  label: movement from darkness into light
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: God and angels bless or intercede for believers so that God may bring them
    out of darkness into light.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The imagery is explicit, but no available taxonomy reference directly
    matches it.
- id: motif:5
  label: divinely authorized social and marital order
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage frames marriage, divorce, household access, veiling, and the
    Prophet’s marital permissions as matters settled or commanded by God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a legal-religious pattern rather than a mythic narrative motif
    in the narrow sense.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage itself compares the Prophet’s divinely permitted conduct and
    mission to the prior 'way of God' with earlier prophets.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: earlier prophets mentioned within the passage
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The earlier prophets are not named in the passage, and no specific
    narratives are supplied for detailed comparison.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The threat against hypocrites and sedition-stirrers is presented as following
    the same 'way of God' with those who lived before them.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: people who lived before them, as mentioned within the passage
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage gives only a generalized precedent and does not identify
    the earlier groups or events.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 23573-23580
  quote_or_summary: The Prophet tells a favoured man to keep his wife and fear God;
    after Zaid decides to divorce her, God says she is married to the Prophet to remove
    blame about marrying former wives of adopted sons after divorce.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 23581-23590
  quote_or_summary: No blame attaches to the Prophet where God permits it; this is
    described as God’s way with earlier prophets. Muhammad is not father of any man
    among the community but is Apostle of God and seal of the prophets.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 23591-23600
  quote_or_summary: Believers are told to remember and praise God; God and angels
    bless or intercede for them to bring them from darkness into light, and their
    greeting on meeting Him is Peace with noble recompense prepared.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 23601-23610
  quote_or_summary: The Prophet is sent as witness, herald, warner, summoner to God
    by permission, and light-giving torch; he is told to announce boons, not obey
    infidels and hypocrites, abstain from injuring them, and trust God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 23611-23615
  quote_or_summary: Believers are instructed about marrying believing women and divorcing
    them before consummation, with no prescribed waiting term but provision and reputable
    dismissal.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 23616-23638
  quote_or_summary: The Prophet is allowed specified wives and women under stated
    conditions as a privilege; the passage also describes his discretion among them
    and later restriction on taking or exchanging wives, except slaves possessed by
    the right hand.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 23639-23650
  quote_or_summary: Believers are told not to enter the Prophet’s houses except by
    leave, to disperse after eating, to avoid familiar talk that troubles him, to
    ask his wives from behind a veil, and not to marry his wives after him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 23651-23657
  quote_or_summary: God knows all things; the wives are not blamed for speaking unveiled
    to specified kin, women, or slaves whom their right hands hold; God witnesses
    all things.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 23658-23660
  quote_or_summary: God and His angels bless the Prophet, and believers are told to
    bless and salute him with salutations of Peace.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 23661-23668
  quote_or_summary: Those who affront God and His Apostle are cursed in this world
    and the world to come and have shameful chastisement prepared; those who affront
    innocent believing men and women bear slander and clear wrong.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: 23669-23682
  quote_or_summary: The Prophet is told to instruct his wives, daughters, and wives
    of the faithful to let veils fall low so they may be known and not affronted;
    hypocrites, tainted-hearted men, and sedition-stirrers in Medina are threatened
    if they do not desist, and this is called God’s way with those before them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: 23683-23695
  quote_or_summary: People ask about the Hour, whose knowledge is with God alone.
    Infidels are cursed and assigned the flame forever; when their faces are rolled
    in the fire, they wish they had obeyed God and the Apostle and say their chiefs
    and great ones misled them, asking double chastisement for them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The legal and exhortative content is explicit. Motif identification is cautious
    because the passage is not primarily a mythic narrative; comparison claims are
    limited to internal comparisons made by the passage itself.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. No external names or identifications were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l23573-l23695
  passage_sha256=57bf4e4ca236c0ce56c85ab281def64b31e38ffe8b19ef09e5872bdd82d18f68